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MiR-193b Regulates Mcl-1 in Melanoma

ABSTRACT: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have important roles in gene regulation. Dysregulation of miRNAs has been associated with tumorigenesis. Recent studies suggest miR-193b is a tumor suppressor gene. In a previous study, we reported that miR-193b represses cell proliferation and regulates cyclin D1 (CCND1) in melanoma. Now we demonstrate that miR-193b regulates myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (Mcl-1) in melanoma cells. miRNA microarray profiling revealed the miR-193b level in malignant melanomas was significantly downregulated compared to benign nevi, while a tissue microarray demonstrated overexpression of Mcl-1 in malignant melanoma. The Mcl-1 expressions were inversely correlated with the miR-193b levels in melanoma tissue samples, suggesting a potential regulatory role of miR-193b. Overexpression of miR-193b repressed Mcl-1 in melanoma cell lines. It is well known that Mcl-1 knockdown confers cell sensitivity to ABT-737, a small molecular inhibitor of Bcl-2, Bcl-XL and Bcl-w. We found miR-193b, through repressing Mcl-1 expression, could also sensitize melanoma cells that were refractory to ABT-737. Furthermore, miR-193b directly regulates Mcl-1 by targeting the 3â untranslated region (3âUTR) of Mcl-1 mRNA. Interestingly, miR-193b may recognize sequences on the 3âUTR that do not base pair with its seed region. In conclusion, our study suggests the downregulation of miR-193b could be an early event during melanoma progression, and demonstrates miR-193b directly regulates Mcl-1 by targeting both seed and seedless sequences of the 3â UTR. 15 primary melanoma samples, 8 metastatic melanomas and 8 benign nevi samples were profiled on Agilent miRNA array platform

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Harriet Feilotter

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-24996 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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miR-193b Regulates Mcl-1 in Melanoma

Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have important roles in gene regulation. Dysregulation of miRNAs has been associated with tumorigenesis. Recent studies suggest miR-193b is a tumor suppressor gene. In a previous study, we reported that miR-193b represses cell proliferation and regulates cyclin D1 (CCND1) in melanoma. Now we demonstrate that miR-193b regulates myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (Mcl-1) in melanoma cells. miRNA microarray profiling revealed the miR-193b level in malignant melanomas was significantly downregulated compared to benign nevi, while a tissue microarray demonstrated overexpression of Mcl-1 in malignant melanoma. The Mcl-1 expressions were inversely correlated with the miR-193b levels in melanoma tissue samples, suggesting a potential regulatory role of miR-193b. Overexpression of miR-193b repressed Mcl-1 in melanoma cell lines. It is well known that Mcl-1 knockdown confers cell sensitivity to ABT-737, a small molecular inhibitor of Bcl-2, Bcl-XL and Bcl-w. We found miR-193b, through repressing Mcl-1 expression, could also sensitize melanoma cells that were refractory to ABT-737. Furthermore, miR-193b directly regulates Mcl-1 by targeting the 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) of Mcl-1 mRNA. Interestingly, miR-193b may recognize sequences on the 3’UTR that do not base pair with its seed region. In conclusion, our study suggests the downregulation of miR-193b could be an early event during melanoma progression, and demonstrates miR-193b directly regulates Mcl-1 by targeting both seed and seedless sequences of the 3’ UTR.

2010-10-30 | GSE24996 | GEO

Engineering ABT-737 Resistance in MYC-driven Lymphomas Identifies DHX9 as a Drug Response Modifier

Project description:Many traditional cytotoxic agents used in the treatment of cancer function by eliciting an apoptotic response in tumor cells. However, evasion of apoptosis by BCL-2 family members is often deregulated prior to therapeutic intervention leading to treatment failure. To address this, ABT-737 was rationally designed to target BCL-2-like family members and has shown promising results against tumor cells dependent on BCL-2 for their survival. One shortcoming is that MCL-1, a member of the BCL-2 family is poorly inhibited by ABT-737 and is a major cause of resistance. To gain insight into biological pathways that could circumvent this resistance, we designed an shRNA screen to identify novel sensitizers to ABT-737 by engineering MYC driven lymphomas that were resistant to ABT-737 due to endogenous MCL-1 expression. Utilizing this model, we performed a shRNA drop-out screen and identified Dhx9 as a target whose suppression sensitizes cells to ABT-737. DHX9 loss lead to replicative stress signaling, which in turn potently induced the BH3-only proteins, NOXA and PUMA, in a p53-dependent manner to curtail MCL-1 activity. Induction of NOXA is essential for ABT-737 sensitization. Our results ascribe a novel role for DHX9 in the replicative stress pathway and link DHX9 activity to p53 function in vivo. Comparison of Arf-/-Eu-myc/Bcl-2 lymphomas expressing either control Rluc.713 or Dhx9 shRNA, Dhx9.1241

2013-04-03 | E-GEOD-36938 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Engineering ABT-737 Resistance in MYC-driven Lymphomas Identifies DHX9 as a Drug Response Modifier

2013-04-03 | GSE36938 | GEO

Transcription profiling of human SCLC cell line set 2

Project description:RNA expression analysis was performed to compare patterns to sensitivity to BCL2 inhibitors (ABT-263). Overexpression of the prosurvival Bcl-2 family members (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Mcl-1) is commonly associated with tumor maintenance, progression and chemoresistance. We previously reported the discovery of ABT-737, a potent, small molecule Bcl-2 family protein inhibitor. A major limitation of ABT-737 is that it is not orally bioavailable. This may limit its use for chronic single agent treatment and the flexibility to dose in combination with parenteral chemotherapy. Here we report the discovery and biological properties of ABT-263, a potent, orally bioavailable Bad-like BH3 mimetic (KiÃ¢??s of < 1 nM for Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bcl-w). The oral bioavailability of ABT-263 in preclinical animal models is 20% - 50%, depending on formulation. ABT-263 disrupts Bcl-2/Bcl-xL interactions with pro-death proteins (e.g., Bim) in cells leading to the initiation of apoptosis within 2 hr post-treatment. In human tumor cells, ABT-263 rapidly induces Bax translocation, cytochrome c release and subsequent programmed cell death. Oral administration of ABT-263 alone induces complete tumor regressions in xenograft models of small cell lung cancer and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In xenograft models of aggressive B-cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma where ABT-263 exhibits modest or no single agent activity, it significantly enhances the efficacy of clinically relevant therapeutic regimens. These data provide the rationale for clinical trials evaluating ABT-263 in SCLC and B-cell malignancies. The oral efficacy of ABT-263 should provide dosing flexibility to maximize clinical utility as both a single agent and in combination with standard chemotherapeutic regimens. Experiment Overall Design: Naive cell lines were isolated in duplicate or triplicate (only a single for H69AR) to determine RNA expression pattern.

2008-06-19 | E-GEOD-10841 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Homo sapiens

Project description:miR-193b Regulates Mcl-1 in Melanoma

| PRJNA131979 | ENA

SCLC cell line profiling on HG-U133A arrays set 2

Project description:RNA expression analysis was performed to compare patterns to sensitivity to BCL2 inhibitors (ABT-263). Overexpression of the prosurvival Bcl-2 family members (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Mcl-1) is commonly associated with tumor maintenance, progression and chemoresistance. We previously reported the discovery of ABT-737, a potent, small molecule Bcl-2 family protein inhibitor. A major limitation of ABT-737 is that it is not orally bioavailable. This may limit its use for chronic single agent treatment and the flexibility to dose in combination with parenteral chemotherapy. Here we report the discovery and biological properties of ABT-263, a potent, orally bioavailable Bad-like BH3 mimetic (Kiâ??s of < 1 nM for Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bcl-w). The oral bioavailability of ABT-263 in preclinical animal models is 20% - 50%, depending on formulation. ABT-263 disrupts Bcl-2/Bcl-xL interactions with pro-death proteins (e.g., Bim) in cells leading to the initiation of apoptosis within 2 hr post-treatment. In human tumor cells, ABT-263 rapidly induces Bax translocation, cytochrome c release and subsequent programmed cell death. Oral administration of ABT-263 alone induces complete tumor regressions in xenograft models of small cell lung cancer and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In xenograft models of aggressive B-cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma where ABT-263 exhibits modest or no single agent activity, it significantly enhances the efficacy of clinically relevant therapeutic regimens. These data provide the rationale for clinical trials evaluating ABT-263 in SCLC and B-cell malignancies. The oral efficacy of ABT-263 should provide dosing flexibility to maximize clinical utility as both a single agent and in combination with standard chemotherapeutic regimens. Keywords: cell line comparison

2008-05-01 | GSE10841 | GEO

Gene expression profile of H187-63AR, an ABT-737 resistant derivative of H187

Project description:ABT-737 is a highly potent small molecule inhibitor of Bcl-2 which has demonstrated efficacy in preclinical studies. To identify factors which mediate ABT-737 sensitivity we created an ABT-737-resistant cell line derivative. This cell lines maintained its ABT-737 resistance in vitro and in vivo. We isolated RNA from H187-63AR xenografts and compared their global gene expression to H187 xenografts. Keywords: Tumor comparison

2008-12-19 | GSE10003 | GEO

A Novel Pro-Survival Function of Cyclin-D1 Underlies Its Oncogenic Role and Potential as a Therapeutic Target in Human and Murine Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Project description:The chromosomal translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32) leading to cyclin-D1 over-expression plays an essential role in the development of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), an aggressive tumor that remains incurable with current therapies. Cyclin-D1 has been postulated as an effective therapeutic target, but its evaluation has been hampered by our incomplete understanding of its oncogenic functions and by the lack of valid MCL murine models. To address these issues, we generated a cyclin-D1-driven mouse model whereby cyclin-D1 expression can be externally regulated. These mice developed lymphomas capable of recapitulating most features of human MCL. We found that cyclin-D1 inactivation was not sufficient to induce lymphoma regression in vivo. However, using a combination of in vitro and in vivo assays, we identified a novel pro-survival cyclin-D1 function in MCL cells. Specifically, we demonstrate that cyclin-D1 sequestrates the pro-apoptotic protein BAX, thereby favoring BCL2 anti-apoptotic function. Accordingly, cyclin-D1 inhibition sensitized the lymphoma cells to apoptosis through BAX release. Thus, genetic or pharmacologic targeting of cyclin-D1 combined with a pro-apoptotic BH3 mimetic synergistically killed murine lymphomas and human MCL cells. Our study identifies a novel role of cyclin-D1 in deregulating apoptosis and highlights the potential benefit of simultaneously targeting cyclin-D1 and survival pathways in patients with MCL. Dose response involving 20 samples. Two replicates for each cell line, 4 cell lines sensitive to ABT-737 and 6 cell lines resistant to ABT-737. Mantel cell lymphoma cell lines sensitive to ABT-737 vs. Mantel cell lymphoma cell lines resistant to ABT-737

2011-07-01 | E-GEOD-25613 | biostudies-arrayexpress

miR-193b represses cell proliferation and regulates cyclin D1 in melanoma

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE18509: miR-193b represses cell proliferation and regulates cyclin D1 in melanoma: benign nevi and metastatic melanoma GSE18510: miR-193b represses cell proliferation and regulates cyclin D1 in melanoma: Malme-3M Refer to individual Series

2010-05-16 | E-GEOD-18512 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Comprehensive profiling and targeting of BCL-2 family members in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Project description:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is among a small number of solid tumors that are caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Recently, BH3 mimetics, a novel class of drugs that inhibit pro-survival proteins of the BCL-2 family, have demonstrated clinical anti-cancer efficacy in hematological malignancies and are being investigated for use in solid tumors. There is known dysregulation of pro-survival pathways, particularly, the intrinsic apoptotic pathway during EBV infection of B cells suggesting NPC may be driven by the same pathways, and thus sensitive to BH3 inhibition. Using immunohistochemistry, we examined the expression of BCL-2 family of proteins (BCL2, MCL1 and BCLxL) in 174 NPC from patients treated with curative intent as well as five NPC cell lines. We subsequently evaluated the anti-tumor efficacy of three BH3 mimetics (ABT-199, ABT-737 and S63845) in NPC cells alone or in combination with cisplatin, a commonly used cytotoxic agent in NPC treatment. BCL-2 was highly expressed in NPC tumors and cells. Despite this, BCL2 inhibition, or BH3 monotherapy was not effective. However, marked sensitivity was observed with the combination S63845 (targeting MCL-1) and cisplatin in NPC43, which had high expression of MCL-1. This combination resulted in upregulation of pro-apoptotic tBID suggesting a priming role of cisplatin and apoptotic potentiation through MCL-1 inhibition. Flow cytometry studies and RNA sequencing of NPC43 cells treated with the combination of cisplatin with S63845 and untreated cells showed death by apoptosis and upregulation in stress response and DNA damage pathways. Our study suggests that combining BH3 mimetics with cisplatin could be an effective treatment strategy for NPC and warrants further investigation

2024-10-01 | GSE235574 | GEO

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