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RNA-seq of human AML patients analysing the kinase domains of 26 TK genes (11 receptor TK and 15 cytoplasmic TK) that are expressed in most AML patients, using genomic DNA from the bone marrow (tumor) and matched skin biopsy samples (germline) from 94 patients with de novo AML

ABSTRACT: Activating mutations in tyrosine kinase (TK) genes (e.g. FLT3 and KIT) are found in more than 30% of patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML); many groups have speculated that mutations in other TK genes may be present in the remaining 70%. We performed high-throughput re-sequencing of the kinase domains of 26 TK genes (11 receptor TK and 15 cytoplasmic TK) that are expressed in most AML patients, using genomic DNA from the bone marrow (tumor) and matched skin biopsy samples (germline) from 94 patients with de novo AML; sequence variants were validated in an additional 94 AML tumor samples (14.3 million base pairs of sequence were obtained and analyzed). We identified known somatic mutations in FLT3, KIT, and JAK2 TK genes at the expected frequencies, and found four novel somatic mutations, JAK1V623A, JAK1T478S, DDR1A803V and NTRK1S677N, once each in four respective patients out of 188 tested. We also identified novel germline sequence changes encoding amino acid substitutions (i.e. non-synonymous changes) in 14 TK genes, including TYK2, which had the largest number of non-synonymous sequence variants (11 total detected). Additional studies will be required to define the roles that these somatic and germline TK gene variants play in AML pathogenesis. Experiment Overall Design: 188 patient samples analysed

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Jacqueline Payton

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-10358 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Discovery and validation of expression data for the Genomics of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Program at Washington University

Project description:Activating mutations in tyrosine kinase (TK) genes (e.g. FLT3 and KIT) are found in more than 30% of patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML); many groups have speculated that mutations in other TK genes may be present in the remaining 70%. We performed high-throughput re-sequencing of the kinase domains of 26 TK genes (11 receptor TK and 15 cytoplasmic TK) that are expressed in most AML patients, using genomic DNA from the bone marrow (tumor) and matched skin biopsy samples (germline) from 94 patients with de novo AML; sequence variants were validated in an additional 94 AML tumor samples (14.3 million base pairs of sequence were obtained and analyzed). We identified known somatic mutations in FLT3, KIT, and JAK2 TK genes at the expected frequencies, and found four novel somatic mutations, JAK1V623A, JAK1T478S, DDR1A803V and NTRK1S677N, once each in four respective patients out of 188 tested. We also identified novel germline sequence changes encoding amino acid substitutions (i.e. non-synonymous changes) in 14 TK genes, including TYK2, which had the largest number of non-synonymous sequence variants (11 total detected). Additional studies will be required to define the roles that these somatic and germline TK gene variants play in AML pathogenesis. In this ongoing study, we have performed high-throughput sequencing of whole genomes, exomes, and transcriptomes, as well as SNP and expression microarrays, and methylation microarrays, using genomic DNA or RNA from the bone marrow (tumor) and matched skin biopsy samples (germline) from over 300 patients with de novo AML. These samples are also part of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) study of AML.

2008-02-12 | GSE10358 | GEO

Clostridium pasteurianum TK strain:TK

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Resistance to TFT by decreased TK or overexpression of sPLA2

Project description:Trifluorothymidine (TFT) is part of the novel oral formulation TAS-102, which is currently evaluated in phase II studies. Drug resistance is an important limitation of cancer therapy. The aim of the present study was to induce resistance in the colon cancer cell line H630 using two different exposure schedules and to analyze the resistance mechanism. Cells were exposed either continuously or intermittently to TFT, resulting in H630-cTFT and H630-4TFT, respectively. Cells were analyzed for cross resistance, cell cycle, protein expression and activity of thymidine phosphorylase (TP), thymidine kinase (TK) and thymidylate synthase (TS), gene expression (microarray) and genomic alterations (array CGH). Both cell lines were cross-resistant to 2’-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (>170-fold). Exposure to IC75-TFT increased the S- and G2/M-phase of H630 cells, while in the resistant variants no change was observed. The two main target enzymes TS and TP remained unchanged in both TFT-resistant variants. In H630-4TFT cells, TK protein expression and activity were decreased, possibly related to an aberrant TK protein, clearly resulting in less activated TFT and most likely the mechanism of TFT resistance. Surprisingly, in H630-cTFT microarray analysis revealed a strong increase in mRNA levels of secretory phospholipase-A2 (sPLA2; 47-fold), which was also found by RT-PCR (211 fold increase). Inhibition of sPLA2 reversed TFT resistance partially. In addition, H630-cTFT had many chromosomal aberrations, but the exact role of sPLA2 in TFT-resistance remains unclear. Altogether, induction of resistance to TFT can lead to different mechanisms of resistance, including decreased TK protein expression and enzyme activity, as well as (phospho)lipid metabolism.

2010-06-15 | GSE18137 | GEO

Acquired TET2 mutation-linked clonal hematopoiesis in FPD/AML patient led to the development of pre-leukemic clone resulting independently in T2-ALL and AML-M0.

Project description:Germline RUNX1 mutations are found in familial platelet disorders with predisposition to acute myelogenous leukemia (FPD/AML). This very rare disease is characterized by thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction and a 35% lifetime risk of developing MDS/AML and in rare cases also T-ALL. Here, we focus on a case of a man with a familial history of RUNX1 R174Q mutation who developed at the age of 42 years an EGIL T2-ALL and two years after remission an AML-M0. To investigate whether initial and relapsed leukemic blasts originated from the same clone, we performed CGH array and WES on both blasts populations. In both T2-ALL and AML-M0 samples, CGH array revealed loss of 1p36.32-23 and 17q11.2 and nine other small deletions. Both AML-M0 and T2-ALL demonstrated clonal rearrangements of both TCR (V9-J1-1) and TCR (D2-J1 and D2-J3). 18 genes were found by WES to be mutated in the original clone at a frequency of more than 40%. Additional variants were identified only in T2-ALL or in AML-M0 evoking the existence of a common original clone. MiSeq technology performed on peripheral blood-derived CD34+ cells five years prior T2-ALL development revealed only missense TET2 P1962T mutation at a frequency of 1% suggesting that this mutation in association with germline RUNX1 R174Q mutation led to amplification of a hematopoietic clone susceptible to acquire other transforming alterations. Identification of clonal hematopoiesis with acquired mutations at low frequency in hematopoietic progenitors before leukemia development could clearly serve as a marker of pre-leukemic state and might be helpful in patient care.

2017-07-05 | E-MTAB-4679 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Acquired TET2 mutation-linked clonal hematopoiesis in FPD/AML patient led to the development of pre-leukemic clone resulting independently in T2-ALL and AML-M0

Project description:Germline RUNX1 mutations are found in familial platelet disorders with predisposition to acute myelogenous leukemia (FPD/AML). This very rare disease is characterized by thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction and a 35% lifetime risk of developing MDS/AML and in rare cases also T-ALL. Here, we focus on a case of a man with a familial history of RUNX1 R174Q mutation who developed at the age of 42 years an EGIL T2-ALL and, two years after remission, an AML-M0. To investigate whether initial and relapsed leukemic blasts originated from the same clone, we performed CGH array and WES on both blasts populations. In both T2-ALL and AML-M0 samples, CGH array revealed loss of 1p36.32-23 and 17q11.2 and nine other small deletions. Both AML-M0 and T2-ALL blasts demonstrated clonal rearrangements of both TCRÎ³ (VÎ³9-JÎ³1-1) and TCRÎ´ (DÎ´2-JÎ´1 and DÎ´2-JÎ´3). 18 genes were found by WES to be mutated in both blasts at a frequency of more than 40%. Additional variants were identified only in T2-ALL or in AML-M0 evoking the existence of a common original clone, which gave rise to subclonal populations. MiSeq technology performed on peripheral blood-derived CD34+ cells five years prior T2-ALL development revealed only missense TET2 P1962T mutation at a frequency of 1% (which reaches a frequency of 50 % in fully transformed leukemic clone) suggesting that this mutation in association with germline RUNX1 R174Q mutation led to amplification of a hematopoietic clone susceptible to acquire other transforming alterations. Identification of clonal hematopoiesis with acquired mutations at low frequency in hematopoietic progenitors before leukemia development could clearly serve as a marker of pre-leukemic state and be helpful in patient care.

2017-06-29 | E-MTAB-4623 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Expression profiling of WT and aSMA-TK wounds

Project description:RNA was isolated from WT and aSMA-TK wounds at day 6 and day 17 post-wounding

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Comparative analysis of gene expression profiles between the ovary treated with or without Ci-TK

Project description:Tachykinins (TKs) and their receptors have been shown to be expressed in the mammalian ovary. However, the biological roles for ovarian TKs have yet to be verified. Ci-TK and Ci-TK-R, characterized from the protochordate (ascidian), Ciona intestinalis, are prototypes of vertebrate TKs and their receptors. In the present study, we show a novel biological function of TKs as an inducible factor for oocyte growth using C. intestinalis as a model animal. Immunostaining demonstrated the specific expression of Ci-TK-R in test cells residing in oocytes at the vitellogenic stage. DNA microarray and real-time PCR substantiated that Ci-TK induced gene expression of several proteases including cathepsin D, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase B2 and functionally unidentified lectins or glycosidases in the ovary. The enzymatic activities of the above proteases in the ovary were also shown to be enhanced by Ci-TK. Of particular significance is that treatment of Ciona oocytes with Ci-TK resulted in progression of growth from the vitellogenic stage to the post-vitellogenic stage, which was completely blocked by a TK antagonist or protease inhibitors. These results led to the conclusion that Ci-TK enhances growth of the vitellogenic oocytes via up-regulation of gene expression and enzymatic activities of the proteases. Keywords: tachykinins, ovary

2008-08-19 | GSE8821 | GEO

CEA_SGF:E00008#transgenic_IIb-tk

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Project description:Systematic mutagenesis has revealed that synonymous, non-synonymous and intronic mutations frequently alter the inclusion levels of alternatively spliced exons, suggesting that altered splicing might be a common mechanism by which mutations cause disease. However, most exons expressed in any cell are highly-included in mature mRNAs. Here, by performing deep mutagenesis of highly-included exons and by analysing the association between sequence variation and exon inclusion across the genome, we report that mutations only very rarely alter the inclusion of highly-included exons. This is true for both exonic and intronic mutations as well as for perturbations in trans. Therefore, mutations that affect splicing are not evenly distributed across the genome but are focussed in and around alternatively spliced exons with intermediate inclusion levels. These results provide a resource for prioritising synonymous and other variants as disease-causing mutations.

2020-06-29 | GSE151942 | GEO

NP-18 vs. NP-18AR transcriptional profile upon treatment with TK/GCV

Project description:Pancreatic cancer-derived cells NP-18 underwent four rounds of treatment with increasing doses of an adenoviral vector encoding TK enzyme and GCV. Surviving cells were termed NP-18AR and displayed decreased sensitivity to treatment. This experiment analyses the transcriptomic effect of TK/GCV treatment on NP-18AR as compared to that of NP-18 cells.

2010-07-16 | GSE17137 | GEO

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