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Metabolomics,Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Transcription profiling of Mycobacterium bovis AN5 tuberculin production strain

ABSTRACT: Data is also available from http://bugs.sgul.ac.uk/E-BUGS-64

ORGANISM(S): Staphylococcus aureus

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PROVIDER: E-BUGS-64 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Gene expression profiling and antigen mining of the tuberculin production strain Mycobacterium bovis AN5.

Garcia Pelayo M Carmen MC Garcia Javier Nunez JN Golby Paul P Pirson Christopher C Ewer Katie K Vordermeier Martin M Hewinson R Glyn RG Gordon Stephen V SV

Veterinary microbiology 20080725 3

Control of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) relies on regular testing of cattle with a crude preparation of mycobacterial antigens termed purified protein derivative (PPD). Worldwide production of bovine PPD uses the Mycobacterium bovis AN5, a strain that was originally isolated circa 1948 in Great Britain (GB). Despite its worldwide use, the AN5 strain is poorly characterised. AN5 was adapted to grow on glycerol in a process similar to that used for the derivation of the BCG vaccine strains; during th ...[more]

PMID: 18760551

Similar Datasets

Responses of Staphylococcus aureus exposed to HCl and organic acid stress.

Project description:Staphylococcus aureus is an important food poisoning bacterium. In food preservation, acidification is a well-known method. Permeant weak organic acids, like lactic and acetic acids, are known to be more effective against bacteria than inorganic strong acids (e.g., HCl). Growth experiments and metabolic and transcriptional analyses were used to determine the responses of a food pathogenic S. aureus strain exposed to lactic acid, acetic acid, and HCl at pH 4.5. Lactic and acetic acid stress induced a slower transcriptional response and large variations in growth patterns compared with the responses induced by HCl. In cultures acidified with lactic acid, the pH of the medium gradually increased to 7.5 during growth, while no such increase was observed for bacteria exposed to acetic acid or HCl. Staphylococcus aureus increased the pH in the medium mainly through accumulation of ammonium and the removal of acid groups, resulting in increased production of diacetyl (2,3-butanedione) and pyrazines. The results showed flexible and versatile responses of S. aureus to different types of acid stress. As measured by growth inhibition, permeant organic acid stress introduced severe stress compared with the stress caused by HCl. Cells exposed to lactic acid showed specific mechanisms of action in addition to sharing many of the mechanisms induced by HCl stress. Data is also available from http://bugs.sgul.ac.uk/E-BUGS-87

2011-04-15 | E-BUGS-87 | biostudies-arrayexpress

The distribution of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in MRSA CC398 is associated with both host and country.

Project description:Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clonal complex (CC) 398 has emerged from pigs to cause human infections in Europe and North America. We used a new 62-strain S. aureus microarray (SAM-62) to compare genomes of isolates from three geographical areas (Belgium, Denmark, and Netherlands) to understand how CC398 colonizes different mammalian hosts. The core genomes of 44 pig isolates and 32 isolates from humans did not vary. However, mobile genetic element (MGE) distribution was variable including SCCmec. Phi3 bacteriophage and human specificity genes (chp, sak, scn) were found in invasive human but not pig isolates. SaPI5 and putative ruminant specificity gene variants (vwb and scn) were common but not pig specific. Virulence and resistance gene carriage was host associated but country specific. We conclude MGE exchange is frequent in CC398 and greatest among populations in close contact. This feature may help determine epidemiological associations among isolates of the same lineage. [Data is also available from http://bugs.sgul.ac.uk/E-BUGS-120]

2012-01-21 | E-BUGS-120 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Staphylococcus aureus CC398 Clade Associated with Human-to-Human Transmission

Project description:Staphylococcus aureus clonal complex 398 (CC398) isolates colonize livestock and can spread to human contacts. Genetic analysis of isolates epidemiologically associated with human-to-human, but not livestock, transmission in multiple countries and continents identified a common clade that was negative for tet(M) and positive for bacteriophage 3. Another group of human-to-human-transmitted isolates belonged to the common livestock-associated clade but had acquired a unique φ7 bacteriophage. [Data is also available from http://bugs.sgul.ac.uk/E-BUGS-124]

2012-10-29 | E-BUGS-124 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Detection of mobile-genetic-element variation between colonizing and infecting hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates.

Project description:Whole-genome analysis by 62-strain microarray showed variation in resistance and virulence genes on mobile genetic elements (MGEs) between 40 isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain CC22-SCCmecIV but also showed (i) detection of two previously unrecognized MRSA transmission events and (ii) that 7/8 patients were infected with a variant of their own colonizing isolate. [Data is also available from http://bugs.sgul.ac.uk/E-BUGS-128]

2012-10-29 | E-BUGS-128 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcription profiling of S. aureus (MRSA) clones with the same USA300 PFGE profile

Project description:Data is also available from http://bugs.sgul.ac.uk/E-BUGS-77

2009-10-12 | E-BUGS-77 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Comparative genomic hybridization of S. aureus to examine Genetic Diversity in CC398 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus of Different Geographic Origin.

Project description:Data is also available from <ahref=http://bugs.sgul.ac.uk/E-BUGS-84 target=_blank>BuG@Sbase</a>

2009-09-22 | E-BUGS-84 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcriptome Analysis of Responses to Rhodomyrtone in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Project description:Rhodomyrtone, purified from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk, exhibits a high degree of potency against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). We recently demonstrated that exposure of MRSA to a subinhibitory concentration (0.174 µg/ml) of rhodomyrtone resulted in the alteration of expression of several functional classes of bacterial proteins. To provide further insight into the antibacterial mode of action of this compound, we determined the impact of exposure to rhodomyrtone on the gene transcriptional profile of MRSA using microarray analysis. Exposure of MRSA to subinhibitory concentrations (0.5MIC; 0.5 µg/ml) of rhodomyrtone revealed significant modulation of gene expression, with induction of 64 genes and repression of 35 genes. Prominent changes in response to exposure to rhodomyrtone involved genes encoding proteins essential to metabolic pathways and processes such as amino acid metabolism, membrane function, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transportation and lipoprotein and nucleotide metabolism. Genes involved in the synthesis of the aspartate family of amino acids, in particular proteins encoded by the dap operon were prominent. The diaminopimelate (DAP) biosynthetic pathway is the precursor of lysine synthesis and is essential for peptidoglycan biosynthesis. However, phenotypic analysis of the peptidoglycan amino acid content of rhodomyrtone-treated MRSA did not differ significantly from that extracted from control cells. Genes involved in the biosynthesis of amino acids and peptidoglycan, and a high affinity ATP-driven K (+) transport system, were investigated by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) using EMRSA-16 1, 4, or 18 h after exposure to rhodomyrtone and in general the data concurred with that obtained by microarray, highlighting the relevance of the DAP biosynthetic pathway to the mode of action of rhodomyrtone. [Data is also available from http://bugs.sgul.ac.uk/E-BUGS-136]

2012-10-14 | E-BUGS-136 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcriptional profiling of Neisseria meningitidis Interacting with Human Epithelial Cells in a Long-Term In Vitro Colonization Model

Project description:Neisseria meningitidis is a commensal of humans that can colonize the nasopharyngeal epithelium for weeks to months and occasionally invades to cause life-threatening septicemia and meningitis. Comparatively little is known about meningococcal gene expression during colonization beyond those first few hours. In this study, the transcriptome of adherent serogroup B N. meningitidis strain MC58 was determined at intervals during prolonged cocultivation with confluent monolayers of the human respiratory epithelial cell line 16HBE14. At different time points up to 21 days, 7 to 14% of the meningococcal genome was found to be differentially regulated. The transcriptome of adherent meningococci obtained after 4 h of coculture was markedly different from that obtained after prolonged cocultivation (24 h, 96 h, and 21 days). Genes persistently upregulated during prolonged cocultivation included three genes (hfq, misR/phoP, and lrp) encoding global regulatory proteins. Many genes encoding known adhesins involved in epithelial adherence were upregulated, including those of a novel locus (spanning NMB0342 to NMB0348 [NMB0342-NMB0348]) encoding epithelial cell-adhesive function. Sixteen genes (including porA, porB, rmpM, and fbpA) encoding proteins previously identified by their immunoreactivity to sera from individuals colonized long term with serogroup B meningococci were also upregulated during prolonged cocultivation, indicating that our system models growth conditions in vivo during the commensal state. Surface-expressed proteins downregulated in the nasopharynx (and thus less subject to selection pressure) but upregulated in the bloodstream (and thus vulnerable to antibody-mediated bactericidal activity) should be interesting candidate vaccine antigens, and in this study, three new proteins fulfilling these criteria have been identified: NMB0497, NMB0866, and NMB1882. [Data is also available from http://bugs.sgul.ac.uk/E-BUGS-141]

2013-11-02 | E-BUGS-141 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Whole-genome comparison of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus CC22 SCCmecIV from people and their in-contact pets.

Project description:BACKGROUND: Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections remain important medical and veterinary challenges. The MRSA isolated from dogs and cats typically belong to dominant hospital-associated clones, in the UK mostly EMRSA-15 (CC22 SCCmecIV), suggesting original human-to-animal transmission. Nevertheless, little is known about host-specific genetic variation within the same S. aureus lineage. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: To identify host-specific variation amongst MRSA CC22 SCCmecIV by comparing isolates from pets with those from in-contact humans using whole-genome microarray. METHODS: Six pairs of MRSA CC22 SCCmecIV from human carriers (owners and veterinary staff) and their respective infected in-contact pets were compared using a 62-strain whole-genome S. aureus microarray (SAM-62). The presence of putative host-specific genes was subsequently determined in a larger number of human (n = 47) and pet isolates (n = 93) by PCR screening. RESULTS: Variation in mobile genetic elements (MGEs) occurred frequently and appeared largE: The variation found amongst MGEs highlights that genetic adaptation in MRSA continues. However, host-specific MGEs were not detected, which supports the hypothesis that pets may not be natural hosts of MRSA CC22 and emphasizes that rigorous hygiene measures are critical to prevent contamination and infection of dogs and cats. The host specificity of individual heavy-metal resistance genes warrants further investigation into different selection pressures in humans and animals.

2013-11-02 | E-BUGS-138 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcription profiling by array of Dominant Role of Nucleotide Substitution in the Diversification of Serotype 3 Pneumococci over Decades and during a Single Infection

Project description:Streptococcus pneumoniae of serotype 3 possess a mucoid capsule and cause disease associated with high mortality rates relative to other pneumococci. Phylogenetic analysis of a complete reference genome and 81 draft sequences from clonal complex 180, the predominant serotype 3 clone in much of the world, found most sampled isolates belonged to a clade affected by few diversifying recombinations. However, other isolates indicate significant genetic variation has accumulated over the clonal complex's entire history. Two closely related genomes, one from the blood and another from the cerebrospinal fluid, were obtained from a patient with meningitis. The pair differed in their behaviour in a mouse model of disease and in their susceptibility to antimicrobials, with at least some of these changes attributable to a mutation that up-regulated the patAB efflux pump. This indicates clinically important phenotypic variation can accumulate rapidly through small alterations to the genotype. [Data is also available from http://bugs.sgul.ac.uk/E-BUGS-144]

2013-11-02 | E-BUGS-144 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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