Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Domestication and growth hormone transgenesis cause similar changes in gene expression profiles in coho salmon

ABSTRACT: By directly comparing gene expression in wild type, domestic, and GH transgenic strains of salmon, we have found that domestication and GH transgenesis are modifying similar genetic pathways. Genes in many different physiological pathways show modified expression in domestic and GH transgenic strains relative to wild-type, but effects are strongly correlated. Genes specifically involved in growth regulation (IGF-I, GHR, IGF-II, THR) are also concordantly regulated in domestic and transgenic fish, and both strains show elevated levels of circulating IGF-I. Muscle expression of GH in nontransgenic strains was found to be elevated in domesticated fish relative to wild type, providing a possible mechanism for growth enhancement. These data have implications for genetic improvement of existing domesticated species as well as regulation of emerging transgenic strains. Keywords: Expression profiling by array Microarray analyses were performed on four or five individual fish per group of wild type, domesticated, and GH transgenic salmon hybridized (one slide per individual) against a common wild-type RNA pool.

ORGANISM(S): Oncorhynchus kisutch

SUBMITTER: Matthew Rise

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-13846 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Publications

Domestication and growth hormone transgenesis cause similar changes in gene expression in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch).

Devlin Robert H RH Sakhrani Dionne D Tymchuk Wendy E WE Rise Matthew L ML Goh Benjamin B

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20090217 9

Domestication has been extensively used in agricultural animals to modify phenotypes such as growth rate. More recently, transgenesis of growth factor genes [primarily growth hormone (GH)] has also been explored as a rapid approach to accelerating performance of agricultural species. Growth rates of many fishes respond dramatically to GH gene transgenesis, whereas genetic engineering of domestic mammalian livestock has resulted in relatively modest gains. The most dramatic effects of GH transgen ...[more]

PMID: 19223591

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Project description:Growth rate can be genetically modified in many vertebrates by domestication and selection, and more recently by transgenesis overexpressing growth factor genes (e.g. growth hormone, GH). While the phenotypic end consequence is similar, it is currently not clear whether the same modifications to physiological pathways are occurring in both genetic processes, nor to what extent they may interact when combined. To examine these questions, we have used rainbow trout as a model species because non-domesticated wild strains are available as comparators to assess genetic and physiological changes that have arisen from domestication and from GH transgenesis. In addition to pure wild and pure domesticated strains, two different GH transgenes with markedly different growth effects were examined, both in a wild background and in hybrids which combined domesticated and wild genomes in addition to the transgene. We find that liver mRNAs show highly concordant changes in levels in both types of fast-growing fish, relative to wild type, for both up- and down-regulated genes. Further, among domesticated, transgenic, and their hybrid genotypes, a strong positive correlation was found between growth rate and the number of genes affected or their levels of mRNA. Functional analysis found that genes involved in immune function, carbohydrate metabolism, detoxification, transcription regulation, growth regulation, and lipid metabolism were affected in common by domestication and GH transgenesis. The common responses of domesticated and GH transgenic strains is consistent with the GH pathway or its downstream effects being upregulated in domesticated animals during their modification from wild-type growth rates. Microarray analyses were performed on five individual rainbow trout per group of pure wild, pure domesticated, GH transgenic strain 1 in wild, GH transgenic strain 2 in wild, GH transgenic strain 1 in wild-domestic hybrid, and GH transgenic strain 2 in wild-domestic hybrid hybridized (one slide per individual) against a common wild-type RNA pool.

Dataset Information

Domestication and growth hormone transgenesis cause similar changes in gene expression profiles in coho salmon

Publications

Domestication and growth hormone transgenesis cause similar changes in gene expression in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch).

Similar Datasets

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