Project description:Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD), typically developing between the ages of 55 and 65 years, is a common neurodegenerative disorder caused by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons due to the accumulation of α-synuclein in the substantia nigra. Mitochondria are known to play a key role in cell respiratory function and bioenergetic. Indeed, mitochondrial dysfunction causes an insufficient energy production required to satisfy the needs of several organs, especially the nervous system. Material and methods: The present study explored the mRNA expression of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encoded respiratory chain (RC) subunits in PD patients by using the next generation sequencing analysis (NGS) and the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay for the confirmation of the NGS results. Results: All tested mitochondrial RC subunits was significantly over-expressed in subjects with PD compared to normal controls . In qRT-PCR the mean expression of all mitochondrial subunits had an expression level of at least 7 times compared to controls. Conclusion: The over-expression of mitochondrial subunits in PD subjects might be secondary to a degeneration-related alteration of the mitochondrial structure or dynamics or to the occurrence of a compensatory mechanism. The study of specific mRNA by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) may provide a better diagnostic frame to early detect PD cases.
Project description:mTRAN proteins are components of the plant mitochondrial small subunits, thought to bind the mRNA 5' regions to initiate translation. This experiment was designed to identify the mTRAN1 binding regions on the plant mitochondrial mRNAs
Project description:Chronic alcohol consumption may alter mRNA transcriptomic changes in reward-related brain regions, leading to neuroadaptations and thus increased risk of AUD. We used the Affymetrix Clariom™ D Assay Array to map mRNA transcriptome profiles in six reward-related regions of postmortem brains of AUD and control subjects and identified differentially expressed mRNAs.
Project description:MicroRNAs are useful biomarkers for various disease states, and their preservation in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue makes them particularly useful for clinicogenetic studies. Although global microRNA expression in FFPE samples is routinely measured with microarrays, the utility of RNA sequencing for such profiling has yet to be established. In this study, to appraise the suitability of RNA sequencing, microRNAs in RNA from pathologic stage I lung adenocarcinoma FFPE samples were quantified with 8x60K Agilent® SurePrint™ G3 Human miRNA 8x60k (release 16.0) microarray and Illumina® HiSeq™ 2000 sequencing platforms.
Project description:RNA stabilizing reagents have been developed to ensure that transcription profiles of whole blood samples reflect the physiological state at the time of the blood drawn. Ability to preserve and maintain the in vivo gene expression status ex vivo is essential for gene expression profiling and biomarker discovery from clinical sample material. We compared transcriptional profiles obtained from samples collected using two established peripheral blood RNA collection systems, TEMPUS™ and PAXgene™. We demonstrated that TEMPUS™ and PAXgene™ systems can be used in combination with RiboAmp® mRNA amplification without a need for a separate globin reduction step. However, use of samples collected through different blood collection methods in the same experiment should be avoided.
Project description:Blood was sampled from severe burns patients over time as well as healthy subjects. Genome-wide expression analyses were conducted using the Affymetrix U133 plus 2.0 GeneChip™. The Inflammation and the Host Response to Injury Large-Scale Collaborative Research Program Blood was sampled from 244 severe burns patients over time as well as 35 healthy subjects who consented to blood sampling. Study subjects were treated under standard operating procedures to minimize treatment variations. Patients had burns covering >20% of the total body surface area and were admitted within 96 hours of injury. Genome-wide expression analyses were conducted using the Affymetrix U133 plus 2.0 GeneChip™.
Project description:Several proteins have been linked to neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), but their molecular function is not completely understood. Here, we used quantitative interaction proteomics to identify binding partners of Amyloid beta precursor protein (APP) and Presenilin-1 (PSEN1) for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Huntingtin (HTT) for Huntington’s disease, Parkin-2 (PARK-2) for Parkinson’s disease and Ataxin-1 (ATXN-1) for spinocerebellar ataxia type 1. Our network reveals common signatures of protein degradation and misfolding and recapitulates known biology. Toxicity modifier screens and comparison to genome-wide association studies show that interaction partners are significantly linked to disease phenotypes in vivo. Direct comparison of wild-type proteins and disease-associated variants identified binders involved in pathogenesis, highlighting the value of differential interactome mapping. Finally, we show that the mitochondrial protein LRPPRC interacts preferentially with an early onset AD variant of APP. This interaction appears to induce mitochondrial dysfunction, which is an early phenotype of AD.
Project description:Fabry disease, an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by galactosidase alpha (GLA) gene mutations, exhibits diverse clinical manifestations, and poses significant diagnostic challenges. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improved patient outcomes, pressing the need for reliable biomarkers. In this study, we aimed to identify miRNA candidates as potential biomarkers for Fabry disease using the KingFisher™ automated isolation method and NanoString nCounter® miRNA detection assay. Clinical serum samples were collected from both healthy subjects and Fabry disease patients. RNA extraction from the samples was performed using the KingFisher™ automated isolation method with the MagMAX mirVana™ kit or manually using the Qiagen miRNeasy kit. The subsequent NanoString nCounter® miRNA detection assay showed consistent performance and no correlation between RNA input concentration and raw count, ensuring reliable and reproducible results. Interestingly, the detection range and highly differential miRNA between the control and disease groups were found to be distinct depending on the isolation method employed. Nevertheless, enrichment analysis of miRNA-targeting genes consistently revealed significant associations with angiogenesis pathways in both isolation methods. Additionally, our investigation into the impact of enzyme replacement therapy on miRNA expression indicated that some differential miRNAs may be sensitive to treatment. Our study provides valuable insights to identify miRNA biomarkers for Fabry disease. While different isolation methods yielded various detection ranges and highly differential miRNAs, the consistent association with angiogenesis pathways suggests their significance in disease progression. These findings lay the groundwork for further investigations and validation studies, ultimately leading to the development of non-invasive and reliable biomarkers to aid in early diagnosis and treatment monitoring for Fabry disease.