Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Mnase-seq for six histone mutants and two wild-types in S. cerevisiae

ABSTRACT: Nucleosome structure directly influences gene transcription. However, the function of each histone residue remains largely unknown. Here we profiled gene expression changes upon the mutation of individual residues of histone H3 and H4. Histone residues grouped by expression change similarity displayed overall structural relevance. This regulatory functional map of the core histones led to novel findings. First, the residues specific to each histone family tend to be more influential than those commonly found among different histones. Second, unlike histone acetylations, H3K4 trimethylation does not appear to be prerequisite for gene activation. Third, H3Q5 has been newly identified for its putative interactions with many chromatin regulators for transcription control. Lastly, the nucleosome lateral surface seems to play a key role through interactions with the surrounding DNA. Remarkably, we discovered a novel role for H3K56 in chromatin dynamics. The deletion of this residue, but not the alteration of acetylation states, caused a genome-wide decrease in nucleosome mobility and stabilized nucleosome positioning near transcription start and end sites. Occupying the DNA entry/exit site, H3K56 is thought to modulate nucleosome sliding along DNA. Taken together, genomics approaches such as microarray and deep sequencing prove valuable for mapping the function of histone residues. Performing Mnase-seq for six histone mutants and two wild-types in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

ORGANISM(S): Saccharomyces cerevisiae

SUBMITTER: Inkyung Jung

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-29026 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Maintenance of the correct level and organization of nucleosomes is crucial for genome function. Here we uncover a role for a conserved bromodomain AAA-ATPase, Abo1, in maintenance of nucleosome architecture in fission yeast. Cells lacking abo1+ experience both a reduction and mis-positioning of nucleosomes at transcribed sequences in addition to increased intragenic transcription, phenotypes that are hallmarks of defective chromatin re-establishment behind RNA polymerase II. Abo1 is recruited to gene sequences and associates with histone H3 and the histone chaperone FACT. Furthermore, the distribution of Abo1 on chromatin is disturbed by impaired FACT function. The role of Abo1 extends to some promoters and also to silent heterochromatin. Abo1 is recruited to pericentromeric heterochromatin independently of the HP1 ortholog, Swi6, where it enforces proper nucleosome occupancy. Consequently, loss of Abo1 alleviates silencing and causes elevated chromosome mis-segregation. We suggest that Abo1 provides a histone chaperone function that maintains nucleosome architecture genome-wide. A chromatin-seq/MNase-seq approach called Chromatin Particle Spectrum Analysis (Kent et al., (2011) Nucleic Acids Res. 39:e26) was used to map and compare nucleosome position in wild-type (strain 972) and isogenic abo1 knock-out (strain HM463) fission yeast cells. For each strain, three independent in vivo MNase digest bio-reps were performed and the purified DNA pooled. CPSA was performed using paired-end mode Illumina technology with pooled samples multiplexed over two HiSeq2000 lanes. Each CPSA paired read describes a microcococcal nuclease (MNase) resistant DNA species from chromatin, with the insert-size equivalent to the size of DNA protection. For each strain type, two analysed data sets are provided here: one listing the genomic distribution of MNase-protected DNAs of 150bp (â150bp CPSA size classâ) and corresponding to mono-nucleosomes; the other listing the genomic distribution of MNase-protected DNAs of 300bp (â300bp CPSA size classâ) and corresponding to di-nucleosomes.

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Mnase-seq for six histone mutants and two wild-types in S. cerevisiae

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