biostudies-literatureLee SNational Institute of Environmental Health SciencesNational Center for Advancing Translational SciencesOffice of Research on Women's HealthNational Center for Research ResourcesNIA NIH HHSNational Institute of Nursing ResearchNIEHS NIH HHSUniversity of California, San FranciscoNational Institutes of HealthNational Institute on AgingCenters for Disease Control and PreventionNIDDK NIH HHSU.S. Department of Health and Human ServicesNational Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthFoundation for the National Institutes of HealthNIOSH CDC HHSNINR NIH HHSIndiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute119164https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-EPMC9883839biostudies-literatureUnknown303Adipokines, cytokines secreted by adipose tissue, may contribute to obesity-related metabolic disease. The role of environmental phenols and parabens in racial difference in metabolic disease burden has been suggested, but there is limited evidence. We examined the cross-sectional associations of urinary phenols and parabens with adipokines and effect modification by race. Urinary concentrations of 6 phenols (bisphenol-A, bisphenol-F, 2,4-diclorophenol, 2,5-diclorophenol, triclosan, benzophenone-3) and 4 parabens (methyl-paraben, ethyl-paraben, propyl-paraben, butyl-paraben) were measured in 2002-2003 among 1200 women (mean age = 52.6) enrolled in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Multi-Pollutant Study. Serum adipokines included adiponectin, high molecular weight (HMW)-adiponectin, leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R). Linear regression models were used to estimate the adjusted percentage change in adipokines per inter-quantile range (IQR) increase in standardized and log-transformed levels of individual urinary phenols and parabens. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used to evaluate the joint effect of urinary phenols and parabens as mixtures. Participants included white (52.5%), black (19.3%), and Asian (28.1%) women. Urinary 2,4-dichlorophenol was associated with 6.02% (95% CI: 1.20%, 10.83%) higher HMW-adiponectin and urinary bisphenol-F was associated with 2.60% (0.48%, 4.71%) higher sOB-R. Urinary methyl-paraben was associated with lower leptin in all women but this association differed by race: 8.58% (-13.99%, -3.18%) lower leptin in white women but 11.68% (3.52%, 19.84%) higher leptin in black women (P interaction = 0.001). No significant associations were observed in Asian women. Additionally, we observed a significant positive overall effect of urinary phenols and parabens mixtures in relation to leptin levels in black, but not in white or Asian women. Urinary bisphenol-F, 2,4-dichlorophenol and methyl-paraben may be associated with favorable profiles of adipokines, but methyl-paraben, widely used in hair and personal care products, was associated with unfavorable leptin levels in black women. Future studies are needed to confirm this racial difference.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)Race-specific associations of urinary phenols and parabens with adipokines in midlife women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN).PMC9883839R01 ES026578U01AG012505U01AG012546U01 AG012546P30-ES017885T42 OH008455U01 AG012505U01 AG017719U01AG017719P30 ES017885T42-OH008455U01AG012554U01AG012553U01AG012531R01-ES026964U01NR004061U01AG012495UL1 RR024131U01 AG012554U01 AG012553U01AG012539U01 AG012531P30 DK092926R01 ES026964U01AG012535U01 AG012535U01 AG012539P30 AG024824U19AG063720R01 AG062622U19 AG063720U01 AG012495U01 NR004061R01-ES026578Lee SKarvonen-Gutierrez CMukherjee BHerman WHPark SKfalseRace-specific associations of urinary phenols and parabens with adipokines in midlife women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN).Adipokines, cytokines secreted by adipose tissue, may contribute to obesity-related metabolic disease. The role of environmental phenols and parabens in racial difference in metabolic disease burden has been suggested, but there is limited evidence. We examined the cross-sectional associations of urinary phenols and parabens with adipokines and effect modification by race. Urinary concentrations of 6 phenols (bisphenol-A, bisphenol-F, 2,4-diclorophenol, 2,5-diclorophenol, triclosan, benzophenone-3) and 4 parabens (methyl-paraben, ethyl-paraben, propyl-paraben, butyl-paraben) were measured in 2002-2003 among 1200 women (mean age = 52.6) enrolled in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Multi-Pollutant Study. Serum adipokines included adiponectin, high molecular weight (HMW)-adiponectin, leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R). Linear regression models were used to estimate the adjusted percentage change in adipokines per inter-quantile range (IQR) increase in standardized and log-transformed levels of individual urinary phenols and parabens. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used to evaluate the joint effect of urinary phenols and parabens as mixtures. Participants included white (52.5%), black (19.3%), and Asian (28.1%) women. Urinary 2,4-dichlorophenol was associated with 6.02% (95% CI: 1.20%, 10.83%) higher HMW-adiponectin and urinary bisphenol-F was associated with 2.60% (0.48%, 4.71%) higher sOB-R. Urinary methyl-paraben was associated with lower leptin in all women but this association differed by race: 8.58% (-13.99%, -3.18%) lower leptin in white women but 11.68% (3.52%, 19.84%) higher leptin in black women (P interaction = 0.001). No significant associations were observed in Asian women. Additionally, we observed a significant positive overall effect of urinary phenols and parabens mixtures in relation to leptin levels in black, but not in white or Asian women. Urinary bisphenol-F, 2,4-dichlorophenol and methyl-paraben may be associated with favorable profiles of adipokines, but methyl-paraben, widely used in hair and personal care products, was associated with unfavorable leptin levels in black women. Future studies are needed to confirm this racial difference.2022-01-01T00:00:00Z2022 Jun2024-12-03T16:54:29.515Z2024-12-03T16:54:29.515ZS-EPMC98838393530608810.1016/j.envpol.2022.119164