Cellular communication and fusion regulates cell fusion, trap morphogenesis, conidiation, and secondary metabolism in Arthrobotrys oligospora
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PROVIDER: PRJNA997221 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:In this study, we characterized Aoadv-1, Aoso, Aoham-6, and Aoham-5 of A. oligospora, homologous to those involved in cellular communication and fusion in the model fungus Neurospora crassa. The deletion of four genes resulted in the complete loss of cell fusion, and traps produced by mutants do not close to form mycelial rings but are still capable of capturing nematodes. Meanwhile, the absence of these genes inhibited aerial mycelial extension, slowed colony growth, and increased mycelial branching. In addition, the mutants showed reduced sporulation capacity, reduced tolerance to oxidative stress, increased sensitivity to SDS, and altered lipid droplet accumulation and autophagy. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis revealed that Aoadv-1 and Aoso were involved in plasma membrane fusion, transmembrane transport of multiple nutrients, signal transduction, response to oxidative stress, cell wall, lipid metabolism, and autophagy. In addition, metabolomic analysis showed that Aoadv-1 and Aoso were involved in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Our results revealed that Aoadv-1, Aoso, Aoham-6, and Aoham-5 regulate mycelial growth and trap morphogenesis through cell fusion, which provides a valuable reference for the molecular mechanisms of cellular communication regulating the mycelia development and trap morphogenesis in NT fungi.
2023-07-24 | GSE237909 | GEO
Project description:Rab GTPases regulate vesicle trafficking in organisms and play crucial roles in growth and development. Arthrobotrys oligospora is a representative species of nematode-trapping (NT) fungi, it can produce trapping devices for nematode predation. Our previous study found that deletion of Aorab7A abolished the trap formation and sporulation. Here, we investigated the regulatory mechanism of AoRab7A using transcriptomic, biochemical, and phenotypic comparisons. Transcriptome analysis, yeast library screening, and Y2H assays identified two vacuolar protein sorting (Vps) proteins, AoVps41 and AoVps35, as putative targets of AoRab7A. The deletion of Aovps41 and Aovps35 caused considerable defects in multiple phenotypic traits. We further found a close connection between AoRab7A, homotypic fusion, vacuolar protein sorting, and the retromer involved in vesicle-vacuole fusion, which triggered vacuolar fragmentation. Further transcriptome analysis showed that AoRab7A and AoVps35 play essential roles in many cellular processes and components including proteasomes, autophagy, fatty acid degradation, and ribosomes in A. oligospora. Furthermore, we verified that AoRab7A, AoVps41, and AoVps35 are involved in ribosome and proteasome functions. The absence of these proteins inhibited the biosynthesis of nascent proteins and enhanced ubiquitination. Our findings suggest that AoRab7A can interact with AoVps41 and AoVps35 to mediate vacuolar fusion and influence lipid droplet accumulation, autophagy, stress response, and secondary metabolism. These proteins are especially required for the conidiation and trap development of A. oligospora
2023-10-13 | GSE245014 | GEO
Project description:ADP-ribosylation factors (Arfs) belong to the small GTPases superfamily and regulate mycelial development, endocytosis, and virulence in fungi. Nematode-trapping (NT) fungi can form unique infection structures (traps) to capture and kill free-living nematodes, thus play a potential role in the biocontrol of nematodes. Arthrobotrys oligospora is a representative species of the NT fungi. Here, the functions of two Arf-GAPs, Age1 (AoAge1) and Age2 (AoAge2) orthologue to S. cerevisiae were identified in A. oligospora by gene knockout and multi-phenotypic analysis. It was found that AoAge1 and AoAge2, especially AoAge2, play an important role in vegetative growth, conidiation, trap formation, DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial activity, endocytosis, heat shock stress, ROS level, and autophagy of A. oligospora. Importantly, our transcriptomic analysis (12 h) showed that nearly 62.7% of A. oligospora genes (11479) were directly or indirectly regulated by AoAge2, indicating that Arf-GAP plays a global role in the growth and development of A. oli gospora. Revealed by transcriptomic analysis differentially upregulated genes in the absence of Aoage2 were involved in autophagy and carbohydrate, amino acid and sphingolipid metabolism while downregulated genes were involved in longevity regulating pathway and carbohydrate, amino acid and secondary metabolites biosynthesis. In addition, metabolomic analysis showed that many compounds were markedly reduction in ΔAoage2 mutants strain. Our results highlighted that AoAge1 and AoAge2 play a crucial role in the asexual growth, development, differentiation, and lifestyle transition, especially, AoAge2 is indispensable for conidiation and trap morphogenesis of A. oligospora. These results demonstrated crucial roles for AoAge1 and AoAge2 in the fungal growth, environmental adaption and pathogenicity, which provided insights into the function of Arf-GAPs in A. oligospora and other fungi.
2024-01-26 | GSE253759 | GEO
Project description:ADP-ribosylation factors (Arfs) belong to the small GTPases superfamily and regulate mycelial development, endocytosis, and virulence in fungi. Nematode-trapping (NT) fungi can form unique infection structures (traps) to capture and kill free-living nematodes, thus play a potential role in the biocontrol of nematodes. Arthrobotrys oligospora is a representative species of the NT fungi. Here, the functions of two Arf-GAPs, Age1 (AoAge1) and Age2 (AoAge2) orthologue to S. cerevisiae were identified in A. oligospora by gene knockout and multi-phenotypic analysis. It was found that AoAge1 and AoAge2, especially AoAge2, play an important role in vegetative growth, conidiation, trap formation, DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial activity, endocytosis, heat shock stress, ROS level, and autophagy of A. oligospora. Importantly, our transcriptomic analysis (12 h) showed that nearly 62.7% of A. oligospora genes (11479) were directly or indirectly regulated by AoAge2, indicating that Arf-GAP plays a global role in the growth and development of A. oli gospora. Revealed by transcriptomic analysis differentially upregulated genes in the absence of Aoage2 were involved in autophagy and carbohydrate, amino acid and sphingolipid metabolism while downregulated genes were involved in longevity regulating pathway and carbohydrate, amino acid and secondary metabolites biosynthesis. In addition, metabolomic analysis showed that many compounds were markedly reduction in ΔAoage2 mutants strain. Our results highlighted that AoAge1 and AoAge2 play a crucial role in the asexual growth, development, differentiation, and lifestyle transition, especially, AoAge2 is indispensable for conidiation and trap morphogenesis of A. oligospora. These results demonstrated crucial roles for AoAge1 and AoAge2 in the fungal growth, environmental adaption and pathogenicity, which provided insights into the function of Arf-GAPs in A. oligospora and other fungi.
2022-10-13 | GSE215079 | GEO
Project description:Mitophagy is one of the most important cellular processes to ensure mitochondrial quality control, which aims to transport damaged, dysfunctional, or excess mitochondria for degradation and reuse. Here, we determined the function of AoAtg11 and AoAtg33, two orthologous autophagy-related proteins involved in yeast mitophagy, in the typical nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora . Deletion of Aoatg11 and Aoatg33 impairs mitophagy, mitochondrial morphology and activity, autophagy,cell apoptosis, reactive oxygen species levels, lipid droplet accumulation, and endocytosis. These combined effects resulted in slow vegetative growth; reduced conidiation, trap formation, cell nucleus, and extracellular protease activity; increased susceptibility to the stress response; and arthrobotrisin production in the Δ Aoatg11 and Δ Aoatg33 mutants, compared with the wild-type strain. In addition, the absence of Aoatg11 caused an endoplasmic reticulum stress response. Transcriptome analysis revealed that many differentially expressed genes in the Δ Aoatg11 mutants were involved in various important cellular processes, such as lipid metabolism, the TCA cycle, mitophagy, nitrogen metabolism, endocytosis, and the MAPK signaling pathway. In conclusion, our study revealed that Aoatg11 and Aoatg33 mediate autophagy and mitophagy in A. oligospora , and provides a basis for elucidating the links between mitophagy and fungal vegetative growth, conidiation, and pathogenicity.
2022-09-09 | GSE212735 | GEO
Project description:We report the transcriptomic comparisions between key processes required for various stages of fungal carnivory in nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora when induced with nematodes. The reference assembly used for remapping is A. oligospora TWF154 (GenBank assembly accession: GCA_004768765.1)
2023-07-01 | GSE233568 | GEO
Project description:Nematode-trapping (NT) fungi can form unique infection structures (traps) to capture and kill free-living nematodes, thus play a potential role in the biocontrol of nematodes. Arthrobotrys oligospora is a representative species of the NT fungi. Here we performed dual RNA-seq to understand the interaction between A. oligospora and Caenorhabditis elegans. We identified 5752 unique differentially expressed genes during trap formation and predation, and the rac gene was significantly upregulated. Alternative splicing events occurred in 896 2012 genes, including the rac and rho2 gene. Further, we characterized three Rho GTPases (Rho2, Rac, and Cdc42) in A. oligospora using gene disruption and multi-phenotypic analysis. The analyses showed that AoRac and AoCdc42 play an important role in mycelium growth, lipid accumulation, DNA damage, sporulation, trap formation, pathogenicity, and stress response in A. oligospora. Furthermore, AoCdc42 and AoRac specifically interacted with components of the Nox complex, thus regulating the production of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, the transcript levels of several genes associated with the protein kinase A, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and p21-activated kinase were also altered in the mutants, suggesting that Rho GTPases might function upstream of these kinases. This study highlights the important role of Rho GTPases in A. oligospora and provides insights into the regulatory mechanism of signaling pathways in trap morphogenesis and lifestyle transition of NT fungi.
2021-12-24 | GSE192443 | GEO
Project description:We report the transcriptomic comparisions between ku70 control and ste12 mutant strains in nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora when induced with nematodes. Fungal Ste12 transcription factor and the upstream MAPK cascade are highly conserved and plays a role in host sensing and pathogenesis in various fungal pathogens. Identification of Ste12-dependent in A. oligospora may provide further insights into the molecular mechanisms of nematode-sensing and trap morphogenesis. The reference assemly used for remapping is A. oligospora TWF154 (GenBank assembly accession: GCA_004768765.1)
2020-10-24 | GSE159974 | GEO
Project description:Signal transduction plays a crucial role in defending against external environmental challenges, which can modulate the cellular response to external stimuli. cAMP/PKA signaling pathway is one of the most important signaling circuits and is evolutionarily conserved in eukaryotes. A. oligospora is a typical nematode-trapping fungi that can specialize adhesive network traps to kill nematodes after sensing the signals. To elucidate the biological roles of cAMP-PKA signaling pathway, we characterized an adenylate cyclase orthologous protein, AoAcy, a cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator, AoPKaR, and two cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunits, AoPKaCs in A. oligospora. Furthermore, phenotypic analysis of the gene disruption strains showed that the deletion of AoAcy resulted in a significant decrease in the content of cAMP and arthrobotrisins, and the results indicated that AoAcy, AoPKaR and AoPKaC1 were involved in the hyphae growth, trap morphogenesis, sporulation, stress resistance and autophagy. In addition, AoAcy and AoPKaC1 were also participated in the regulation of mitochondria, thereby affecting energy metabolism. While AoPKaC2 only affected sporulation, the number of nuclei and autophagy. Collectively, these findings highlight the essential role of cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in A. oligospora and provide insights into the regulation mechanisms of signaling pathways in trap formation and sporulation.
2022-08-13 | GSE210886 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptomic analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes in the absence of AoSte12 were involved in mycelial growth, development process,conidiation, cell nucleus and trap formation.
2023-01-29 | GSE213447 | GEO