PARylated PDHE1α generates acetyl-CoA for local chromatin acetylation and DNA damage repair
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA997250 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR25382800_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25382800_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25382801_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25382801_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR25382794_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Chromatin relaxation is a prerequisite step for allowing DNA repair machinery to access double-strand breaks (DSBs), and local histones around the DNA breaks suffer from prompt acetylation changes. However, an intriguing question remains as to where the quick and robust acetyl-CoA is produced. Here, we report that pyruvate dehydrogenase 1α (PDHE1α) catalyzes pyruvate metabolic processes and provides acetyl-CoA promptly in response to DNA damage. PDHE1α was quickly recruited to chromatin in a PARylation-dependent manner, which further drove the local acetyl-CoA generation to support local chromatin acetylation around the DSB regions. In turn, this process increased the formation of relaxed chromatin to benefit repair factor loading, thus promote DSB repair to ultimately maintain genome stability and contribute to the resistance of cancer cells to DNA-damaging treatments in vitro and in vivo. Consistent with this, blocking PARylation-based PDHE1α chromatin recruitment markedly attenuated chromatin relaxation and the DSB repair efficiency, and resulted in genome instability and radio re-sensitivity. Collectively, these findings identified an undescribed mechanism that underlies site-directed acetyl-CoA generation involving chromatin-associated PDHE1α and its instrumental function in DNA repair and regulating local chromatin acetylation around DSB sites. The findings provide potential routes to disrupt a key mechanism of cancer cell resistance to genotoxic damage.
2023-07-26 | GSE237929 | GEO
Project description:Metabolic production of acetyl-CoA has been linked to histone acetylation and gene regulation, however the mechanisms are largely unknown. We show that the metabolic enzyme acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) is a critical and directchum regulator of histone acetylation in neurons and of long-term mammalian memory. We observe increased nuclear ACSS2 in differentiating neurons in vitro. Genome-wide, ACSS2 binding corresponds with increased histone acetylation and gene expression of key neuronal genes. These data indicate that ACSS2 functions as a chromatin-bound co-activator to increase local concentrations of acetyl-CoA and to locally promote histone acetylation for transcription of neuron-specific genes. Remarkably, in vivo attenuation of hippocampal ACSS2 expression in adult mice impairs long-term spatial memory, a cognitive process reliant on histone acetylation. ACSS2 reduction in hippocampus also leads to a defect in upregulation of key neuronal genes involved in memory. These results reveal a unique connection between cellular metabolism and neural plasticity, and establish a link between generation of acetyl-CoA and neuronal chromatin regulation. Genome-wide examination of histone H3 and H4 acetylation, as well as ACSS2 binding, in undifferentiated CAD cells and differentiated CAD neurons; background adjusted by H3 ChIP or Input.
2017-05-01 | E-GEOD-76850 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Metabolic production of acetyl-CoA has been linked to histone acetylation and gene regulation, however the mechanisms are largely unknown. We show that the metabolic enzyme acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) is a critical and direct regulator of histone acetylation in neurons and of long-term mammalian memory. We observe increased nuclear ACSS2 in differentiating neurons in vitro. Genome-wide, ACSS2 binding corresponds with increased histone acetylation and gene expression of key neuronal genes. These data indicate that ACSS2 functions as a chromatin-bound co-activator to increase local concentrations of acetyl-CoA and to locally promote histone acetylation for transcription of neuron-specific genes. Remarkably, in vivo attenuation of hippocampal ACSS2 expression in adult mice impairs long-term spatial memory, a cognitive process reliant on histone acetylation. ACSS2 reduction in hippocampus also leads to a defect in upregulation of key neuronal genes involved in memory. These results reveal a unique connection between cellular metabolism and neural plasticity, and establish a link between generation of acetyl-CoA and neuronal chromatin regulation. Global survey of gene expression in CAD cells and differentiated CAD neurons following lentiviral knockdown of ACSS2 or ATP citrate lyase (ACL) (and control = scramble hairpin); survey of hippocampal gene expression changes associated with retrieval of fear memory, after ACSS2-AAV knockdown or in EGFP-AAV control (comparison of 0h vs. 1h post-memory retrieval).
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Project description:Acetyl-Coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) is a central metabolite and the acetyl source for protein acetylation, particularly histone acetylation that promotes gene expression. However, the effect of acetyl-CoA levels on histone acetylation status in plants remains unknown. Here, we show that malfunctioned cytosolic acetyl-CoA carboxylase1 (ACC1) in Arabidopsis leads to elevated levels of acetyl-CoA and promotes histone hyperacetylation predominantly at lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27). The increase of H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) is dependent on ATP-citrate lyase which cleaves citrate to acetyl-CoA in the cytoplasm, and requires histone acetyltransferase GCN5. A comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome in combination with the genome-wide H3K27ac profiles of acc1 mutants, demonstrate the dynamic changes of H3K27ac, gene transcripts and metabolites occurring in the cell by the increased levels of acetyl-CoA. This study suggests that H3K27ac is an important link between cytosolic acetyl-CoA level and gene expression in response to the dynamic metabolic environments in plants.
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Project description:Metabolic production of acetyl-CoA has been linked to histone acetylation and gene regulation, however the mechanisms are largely unknown. We show that the metabolic enzyme acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) is a critical and direct regulator of histone acetylation in neurons and of long-term mammalian memory. We observe increased nuclear ACSS2 in differentiating neurons in vitro. Genome-wide, ACSS2 binding corresponds with increased histone acetylation and gene expression of key neuronal genes. These data indicate that ACSS2 functions as a chromatin-bound co-activator to increase local concentrations of acetyl-CoA and to locally promote histone acetylation for transcription of neuron-specific genes. Remarkably, in vivo attenuation of hippocampal ACSS2 expression in adult mice impairs long-term spatial memory, a cognitive process reliant on histone acetylation. ACSS2 reduction in hippocampus also leads to a defect in upregulation of key neuronal genes involved in memory. These results reveal a unique connection between cellular metabolism and neural plasticity, and establish a link between generation of acetyl-CoA and neuronal chromatin regulation.
2017-05-01 | GSE76853 | GEO
Project description:Metabolic production of acetyl-CoA has been linked to histone acetylation and gene regulation, however the mechanisms are largely unknown. We show that the metabolic enzyme acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) is a critical and directchum regulator of histone acetylation in neurons and of long-term mammalian memory. We observe increased nuclear ACSS2 in differentiating neurons in vitro. Genome-wide, ACSS2 binding corresponds with increased histone acetylation and gene expression of key neuronal genes. These data indicate that ACSS2 functions as a chromatin-bound co-activator to increase local concentrations of acetyl-CoA and to locally promote histone acetylation for transcription of neuron-specific genes. Remarkably, in vivo attenuation of hippocampal ACSS2 expression in adult mice impairs long-term spatial memory, a cognitive process reliant on histone acetylation. ACSS2 reduction in hippocampus also leads to a defect in upregulation of key neuronal genes involved in memory. These results reveal a unique connection between cellular metabolism and neural plasticity, and establish a link between generation of acetyl-CoA and neuronal chromatin regulation.
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Project description:Chromatin relaxation is a prerequisite step that allows the DNA repair machinery to access double-strand breaks (DSBs), and local histones around the DNA breaks suffer from prompt acetylation changes. However, an intriguing question remains as to where the large demands of acetyl-CoA is precisely produced promptly. Here, we report that pyruvate dehydrogenase 1α (PDHE1α) catalyzes pyruvate metabolism to provide acetyl-CoA promptly in response to DNA damage. PDHE1α was quickly recruited to chromatin in a PARylation-dependent manner, which further drove acetyl-CoA generation to support local chromatin acetylation around the DSB regions. In turn, this process increased the formation of relaxed chromatin to benefit repair factor loading, thus promoting DSB repair to ultimately maintain genome stability and contribute to the resistance of cancer cells to DNA-damaging treatments in vitro and in vivo. In accordance with this, blocking PARylation-based PDHE1α chromatin recruitment markedly attenuated chromatin relaxation and the DSB repair efficiency, resulting in genome instability and restoration of radiosensitivity. Collectively, these findings reveal an undescribed mechanism that underlies site-directed acetyl-CoA generation involving chromatin-associated PDHE1α and its instrumental function in DNA repair and regulating local chromatin acetylation around DSB sites.
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Project description:Histone modifying enzymes depend on the availability of cofactors, with acetyl-CoA being required for histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity. The discovery that mitochondrial acyl-CoA producing enzymes are also delivered to the nucleus suggests that high concentrations of metabolites generated locally may impact acetylation of histones and other nuclear substrates and eventually control gene regulation. Here we show that 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases were stably associated with the Mediator complex in macrophages, thus providing a local supply of acetyl-CoA and increasing the generation of hyper-acetylated histone tails. Nitric oxide (NO), which is produced in large amounts in LPS-stimulated macrophages, inhibited both the activity of 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases and their association with Mediator. Consequently, NO reduced de novo histone acetylation at genomic regions with high acetyl-CoA deposition rates. Our findings indicate that a local supply of acetyl-CoA generated by Mediator-bound 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases is required to maximize acetylation of histone tails at sites of elevated HAT activity.
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Project description:Histone modifying enzymes depend on the availability of cofactors, with acetyl-CoA being required for histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity. The discovery that mitochondrial acyl-CoA producing enzymes are also delivered to the nucleus suggests that high concentrations of metabolites generated locally may impact acetylation of histones and other nuclear substrates and eventually control gene regulation. Here we show that 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases were stably associated with the Mediator complex in macrophages, thus providing a local supply of acetyl-CoA and increasing the generation of hyper-acetylated histone tails. Nitric oxide (NO), which is produced in large amounts in LPS-stimulated macrophages, inhibited both the activity of 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases and their association with Mediator. Consequently, NO reduced de novo histone acetylation at genomic regions with high acetyl-CoA deposition rates. Our findings indicate that a local supply of acetyl-CoA generated by Mediator-bound 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases is required to maximize acetylation of histone tails at sites of elevated HAT activity.
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Project description:Histone modifying enzymes depend on the availability of cofactors, with acetyl-CoA being required for histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity. The discovery that mitochondrial acyl-CoA producing enzymes are also delivered to the nucleus suggests that high concentrations of metabolites generated locally may impact acetylation of histones and other nuclear substrates and eventually control gene regulation. Here we show that 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases were stably associated with the Mediator complex in macrophages, thus providing a local supply of acetyl-CoA and increasing the generation of hyper-acetylated histone tails. Nitric oxide (NO), which is produced in large amounts in LPS-stimulated macrophages, inhibited both the activity of 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases and their association with Mediator. Consequently, NO reduced de novo histone acetylation at genomic regions with high acetyl-CoA deposition rates. Our findings indicate that a local supply of acetyl-CoA generated by Mediator-bound 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases is required to maximize acetylation of histone tails at sites of elevated HAT activity.
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