Phaeo CDF 2011 - stressor exposed vs control
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Phaeodactylum tricornutum
SUBMITTER: Sharon Hook
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-34988 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
Similar Datasets
Project description:Initial work for profiling contaminant response in Phaeodactylum cells exposed to contaminants and non contaminant stressors
2012-01-11 | GSE34988 | GEO
Project description:We investigated the transcriptional response of cand. Pelagibacter ubique cultures to light and dark when grown under carbon replete and deplete conditions. Results: During exponential phase, few genes were differentially transcribed between light:dark growth conditions. In stationary phase, a high proportion (9.7%) of coding sequences were found differentially expressed between treatments; 4.7% being up-regulated in the light (n=64) and 4.9% being up-regulated in the dark (n=67). Several components of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway were up-regulated in the dark, supporting physiological data showing higher respiration rates in darkness than in the light under starvation conditions. We also observed up-regulation of a proton translocating pyrophosphate synthase (SAR11_1040), which may be an additional energy production mechanism utilized by SAR11 cells in the dark. Finally, we noted the up-regulation of pili formation genes in the array data, consistent with the observation of pili in dark grown cells via electron microscopy. Triplicate biological replicates were collected from five growth conditions (n=15 total): 1) exponential phase, 24 hour light (n=3) 2) exponential phase, 24 hour dark (n=3) 3) stationary phase, 12:12 hour light:dark cycles (n=3) 4) stationary phase, 24 hour dark (n=3) 5) stationary phase, 6 hours after transfer to darkness (n=3)
2011-12-31 | E-GEOD-24134 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In this study we applied MASC-seq (massive and parallel microarray sequencing, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13182), a scRNA-seq method that facilitates sequencing of thousands of cells in parallel, and that couples microscope images with the single cell transcriptome data. For this method, fixed cells are spread over a microarray with 100 μm-sized spots of DNA capture probes with spot-specific indices. The cells are first imaged using a scanning microscope and then permeabilized, releasing their RNA out of the cells and bind to the probes on the array. cDNA is synthesized, harvested and sequenced, and, using the spot-specific barcode-sequences, cDNA sequences stemming from a specific spot (i.e., cell) can be linked to the microscope image of the corresponding cell. However, until now, the MASC-seq method has only been applied to mammalian cells. The aim of this study was to test and adapt the MASC-seq method for application on unicellular eukaryotic plankton. We applied and optimized the method on three cultured plankton representatives, abundant in communities of aquatic environments, Phaeodactylum tricornutum (a diatom, silica and polysaccharide cell walls 23), Heterocapsa sp. (a dinoflagellate, cellulose thecal plates 24) and Tetrahymena thermophila (a ciliate, lipid membrane 25) which all have different size and diverse cell surface structures common to plankton. We optimized several steps in the protocol to make it more suitable for planktonic cells and compared the results from MASC-seq generated single cell transcriptomes to bulk RNA sequencing.
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Project description:Divalent d-block metal cations (DDMCs) participate in many cellular functions; however, their accumulation in cells can be cytotoxic. The cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) family is a ubiquitous family of transmembrane DDMC exporters that ensures their homeostasis. Severe diseases, such as type II diabetes, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, were linked to dysfunctional human CDF proteins, ZnT-1-10 (SLC30A1-10). Each member of the CDF family reduces the cytosolic concentration of a specific DDMC by transporting it from the cytoplasm to the extracellular environment or into intracellular compartments. This process is usually achieved by utilizing the proton motive force. In addition to their activity as DDMC transporters, CDFs also have other cellular functions such as the regulation of ion channels and enzymatic activity. The combination of structural and biophysical studies of different bacterial and eukaryotic CDF proteins led to significant progress in the understanding of the mutual interaction among CDFs and DDMCs, their involvement in ion binding and selectivity, conformational changes and the consequent transporting mechanisms. Here, we review these studies, provide our mechanistic interpretation of CDF proteins based on the current literature and relate the above to known human CDF-related diseases. Our analysis provides a common structure-function relationship to this important protein family and closes the gap between eukaryote and prokaryote CDFs.
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Project description:Melanoma remains the most lethal skin cancer, mainly because of high resistance to therapy. Side population (SP) cells are found in many types of cancer and are usually enriched in therapy-resistant as well as tumorigenic cells. Here, we identified a Hoechst dye-effluxing SP in a large series of human melanoma samples representing different progression phases. The SP size did not change with disease stage but was correlated with the prognostic “Breslow’s depth” in the primary (cutaneous) tumors. When injected into immunodeficient mice, the SP generated larger tumors than the bulk “main population” (MP) melanoma cells in two consecutive generations, and showed tumorigenic capacity at lower cell numbers than the MP. In addition, the SP reconstituted the heterogeneous composition of the human A375 melanoma cell line, and its clonogenic activity was 2.5-fold higher than that of the MP. Gene-expression analysis revealed upregulated expression in the melanoma SP (versus the MP) of genes associated with chemoresistance and anti-apoptosis. Consistent with these molecular characteristics, the SP increased in proportion when A375 cells were exposed to the melanoma standard chemotherapeutic agent dacarbazine, and to the aggravating condition of hypoxia. In addition, the SP showed enhanced expression of genes related to cell invasion and migration, as well as to putative (melanoma) cancer stem cells (CSC) including ABCB1 and JARID1B. ABCB1 immunoreactivity was detected in a number of tumor cells in human melanomas, and in particular in clusters at the invasive front of the primary tumors. Together, our findings support that the human melanoma SP is enriched in tumorigenic and chemoresistant capacity, considered key characteristics of CSC. The melanoma SP may therefore represent an interesting therapeutic target. Four primary melanomas (subtype SSMM) were dissociated into single cells. From each of these single cell suspensions, side population (SP) and bulk \main population\ (MP) cells were isolated based on their Hoechst-effluxing capability using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Gene expression of SP cells is analyzed relative to the gene expression of the corresponding MP cells.
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Project description:Monocrystalline cadmium fluoride is a dielectric solid that can be converted into a semiconductor by doping with donor impurities and subsequent heating in the reduction atmosphere. For two donor elements, Ga and In, the donor ("shallow") state is a metastable one separated from the ground ("deep") state by a barrier. Photoinduced deep-to-shallow state transition underlies the photochromism of CdF₂:Ga and CdF₂:In. Real-time phase holograms are recorded in these crystals capable of following up optical processes in a wide frequency range. The features of photochromic transformations in CdF₂:Ga and CdF₂:In crystals as well as holographic characteristics of these media are discussed. Exemplary applications of CdF₂-based holographic elements are given.
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Project description:Burkholderia vietnamiensis strain G4, representative of a species routinely encountered as a contaminant of industrial product, was exposed to a proprietary preservative agent for 24 hours and gene expression analysed by RNA-seq.
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Project description:To estimate the effect of protoplasting and sorting on low pH-regulated gene expression, we generated expression profiles for whole roots treated with low pH for 24 hours and whole roots that had been protoplasted and FACS sorted after 24 hours of exposure to low pH. Stress responses in plants are tightly coordinated with developmental processes, but the interaction between these pathways is poorly understood. Here we use genome-wide assays at high spatial and temporal resolution to understand the processes that lnk development and stress in the Arabidopsis root. Our meta-analysis finds little evidence for a universal stress response. Common stress responses appear to exists and, analagous to animal systems, many of them show cell-type specificity, suggesting a convergent evolutionary theme in multicellular organisms. Common stress responses may be mediated by cell identity regulators, as mutations in these genes resulted in altered responses to stress. Our results reveal surprising linkages between stress and development at cellular resolution, and show the power of multiple genome-wide datasets to elucidate biological processes. 3 replicates of protoplasted, FACS sorted whole roots exposed to low pH and 2 replicates of whole roots exposed to low pH
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