Domestication and growth hormone transgenesis cause similar changes in gene expression profiles in coho salmon
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Salmo salar Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Osmerus mordax Oncorhynchus kisutch Oncorhynchus mykiss Coregonus clupeaformis
PROVIDER: GSE13846 | GEO | 2009/03/09
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA110525
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:By directly comparing gene expression in wild type, domestic, and GH transgenic strains of salmon, we have found that domestication and GH transgenesis are modifying similar genetic pathways. Genes in many different physiological pathways show modified expression in domestic and GH transgenic strains relative to wild-type, but effects are strongly correlated. Genes specifically involved in growth regulation (IGF-I, GHR, IGF-II, THR) are also concordantly regulated in domestic and transgenic fish, and both strains show elevated levels of circulating IGF-I. Muscle expression of GH in nontransgenic strains was found to be elevated in domesticated fish relative to wild type, providing a possible mechanism for growth enhancement. These data have implications for genetic improvement of existing domesticated species as well as regulation of emerging transgenic strains. Keywords: Expression profiling by array Microarray analyses were performed on four or five individual fish per group of wild type, domesticated, and GH transgenic salmon hybridized (one slide per individual) against a common wild-type RNA pool.
2009-03-08 | E-GEOD-13846 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Growth rate can be genetically modified in many vertebrates by domestication and selection, and more recently by transgenesis overexpressing growth factor genes (e.g. growth hormone, GH). While the phenotypic end consequence is similar, it is currently not clear whether the same modifications to physiological pathways are occurring in both genetic processes, nor to what extent they may interact when combined. To examine these questions, we have used rainbow trout as a model species because non-domesticated wild strains are available as comparators to assess genetic and physiological changes that have arisen from domestication and from GH transgenesis. In addition to pure wild and pure domesticated strains, two different GH transgenes with markedly different growth effects were examined, both in a wild background and in hybrids which combined domesticated and wild genomes in addition to the transgene. We find that liver mRNAs show highly concordant changes in levels in both types of fast-growing fish, relative to wild type, for both up- and down-regulated genes. Further, among domesticated, transgenic, and their hybrid genotypes, a strong positive correlation was found between growth rate and the number of genes affected or their levels of mRNA. Functional analysis found that genes involved in immune function, carbohydrate metabolism, detoxification, transcription regulation, growth regulation, and lipid metabolism were affected in common by domestication and GH transgenesis. The common responses of domesticated and GH transgenic strains is consistent with the GH pathway or its downstream effects being upregulated in domesticated animals during their modification from wild-type growth rates. Microarray analyses were performed on five individual rainbow trout per group of pure wild, pure domesticated, GH transgenic strain 1 in wild, GH transgenic strain 2 in wild, GH transgenic strain 1 in wild-domestic hybrid, and GH transgenic strain 2 in wild-domestic hybrid hybridized (one slide per individual) against a common wild-type RNA pool.
2013-12-03 | E-GEOD-47562 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Growth rate can be genetically modified in many vertebrates by domestication and selection, and more recently by transgenesis overexpressing growth factor genes (e.g. growth hormone, GH). While the phenotypic end consequence is similar, it is currently not clear whether the same modifications to physiological pathways are occurring in both genetic processes, nor to what extent they may interact when combined. To examine these questions, we have used rainbow trout as a model species because non-domesticated wild strains are available as comparators to assess genetic and physiological changes that have arisen from domestication and from GH transgenesis. In addition to pure wild and pure domesticated strains, two different GH transgenes with markedly different growth effects were examined, both in a wild background and in hybrids which combined domesticated and wild genomes in addition to the transgene. We find that liver mRNAs show highly concordant changes in levels in both types of fast-growing fish, relative to wild type, for both up- and down-regulated genes. Further, among domesticated, transgenic, and their hybrid genotypes, a strong positive correlation was found between growth rate and the number of genes affected or their levels of mRNA. Functional analysis found that genes involved in immune function, carbohydrate metabolism, detoxification, transcription regulation, growth regulation, and lipid metabolism were affected in common by domestication and GH transgenesis. The common responses of domesticated and GH transgenic strains is consistent with the GH pathway or its downstream effects being upregulated in domesticated animals during their modification from wild-type growth rates.
2013-12-03 | GSE47562 | GEO
Project description:Domestication has produced faster-growing strains of animals for use in agriculture, but selection has been applied with little knowledge of the underlying genetic changes that arose throughout the process. Mammals and birds have been domesticated for thousands of years whereas fish have been domesticated only recently; therefore, wild progenitor strains remain for comparison. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) have undergone intensive selection and domesticated strains grow more rapidly than extant wild strains. To assess physiological pathways altered by domestication, whole-genome mRNA expression was measured in brain, muscle and liver of size-matched domestic and wild trout using a 16K (cGRASP) salmonid microarray. A large number of genes differed between strains, ranging from 3% of genes in brain to 9% in muscle. Domestic fish had more down-regulated genes in the brain relative to wild fish, whereas more genes were up-regulated in domestic liver and muscle. Relative to wild fish, there was a down-regulation of cell division and an up-regulation of structural genes in the brain of domestic fish. In liver from domestic fish, there was an up-regulation of genes related to transport with a down-regulation of lipid binding. Analysis of the functional categories for muscle indicated that most pathways, including pathways related to metabolism and catabolism, were up-regulated in domestic fish. Comparison of these results to other genomic studies on transgenic, domestic and wild salmonids suggests that similar physiological pathways are altered systemically to support faster rates of growth, regardless of the underlying genetic alteration that has caused the altered growth.
2009-07-03 | GSE16901 | GEO
Project description:Domestication has produced faster-growing strains of animals for use in agriculture, but selection has been applied with little knowledge of the underlying genetic changes that arose throughout the process. Mammals and birds have been domesticated for thousands of years whereas fish have been domesticated only recently; therefore, wild progenitor strains remain for comparison. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) have undergone intensive selection and domesticated strains grow more rapidly than extant wild strains. To assess physiological pathways altered by domestication, whole-genome mRNA expression was measured in brain, muscle and liver of size-matched domestic and wild trout using a 16K (cGRASP) salmonid microarray. A large number of genes differed between strains, ranging from 3% of genes in brain to 9% in muscle. Domestic fish had more down-regulated genes in the brain relative to wild fish, whereas more genes were up-regulated in domestic liver and muscle. Relative to wild fish, there was a down-regulation of cell division and an up-regulation of structural genes in the brain of domestic fish. In liver from domestic fish, there was an up-regulation of genes related to transport with a down-regulation of lipid binding. Analysis of the functional categories for muscle indicated that most pathways, including pathways related to metabolism and catabolism, were up-regulated in domestic fish. Comparison of these results to other genomic studies on transgenic, domestic and wild salmonids suggests that similar physiological pathways are altered systemically to support faster rates of growth, regardless of the underlying genetic alteration that has caused the altered growth.
2009-07-03 | GSE16897 | GEO
Project description:Domestication has produced faster-growing strains of animals for use in agriculture, but selection has been applied with little knowledge of the underlying genetic changes that arose throughout the process. Mammals and birds have been domesticated for thousands of years whereas fish have been domesticated only recently; therefore, wild progenitor strains remain for comparison. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) have undergone intensive selection and domesticated strains grow more rapidly than extant wild strains. To assess physiological pathways altered by domestication, whole-genome mRNA expression was measured in brain, muscle and liver of size-matched domestic and wild trout using a 16K (cGRASP) salmonid microarray. A large number of genes differed between strains, ranging from 3% of genes in brain to 9% in muscle. Domestic fish had more down-regulated genes in the brain relative to wild fish, whereas more genes were up-regulated in domestic liver and muscle. Relative to wild fish, there was a down-regulation of cell division and an up-regulation of structural genes in the brain of domestic fish. In liver from domestic fish, there was an up-regulation of genes related to transport with a down-regulation of lipid binding. Analysis of the functional categories for muscle indicated that most pathways, including pathways related to metabolism and catabolism, were up-regulated in domestic fish. Comparison of these results to other genomic studies on transgenic, domestic and wild salmonids suggests that similar physiological pathways are altered systemically to support faster rates of growth, regardless of the underlying genetic alteration that has caused the altered growth.
2009-07-03 | GSE16889 | GEO
Project description:Domestication has produced faster-growing strains of animals for use in agriculture, but selection has been applied with little knowledge of the underlying genetic changes that arose throughout the process. Mammals and birds have been domesticated for thousands of years whereas fish have been domesticated only recently; therefore, wild progenitor strains remain for comparison. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) have undergone intensive selection and domesticated strains grow more rapidly than extant wild strains. To assess physiological pathways altered by domestication, whole-genome mRNA expression was measured in brain, muscle and liver of size-matched domestic and wild trout using a 16K (cGRASP) salmonid microarray. A large number of genes differed between strains, ranging from 3% of genes in brain to 9% in muscle. Domestic fish had more down-regulated genes in the brain relative to wild fish, whereas more genes were up-regulated in domestic liver and muscle. Relative to wild fish, there was a down-regulation of cell division and an up-regulation of structural genes in the brain of domestic fish. In liver from domestic fish, there was an up-regulation of genes related to transport with a down-regulation of lipid binding. Analysis of the functional categories for muscle indicated that most pathways, including pathways related to metabolism and catabolism, were up-regulated in domestic fish. Comparison of these results to other genomic studies on transgenic, domestic and wild salmonids suggests that similar physiological pathways are altered systemically to support faster rates of growth, regardless of the underlying genetic alteration that has caused the altered growth. Microarray analyses were performed on six individual fish per group of wild type and domestic rainbow trout hybridized (one slide per individual) against a common wild-type RNA pool.
2010-05-16 | E-GEOD-16901 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Domestication has produced faster-growing strains of animals for use in agriculture, but selection has been applied with little knowledge of the underlying genetic changes that arose throughout the process. Mammals and birds have been domesticated for thousands of years whereas fish have been domesticated only recently; therefore, wild progenitor strains remain for comparison. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) have undergone intensive selection and domesticated strains grow more rapidly than extant wild strains. To assess physiological pathways altered by domestication, whole-genome mRNA expression was measured in brain, muscle and liver of size-matched domestic and wild trout using a 16K (cGRASP) salmonid microarray. A large number of genes differed between strains, ranging from 3% of genes in brain to 9% in muscle. Domestic fish had more down-regulated genes in the brain relative to wild fish, whereas more genes were up-regulated in domestic liver and muscle. Relative to wild fish, there was a down-regulation of cell division and an up-regulation of structural genes in the brain of domestic fish. In liver from domestic fish, there was an up-regulation of genes related to transport with a down-regulation of lipid binding. Analysis of the functional categories for muscle indicated that most pathways, including pathways related to metabolism and catabolism, were up-regulated in domestic fish. Comparison of these results to other genomic studies on transgenic, domestic and wild salmonids suggests that similar physiological pathways are altered systemically to support faster rates of growth, regardless of the underlying genetic alteration that has caused the altered growth. Microarray analyses were performed on nine individual fish per group of wild type and domestic rainbow trout hybridized (one slide per individual) against a common wild-type RNA pool.
2010-05-16 | E-GEOD-16889 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Domestication has produced faster-growing strains of animals for use in agriculture, but selection has been applied with little knowledge of the underlying genetic changes that arose throughout the process. Mammals and birds have been domesticated for thousands of years whereas fish have been domesticated only recently; therefore, wild progenitor strains remain for comparison. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) have undergone intensive selection and domesticated strains grow more rapidly than extant wild strains. To assess physiological pathways altered by domestication, whole-genome mRNA expression was measured in brain, muscle and liver of size-matched domestic and wild trout using a 16K (cGRASP) salmonid microarray. A large number of genes differed between strains, ranging from 3% of genes in brain to 9% in muscle. Domestic fish had more down-regulated genes in the brain relative to wild fish, whereas more genes were up-regulated in domestic liver and muscle. Relative to wild fish, there was a down-regulation of cell division and an up-regulation of structural genes in the brain of domestic fish. In liver from domestic fish, there was an up-regulation of genes related to transport with a down-regulation of lipid binding. Analysis of the functional categories for muscle indicated that most pathways, including pathways related to metabolism and catabolism, were up-regulated in domestic fish. Comparison of these results to other genomic studies on transgenic, domestic and wild salmonids suggests that similar physiological pathways are altered systemically to support faster rates of growth, regardless of the underlying genetic alteration that has caused the altered growth. Microarray analyses were performed on seven individual fish per group of wild type and domestic rainbow trout hybridized (one slide per individual) against a common wild-type RNA pool.
2010-05-16 | E-GEOD-16897 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:A 44K salmonid oligoarray was used to examine the influence of genotype and developmental stage on mRNA expression in wild-type (age matched and size matched to domesticated), domesticated and wild-domesticated hybrid populations. Significant differences were found in mRNA expression between genotypes. The largest proportion of differentially expressed mRNAs were found in comparisons of domesticated and wild-type groups. Significant differences were also noted in pairings of wild-domesticated hybrid progeny to both parental strains. Differences in gene expression were found in comparison of both wild-type age and size matched to each other and in combination with genotype analysis, showing a strong effect of fish developmental stage on differential gene expression. Domestication was found to modify biological pathways associated with transport, metabolism, cell tissue structure and development, stress and immune response and protein synthesis. Genotype analysis of hybrid progeny inheritance patterns showed similar levels of recessive, dominant and additive effects. Microarray analysis was performed on liver RNA from 6 individual fish per group of age-matched wild, size-matched wild, domesticated and wild-domesticated hybrids. Samples were hybridized against a common wild-type reference pool (n=6 wild size-matched fish). One individual from each of the groups was hybridized to one array on each of the individual slides (n=6) in the order of domestic, hybrid, age-matched wild and size-matched wild. In total, 6 4x44K oligoarray slides were used to complete the study.
2013-03-18 | E-GEOD-45151 | biostudies-arrayexpress