Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Transcriptional analysis of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) immune response against Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3).

ABSTRACT: Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3), also known as koi herpesvirus (KHV), is the aetiological agent of an emerging and lethal disease in common and koi carp. In this work we studied the immune response of two genetically different lines of common carp (Polish K and Polish R3) infected with CyHV-3 by immersion. The two carp lines presented a 20% difference in survival rate and, furthermore, significant difference in virus loads measured at day 3 post infection (p.i.). Microarray analysis revealed that 581 genes in line K (330 up-regulated, 251 down-regulated) and 107 genes in line R3 (77 up-regulated, 30 down-regulated), were at least 2-fold differentially expressed at day 3 p.i. compared to day 0. Genes which were at least 4-fold differentially expressed in both lines were selected as potential markers of an infection of common carp by CyHV-3. This group includes 17 up-regulated and only 1 down-regulated genes. In addition, microarray analysis revealed no significant differences in gene expression between line K and R3 at day 0. At day 3 p.i. there were, however, 76 genes that were at least 2-fold differentially expressed between the two lines. The kinetics of expression of T cell markers and selected cytokines indicate for higher activation of immune response in more resistant R3 line. Thus, our study revealed that differences in resistance to CyHV-3 between two carp lines can be correlated with differentially expressed immune-related genes. The experiment included four biological replicates with no dye swaps for (i) each strain (K and R3) and (ii) each condition (day 0 and day 3).

ORGANISM(S): Cyprinus carpio

SUBMITTER: Leonor Palmeira

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-30426 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Fetal cartilage fully regenerates following injury while in adult mammals cartilage injury leads to osteoarthritis (OA). OA is characterized by cartilage breakdown and joint inflammation and associated with significant pain and socioeconomic costs. As no clinically satisfactory treatment is available to date, disease-modifying therapies aimed to achieve cartilage regeneration are urgently required. The inherent regeneration potential of fetal individuals may hold answers to this unmet need. Therefore, to characterize the differences in fetal and adult response to cartilage injury, we carried out histology and comprehensive proteome analyses on fetal (day 80/150-day gestation) and adult cartilage samples one (fetal samples) and three (adult and fetal samples) days after surgical induction of a full-thickness cartilage lesion. In addition, proteins secreted by inflamed fetal MSCs in vitro were compared with the in vivo response to injury to evaluate their therapeutic potential. Histology of synovial samples revealed the presence of neutrophils one day post injury (p.i.) and an influx of macrophages into the subsynovial tissue on day 3 p.i. in fetal samples. In contrast, adult synovial samples showed invasion of neutrophils on day 3 p.i. Activation and migration of Iba1+- macrophages of the synovial lining was observed both in fetal and adult animals. Comparative mass spectrometry revealed 57 proteins significantly up-regulated (> 2FC, FDR<0.05), and 67 proteins significantly down-regulated (<-2 FC) upon injury in adults. Neutrophil-related proteins and acute phase proteins were the two major upregulated protein groups in adult cartilage following injury compared to fetal sheep. In contrast, several immunomodulating proteins and growth factors were significantly higher expressed in the fetus than the adult. Comparison of the in vitro MSCs with the in vivo fetal proteome revealed shared upregulation of 17 proteins, which were considered to be of potential therapeutic interest. The results of this study support our molecular understanding of successful fetal cartilage healing and new therapeutic strategies to induce regeneration in adult articular cartilage by modulating the inflammatory environment. The shared protein upregulation in fetal cartilage in vivo and in fetal MSCS during in vitro inflammation supports the possible therapeutic potential of these factors in specific and fetal MSCs in general.

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Transcriptional analysis of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) immune response against Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3).

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