Single-cell transcriptome sequencing of macrophages in acute kidney injury(AKI) to chronic kidney dieases(CKD)
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PROVIDER: PRJNA998764 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Kidney transcriptome sequencing was applied to identify the top up-regulated genes in mice with AKI. The product of the top-ranked gene was identified in the tubular cells and urine both in mouse and human AKI. Data from two cohorts of patients with a prehospitalization estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 45ml/min/1.73m2 who survived for at least 90 days after AKI were used to derive and validate multivariable prediction models. AKI to CKD progression was defined as a persistent eGFR < 60ml/min/1.73m2 and with a minimum 25% reduction from baseline eGFR 90 days after AKI in patients with prehospitalization eGFR ≥ 60ml/min/1.73m2. AKI to advanced CKD was defined by a sustained reduction of eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73m2 90 days after AKI in those with prehospitalization eGFR 45-60ml/min/1.73m2. Kidney cytokeratin 20 (CK20) was significantly up-regulated in injured proximal tubular cells and detectable in urine within 7 days after AKI. High concentrations of urinary CK20 (uCK20) were independently associated with the severity of histological AKI and the risk of AKI to CKD or advanced CKD progression. In Test set, the AUC of uCK20 for predicting AKI to CKD or advanced CKD was 0.80, outperformed currently used biomarkers for detecting kidney tubular injury. Addition of uCK20 to an established clinical model significantly improved the ability for predicting AKI-CKD progression with an AUC of 0.90, and largely improved the risk reclassification.In conclusion This finding highlighted uCK20 as a novel and useful predictor for AKI-CKD progression, and may provide a tool to early identify patients at high risk of CKD following AKI.
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Project description:Kidneys have a limited ability to self-repair, and their response to injury not seldomly leads to chronic kidney disease (CKD). An intriguing phenomenon of successful recovery is observed in models of unilateral acute kidney injury (AKI) upon contralateral nephrectomy. Here we aimed to better understand the cellular mechanisms of this enhanced reparative effect.In a time-course study with different nephrectomy delay times, we found that the most effective rescue after injury was observed when contralateral nephrectomy was performed early during AKI in both rats and mice. This timely intervention led to full functional recovery and attenuation of tubular atrophy, fibrosis, and inflammation, averting AKI-to-CKD transition. Morphometry of histopathology using pathomics revealed distinct trajectories of structural alterations of kidney tubules, distinguishing between atrophy and repair, as adaptive signatures. These responses were corroborated by transcriptomics analysis, which indicated improved cellular energy metabolism after nephrectomy. Lineage tracing of tubular progenitor cells showed that nephrectomy robustly stimulated their clonal expansion, surpassing the levels observed during spontaneous self-repair. Live cell cycle/DNA-content analysis of tubular cells demonstrated a robust polyploid response immediately after the ischemic insult, and revealed that nephrectomy attenuated long term tubular cell polyploidization, a contributor to CKD. Altogether, our data revealed that early timing of nephrectomy in experimental AKI induces an efficient repair response, involving tubular epithelial regeneration while counteracting the progression towards CKD.
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Project description:Studies in animal models have suggested a linkage between the inflammatory response to injury and subsequent nephron loss during the acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) transition. Failure of normal repair during the CKD transition correlates with de novo expression of vascular cell adhesion protein-1 (VCAM-1) by a subset of injured proximal tubule cells. This study identified the role of VCAM-1 expression in promoting the failed repair state. Single-cell transcriptome analysis of patients with AKI and CKD and whole kidney RNA and protein analyses of mouse models of CKD confirmed a marked increase of VCAM-1 expression in the proximal tubules of injured kidneys. In immortalized mouse proximal tubular cells and primary cultured renal cells (PCRCs), VCAM-1 expression was induced by proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β. Analyses of bulk RNA sequencing of TNF-α-treated primary cultured renal cells or pseudo-bulk RNA sequencing of biopsies from Kidney Precision Medicine Project datasets indicated activation of NF-κB and an enrichment of inflammatory response and cell adhesion pathways in VCAM-1-positive cells. Pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB signaling or genetic deletion of myeloid differentiation factor 88 and TIR domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β suppressed TNF-α- and IL-1β-induced VCAM-1 expression in vitro. TNF-α stimulation or overexpression of VCAM-1 significantly increased splenocyte adhesion to the mouse proximal tubular monolayer in culture. These results demonstrate that persistence of proinflammatory cytokines after AKI can induce NF-κB-dependent VCAM-1 expression by proximal tubule cells, mediating increased immune cell adhesion to the tubule and thus promoting further tubule injury and greater risk of progression from AKI to CKD.
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