Meiotic time course: open chromatin and expression profile
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Saccharomyces cerevisiae SK1
SUBMITTER: Sean Hanlon
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-18256 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
Publications
A positive but complex association between meiotic double-strand break hotspots and open chromatin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Berchowitz Luke E LE Hanlon Sean E SE Lieb Jason D JD Copenhaver Gregory P GP
Genome research 20091002 12
During meiosis, chromatin undergoes extensive changes to facilitate recombination, homolog pairing, and chromosome segregation. To investigate the relationship between chromatin organization and meiotic processes, we used formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements (FAIRE) to map open chromatin during the transition from mitosis to meiosis in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found that meiosis-induced opening of chromatin is associated with meiotic DSB hotpots. The posit ...[more]
Similar Datasets
Project description:To investigate the dynamics of the meiotic transcriptome and to ensure meiotic synchrony of our samples, we measured RNA abundance in vegetative cells, respiratory (pre-meiotic) cells and in synchronously sporulating cells at various times after transfer to sporulation media (SM). SK1 yeast strain SHy002 (MATa/MATα ho::LYS2/ho::LYS2 leu2::hisG/leu2::hisG lys2/lys2 ura3/ura3)<br> Meiotic Time Course with samples collected during vegetative growth (YPD), respiratory growth (pre-meiotic/YPA 8 hours) and 0 hr, 1.5hr, 3hr, 4.5hr, 6hr, 9hr and 12hr after transfer to sporulation media (SM).<br> 3 separate biological replicates were used for each condition/time-point.<br> Total RNA from each sample was hybridized competitively with a genomic DNA common reference.<br> The expression analysis was carried out from the same biological samples as the FAIRE analysis.<br>
2010-05-22 | E-GEOD-18181 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To investigate transcriptome dynamics during the transition from vegetative growth to meiosis, we measured RNA abundance in vegetative cells (YPD), respiratory cells (pre-meiotic/YPA 8 hours), and in cells undergoing synchronous meiosis/sporulation in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. There is growing recognition that the binding of a transcription factor near a gene does not always indicate regulatory function, and further that a single factor may function to either activate or repress its targets depending on the cellular context. We examined these issues through a series of experiments involving the S. cerevisiae transcription factor Rap1, and its function throughout critical metabolic and developmental transitions between vegetative growth, respiratory growth, meiosis and sporulation. We simultaneously monitored the expression of all genes and the genomic binding locations of Rap1 throughout the timecourse. Genes downstream of Rap1 binding were activated and repressed dynamically, but a change - or lack of change - in Rap1 binding status was not predictive of activation, repression, or no change in regulation. Despite this, we show that Rap1 is required, at a given point in time, for both activation and repression of different gene targets, within the same cell. Specification of the transcriptional consequences of Rap1 binding is thus highly promoter-specific. The presence of other transcription factor binding motifs, the subtype of Rap1 motif, and the underlying chromatin structure of the promoter cannot fully account for the observed transcriptional outcomes. There is a better accounting for the dynamic binding behavior of Rap1 including specification of an expanded meiotic target set through a Tup1- dependent nucleosome-loss mechanism. The variable and dynamic association between binding and transcription in this simple unicellular system portends a similarly volatile relationship in more complex eukaryotes. Biological interpretations of transcription factor occupancy should be made cautiously and in conjunction with supporting data obtained under the precise condition of interest. SK1 yeast strain SHy002 (MATa/MATα ho::LYS2/ho::LYS2 leu2::hisG/leu2::hisG lys2/lys2 ura3/ura3). Meiosis timecourse with samples collected during vegetative growth (YPD), respiratory growth (pre-meiotic/YPA 8 hours) and 0 hr, 1.5hr, 3hr, 4.5hr, 6hr, 9hr and 12hr after transfer to sporulation media (SM). 7 separate biological replicates were used for each condition/time-point. Labeled total RNA from each sample and a labeled genomic DNA common reference were competitively hybridized to yeast whole genome PCR based spotted arrays (resolution ~1kb). The Rap1 ChIP, RNA abundance/expression analysis, and FAIRE analysis were all carried out on the same biological samples.
2016-09-01 | E-GEOD-75257 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To investigate the impact of Rap1 binding on nearby gene expression during the transition from vegetative growth to meiosis, we measured RNA abundance in cells depleted (plus doxycycline) or not depleted (minus doxycycline) of Rap1. RNA abundance was measured in depleted and non-depleted condition in respiratory cells (pre-meiotic/YPA 20 hours) and in cells undergoing synchronous meiosis/sporulation in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. There is growing recognition that the binding of a transcription factor near a gene does not always indicate regulatory function, and further that a single factor may function to either activate or repress its targets depending on the cellular context. We examined these issues through a series of experiments involving the S. cerevisiae transcription factor Rap1, and its function throughout critical metabolic and developmental transitions between vegetative growth, respiratory growth, meiosis and sporulation. We simultaneously monitored the expression of all genes and the genomic binding locations of Rap1 throughout the timecourse. Genes downstream of Rap1 binding were activated and repressed dynamically, but a change - or lack of change - in Rap1 binding status was not predictive of activation, repression, or no change in regulation. Despite this, we show that Rap1 is required, at a given point in time, for both activation and repression of different gene targets, within the same cell. Specification of the transcriptional consequences of Rap1 binding is thus highly promoter-specific. The presence of other transcription factor binding motifs, the subtype of Rap1 motif, and the underlying chromatin structure of the promoter cannot fully account for the observed transcriptional outcomes. There is a better accounting for the dynamic binding behavior of Rap1 including specification of an expanded meiotic target set through a Tup1- dependent nucleosome-loss mechanism. The variable and dynamic association between binding and transcription in this simple unicellular system portends a similarly volatile relationship in more complex eukaryotes. Biological interpretations of transcription factor occupancy should be made cautiously and in conjunction with supporting data obtained under the precise condition of interest. SK1 yeast strain SHy20 (MATa/MATalpha lys2/lys2 ura3/ura3 ho::LYS2/ho::LYS2 leu2::hisG/leu2::hisG his4x/his4b URA3::CMV-tetTA/URA3::CMV-tetTA RAP1promoter::kanR-tetO7-TATA/RAP1promoter::kanR-tetO7-TATA). An overnight culture of YPD was used to innoculate a YPA culture (minus doxycycline; Rap1 on). The YPA culture was grown for 8 hours and then split into minus doxycyline (Rap1 on) and plus doxycylcine (Rap1 depleted) samples. Minus and plus doxycyline samples were collected after an additional 12 hours in YPA (respiratory growth/pre-meiotic; YPA 20 hours) and 0 hr, 3hr, 6hr, 9hr and 12hr after transfer to sporulation media (SM) with or without doxycycline. 3 separate biological replicates were used for each condition/time-point. Labeled total RNA from Rap1 depeleted and non-depleted samples were competitively hybridized to yeast whole genome PCR based spotted arrays (resolution ~1kb). The Rap1-depletion ChIP and RNA abundance/expression analysis were carried out on the same biological samples. The three replicates of Rap1-depletion RNA abundance/expression analysis correspond to replicates 2, 3, and 5 of the Rap1-depletion Rap1 ChIP experiment.
2016-09-01 | E-GEOD-75259 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:A strain harboring two copies of RAP1 is used for a competition-ChIP experiment. One copy of RAP1 is expressed from the endogenous RAP1 promoter and a c-terminal 3X FLAG epitiope tag and the other is expressed from a weakened Galactose inducible promoter and a c-terminal 9X MYC tag. Following induction by 2% galactose Rap1-Myc and Rap1-Flag levels are determined genome wide using ChIP-chip. Time Course ChIP-ChIP experiment, Rap1-Flag IP and Rap1-Myc IP. 13 Time Points (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240 Minutes) 2 Biological Replicates. Total Rap1 Occupancy at times 0 and 60 minutes in the time course; 2 Biological Replicates. mRNA expression levels at times 0 and 60 minutes in the time course; 2 biological Replicates. ChIPs comparing the occupancy of Rap1 in a strain containing two copies of Rap1, one with a Flag tag and one with a Myc tag, and expressed from an identical promoter.
2012-03-05 | E-GEOD-27377 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:ChIP-chip analyses of ClrC components across the S. pombe genome. Keywords: ChIP-chip Chromatin immunoprecipitated DNA recovered with antibody against FLAG-tagged protein from wild-type asynchronous growing fission yeast cells and whole cell extracts DNA were amplified by random priming and respectively labeled with Cy5 and Cy3. Labeled DNA samples were mixed and hybridized onto a 44k pombe Agilent oligo array. Data were processed using Agilent scanner and Feature Extraction software
2010-05-25 | E-GEOD-10561 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Analysis of histone H3 turnover in wild-type and mutant fission yeast cells by using MNase-ChIP-chip Exponentially growing cultures of fission yeast cells expressing an ectopic copy of FLAG tagged histone H3 under the control of inv1 promoter were synchronized and expression of H3-FLAG was induced by changing the carbon source of the medium to Sucrose. Cells were crosslinked with 1% Formaldehyde and chromatin was fragmented into mononucleosomes by using micrococcal nuclease (MNase). Chromatin immunoprecipitated DNA recovered with anti-FLAG antibody from wild-type and mutant fission yeast cells and whole cell extracts DNA were amplified by random priming and respectively labeled with Cy5 and Cy3. Labeled DNA samples were mixed and hybridized onto 44k pombe Agilent oligo arrays. Data were processed using Agilent scanner and Feature Extraction software.
2013-04-21 | E-GEOD-45378 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series
2016-09-01 | E-GEOD-75263 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Acetylation of histone H3 lysine 56 is a covalent modification best-known as a mark of newly-replicated chromatin, but has also been linked to replication-independent histone replacement. Here, we measured H3K56ac levels at single-nucleosome resolution in asynchronously growing yeast cultures, as well as in yeast proceeding synchronously through the cell cycle. We developed a quantitative model of H3K56ac kinetics, which shows that H3K56ac is largely explained by the genomic replication timing and the turnover rate of each nucleosome, suggesting that cell cycle profiles of H3K56ac should reveal most first-time nucleosome incorporation events. However, since the deacetylases Hst3/4 prevent use of H3K56ac as a marker for histone deposition during M phase, we also directly measured M phase histone replacement rates. We report a global decrease in turnover rates during M phase, and a further specific decrease in turnover among early origins of replication, which switch from rapidly-replaced in G1 phase to stable-bound during M phase. Finally, by measuring H3 replacement in yeast deleted for the H3K56 acetyltransferase Rtt109 and its two co-chaperones Asf1 and Vps75, we find evidence that Rtt109 and Asf1 preferentially enhance histone replacement at rapidly-replaced nucleosomes, whereas Vps75 appears to inhibit histone turnover at those loci. These results provide a broad perspective on histone replacement/incorporation throughout the cell cycle, and suggest that H3K56 acetylation provides a positive feedback loop by which replacement of a nucleosome enhances subsequent replacement at the same location. To characterize incorporation of H3K56ac in yeast, several sets of ChIP-chip experiments were performed, along with a set of gene expression microarrays. The following describes each individual set, the number of biological and array replicates performed, dye-flip replicates if performed, the total number of arrays, and the applicable figures in the manuscript. Except for Item D (gene expression), all arrays were ChIP-chip experiments. A. Mid-log H3K56ac measurement. 3 biological replicates, 1 array replicate each of K56Ac ChIP with Grunstein Lab antibody. 2 biological replicates, 2 array replicates each of K56Ac ChIP with Upstate antibody. 7 total arrays. Figure 1A-C, 3, S1, S2A, S6, S7. B. Cell cycle - H3K56ac measurements. 1 biological replicate, 3 array replicates each of K56Ac ChIP with Upstate antibody. 17 time points (10 min. unavailable in third array replicate). 50 total arrays. Figures 2, 3, 4, S4, S5, S7, S8. C. G1 phase turnover. 1 biological replicate (3 time points) with 1 dye-flip replicate each time point (45 minutes replaced with 60 minutes for dye-flip replicate). 6 total arrays. Tables S2, S3. D. Cell cycle - mRNA measurements. 2 biological replicates, 1 array replicate each. 34 total arrays. Figure S3. E. M phase turnover rates. 2 biological replicates, second biological replicate has one dye-flip replicate. 17 total arrays. Figure 5. F. Deletion mutants in H3K56ac pathway for G1-arrested cells. Strains: wild-type parental strain (PKY4212; 2 biological replicates), asf1D (strain 2 biological replicates), vps75D (3 biological replicates, third biological replicate having two array replicates), rtt109D (2 biological replicates, each with one dye-flip replicate). 12 total arrays. Figure 6.
2008-10-03 | E-GEOD-12822 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Histone modifications affect DNA-templated processes ranging from transcription to genomic replication. In this study, we examine the cell cycle dynamics of the trimethylated form of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3), a mark of active chromatin that is viewed as â??long-livedâ?? [1], and that is involved in memory during cell state inheritance in metazoans [2]. We synchronized yeast using two different protocols, then followed H3K4me3 patterns as yeast passed through subsequent cell cycles. While most H3K4me3 patterns were conserved from one generation to the next, we found that methylation patterns induced by alpha factor or high temperature were erased within one cell cycle, during S phase. Early-replicating regions were erased before late-replicating regions, implicating replication in H3K4me3 loss. However, incomplete H3K4me3 erasure occurred at the majority of loci even when replication was prevented, suggesting that most erasure results from an active process. Indeed, deletion of the demethylase Jhd2 slowed erasure at most loci. Together, these results indicate overlapping roles for passive dilution and active enzymatic demethylation in erasing ancestral histone methylation states in yeast. References: [1] Ng HH, Robert F, Young RA, Struhl K (2003) Targeted recruitment of Set1 histone methylase by elongating Pol II provides a localized mark and memory of recent transcriptional activity. Mol Cell 11: 709-719. [2] Ringrose L, Paro R (2004) Epigenetic regulation of cellular memory by the Polycomb and Trithorax group proteins. Annu Rev Genet 38: 413-443. The overall design of the experiment consists of two cell cycle experiments, each consisting of the following subsets: gene expression, ChIP with anti-H3K4Me3 antibody, and ChIP input. The experiments are as follows: CCA - BY4741 bar1- cells synchronized by alpha factor arrest; CCTS - BY4741 cdc28(ts) cells synchronized by arrest at non-permissive temperature. The individual time courses are enumerated as follows: CCA gene expression (array title "Synchronized cells, xxx min, cell cycle CCA"), 18 arrays; CCA ChIP for anti-H3K4Me3 (array title "H3K4Me3 ChIP cell cycle CCA, xxx min"), 17 arrays, 1 replicate; CCA ChIP input (array title "ChIP Input cell cycle CCA, xxx min"), 18 arrays, 1 replicate; CCTS gene expression (appears in a different dataset as biological replicate "I"; array title "Synchronized cells, xxx min, biological replicate I"), 18 arrays; CCTS ChIP for anti-H3K4Me3 (array title "H3K4Me3 cell cycle CCTS, xxx min"), 2 technical replicates, 18 arrays per replicate; CCTS ChIP input (array title "ChIP Input cell cycle CCTS, xxx min"), 2 technical replicates, 18 arrays per replicate. Gene expression arrays were run against a reference of unsynchronized cells, ChIP-chip anti-H3K4Me3 samples were run against an IP (of the same epitope) of unsynchronized cells, and ChIP input samples were run against either a pool of all the time points in the time course (CCTS) or against sonicated DNA isolated from unsynchronized cells (CCA). Four additional experiments have been performed. They are referred to as series X in the title. Series 1: anti H3K4me3 CHIP time course of BY4741 bar1 delete cells (wt) synchronized with alpha factor and released in the cell cycle, 9 arrays, 1 replicate. Series 2: anti H3K4me3 CHIP time course of BY4741 bar1 jhd2 delete cells (jhd2 delete) synchronized with alpha factor and released in the cell cycle, 7 arrays, 1 replicate. Series 3: anti H3K4me3 CHIP time course of CYM36 cells (cdc7ts) synchronized with alpha factor and released in the cell cycle at the permissive 24C or at the restrictive 37C temperature, 22 arrays, 2 replicates. Series 4: anti H3K4me3 CHIP time course of BY4741 bar1 delete cells (wt) grown in galactose and synchronized with alpha factor and either released in the cell cycle in glucose media or alpha factor arrested and switched to glucose media, 6 arrays, 1 replicate.
2010-06-24 | E-GEOD-14565 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In this study the transcriptional response of an ExPEC E. coli strain (CFT073) to human serum was investigated. In response, CFT073 up-regulated expression of iron and manganese acquisition systems and induced expression of iron regulated genes. High osmolarity of serum induced the osmotic shock response genes, promoting uptake of osmoprotectants by CFT073. Resistance of CFT073 to the bactericidal properties of serum involved increased expression of envelope stress regulators including CpxR, ?E and RcsB. Many of the up-regulated genes induced by active serum were regulated by the Rcs two component system. This system is triggered by envelope stress such as changes to cell wall integrity. RcsB-mediated serum resistance was conferred through induction of the exopolysaccharide colanic acid. Production of this exopolysaccharide may be protective while cell wall damage caused by serum components is repaired. Experimental Design: Two experiments are reported: 1) . The transcriptome of E. coli CFT073 exposed to LB supplemented with 50 % normal human serum was compared to that of bacteria grown in LB alone for 45 min, and 2) The transcriptome of CFT073 in response to normal healthy serum and heat inactivated serum (which has no bactericidal activity). Four biological replicates were performed per experiment with Dye swaps performed on sample replicates to eliminate any dye bias
2013-10-20 | E-MTAB-1985 | biostudies-arrayexpress