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Gene activation by Rag-mediated DNA double-strand breaks in G1-phase murine pre-B cells

ABSTRACT: The objective is to identify genes that are differentially expressed following the introduction of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by the Rag proteins in murine pre-B cells. Cells lacking Artemis are used since the Rag-induced DSBs will not be repaired, and thus, will provide a continuous stimulus to the cell. Murine v-abl-transformed pre-B cells were treated with 3 uM STI571 for 48 hours. Cell types included RAG-2-deficient (3 biological replicates) and Artemis-deficient (3 biological replicates) G1-phase pre-B cells. Each sample was hybridized once using Affymetrix Mouse Genome 2.0 GeneChip arrays (Mouse 430 v2, Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA). Data were analyzed using the RAG-2-deficient samples as the controls.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: NIEHS Microarray Core

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-38044 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Expression data for program activation by IR-induced DNA breaks in G1 phase Murine PreB cells

Project description:The objective of this set of samples is to identify genes that are differentially expressed following the introduction of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) by ionizing radiation in wild-type murine pre-B cells. The data generated in this project will be compared to the data generated in GSE9024, in which genes that are differentially expressed following the introduction of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) by the Rag proteins in murine pre-B cells were examined. In order to understand the differences between the physiologic and genotoxic responses to DSB DNA damage, we need to compare cells that are all in the same compartment of the cell cycle. We are therefore examining the response to IR-induced damage in cells that are arrested in G1, which would correspond to our previous study of G1 arrested cells with Rag-induced breaks. This will illuminate the difference directly, allowing us to better understand the signaling responses to the different types of DNA damage. Murine v-abl-transformed pre-B cells were treated with 3 uM STI571 for 48 hours. The cell type is Wild type (3 biological replicates). For each wild type cell line, cells were treated with 1 Gy ionizing radiation or no ionizing radiation. Each sample was hybridized once using Affymetrix Mouse Genome 2.0 GeneChip arrays (Mouse 430 v2, Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA). Data were analyzed using the unirradiated samples as the controls.

2013-03-13 | E-GEOD-36530 | biostudies-arrayexpress

On-target and Off-target Activities of RAG Are Restricted by Topological Chromatin Domains

Project description:RAG initiates V(D)J recombination in developing lymphocytes by generating "on-target" DNA double-stranded breaks at bona fide recombination signal sequence (RSS) pairs. We now employ RAG-generated DNA breaks in endogenous or ectopically-inserted RSS pairs as bait to identify huge numbers of RAG "off-target" sites. These off-target DNA breaks occur across convergent CTCF-binding element (CBE)-flanked loop domains containing the bait RSS pairs. Such off-target cleavage occurs at the simple CAC motif that defines the RSS cleavage-site and shows orientation-dependence best explained by a two-dimensional tracking mechanism. Deletion of the CBE-based IGCR1 IgH regulatory element disrupts antibody IgH recombination domains and, correspondingly, alters distributions of RAG on- and off-targets across the IgH locus. RAG off-targets frequently involved in chromosomal translocations occur in convergent RSS pairs at enhancer regions within a loop. Our findings reveal how RAG is developmentally focused and re-focused in lymphocytes and implicate mechanisms by which chromatin domains harness biological processes within them. We performed high-throughput genome-wide translocation sequencing (HTGTS) in progenitor B cells or cell lines to study signatures of RAG on and off-targeting activity using RAG-generated breaks in endogenous or ectopically-inserted paired bona fide RSSs as bait. Sequenceing was dong by Illumina Miseq.

2015-09-15 | E-GEOD-73007 | biostudies-arrayexpress

2019 Brecht et al. RAG1 vAbl BioID LC-MS/MS

Project description:To identify mechanisms that regulate V(D)J recombination, we used proximity-dependent biotin identification to analyze the interactomes of full length and truncated forms of RAG1 in pre-B cells. This revealed an association of RAG1 with numerous nucleolar proteins in a manner dependent on amino acids 216-383 and allowed identification of a motif required for nucleolar localization. Experiments in transformed pre-B cell lines and cultured primary pre-B cells reveal a strong correlation between disruption of nucleoli, reduced association of RAG1 with a nucleolar marker, and increases in V(D)J recombination activity. Mutation of the RAG1 nucleolar localization motif boosts recombination while removal of the first 215 amino acids of RAG1, which are required for efficient egress from nucleoli, reduces recombination activity. Our findings indicate that nucleolar sequestration of RAG1 is a negative regulatory mechanism in V(D)J recombination and identify regions of the RAG1 N-terminal region that control nucleolar association and egress.

2020-04-02 | PXD016221 | Pride

Transcription profiling of mouse v-abl-transformed pre-B cells were treated with 3 uM STI571 for 48 hours

Project description:The objective is to identify genes that are differentially expressed following the introduction of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) by the Rag proteins in murine pre-B cells. Cells lacking Artemis are used since the Rag-induced DSBs will not be repaired and, thus, will provide a continuous stimulus to the cell. Cells lacking Artemis and Atm are used to determine which gene expression changes depend on Atm and cells lacking Artemis that express an Iï?«Bï?¡ dominant negative are used to determine which gene expression changes depend on NFkB. Experiment Overall Design: Murine v-abl-transformed pre-B cells were treated with 3 uM STI571 for 48 hours. Cell types included Wild type (3 biological replicates), RAG-2-deficient (3 biological replicates), Artemis-deficient (3 biological replicates), Artemis and ATM-deficient (2 biological replicates, each with a technical replicate), and Artemis-deficient expressing dominant negative IkB (3 biological replicates). Each sample was hybridized once using Affymetrix Mouse Genome 2.0 GeneChip arrays (Mouse 430 v2, Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA). Data were analyzed using the RAG-2-deficient samples as the controls. Additionally, purified bone marrow pre-B cells were harvested from RAG-1-deficient (2 biological replicates) and Artemis-deficient (2 biological replicates) mice with an IgH transgene. Each sample was hybridized once using Affymetrix Mouse Genome 2.0 GeneChip arrays (Mouse 430 v2, Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA). Data were analyzed using the RAG-1-deficient:IgH samples as the controls.

2008-10-26 | E-GEOD-9024 | biostudies-arrayexpress

RAG-mediated DNA double strand breaks activate a cell-type-specific checkpoint to inhibit pre-B cell receptor signals

Project description:Pre-B cell receptor (pre-BCR) signals initiate immunoglobulin light (Igl) chain gene assembly leading to RAG-mediated DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). These signals also promote cell cycle entry, which could cause aberrant DSB repair and genome instability in pre-B cells. Here we show that RAG DSBs inhibit pre-BCR signals through the ATM- and NF-κB2-dependent induction of SPIC, a hematopoietic-specific transcriptional repressor. SPIC inhibits expression of the SYK tyrosine kinase and BLNK adaptor to prevent the pre-BCR from inducing additional Igl chain gene rearrangements and driving pre-B cells with RAG DSBs into cycle. We propose that pre-B cells toggle between pre-BCR signals and this RAG DSB-dependent checkpoint to maintain genome stability while iteratively assembling Igl chain genes.

2016-01-13 | GSE67854 | GEO

RAG-mediated DNA double strand breaks activate a cell-type-specific checkpoint to inhibit pre-B cell receptor signals

Project description:Pre-B cell receptor (pre-BCR) signals initiate immunoglobulin light (Igl) chain gene assembly leading to RAG-mediated DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). These signals also promote cell cycle entry, which could cause aberrant DSB repair and genome instability in pre-B cells. Here we show that RAG DSBs inhibit pre-BCR signals through the ATM- and NF-ÎºB2-dependent induction of SPIC, a hematopoietic-specific transcriptional repressor. SPIC inhibits expression of the SYK tyrosine kinase and BLNK adaptor to prevent the pre-BCR from inducing additional Igl chain gene rearrangements and driving pre-B cells with RAG DSBs into cycle. We propose that pre-B cells toggle between pre-BCR signals and this RAG DSB-dependent checkpoint to maintain genome stability while iteratively assembling Igl chain genes. Three independent IL-7 cultures for each genotype (Rag1-/-:Î¼IgH:Bcl2, Art-/-:Î¼IgH:Bcl2 and Art-/-:Nfkb2-/-:Î¼IgH:Bcl2) were withdrawn from IL-7 for 2 days. RNA was isolated using RNeasy (Qiagen). Gene expression profiling was performed using Illumina MouseRef-8 expression microarrays.

2016-01-13 | E-GEOD-67854 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gene activation by Rag-mediated DNA double-strand breaks in G1-phase murine pre-B cells

Project description:The objective is to identify genes that are differentially expressed following the introduction of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by the Rag proteins in murine pre-B cells. Cells lacking Artemis are used since the Rag-induced DSBs will not be repaired, and thus, will provide a continuous stimulus to the cell.

2013-03-13 | GSE38044 | GEO

High-throughput sequencing of genome-wide translocations from stimulated wild-type or ATM-deficient B cells

Project description:High-throughput genome-wide translocation sequencing (HTGTS) is a robust approach to identify genome-wide translocation junctions. We performed HTGTS to study the fate of introduced c-myc DSBs in mouse splenic B cells activated for activation cytidine deaminase (AID)-dependent class switch recombination (CSR). We found frequent translocations of c-myc DSBs to AID-initiated DSBs in IgH switch regions in wild-type (WT) and ATM-deficient B cells. However, c-myc also translocated frequently to newly generated DSBs within a 35-megabase region downstream of IgH in ATM-deficient, but not WT, CSR-activated B cells. Moreover, we found such DSBs and translocations in activated B cells that did not express AID or undergo CSR. These findings indicate that ATM deficiency leads to formation of chromosome 12 dicentrics via RAG-initiated IgH DSBs in progenitor B cells and that these dicentrics can be propagated developmentally into mature B cells where they generate new DSBs downstream of IgH via breakage-fusion-bridge cycles. Preparation of libraries from WT or ATM-deficient activated by a-CD40/IL4 or RP105.

2014-06-18 | E-GEOD-58599 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gene activation by Rag-mediated DNA double strand breaks

2008-10-12 | GSE9024 | GEO

Hairpin Capture of DNA End Structures reveals chromosomal DNA end structure with single nucleotide resolution

Project description:The structure of broken DNA ends is a critical determinant of the pathway used for DNA double strand break (DSB) repair. Here, we develop an approach, hairpin capture of DNA end structures (HCoDES), which elucidates chromosomal DNA end structures at single nucleotide resolution. HCoDES defines structures of physiologic DSBs generated by the RAG endonuclease, as well as those generated by nucleases widely used for genome editing. Analysis of G1-phase cells deficient in H2AX or 53BP1 reveals DNA ends that are frequently resected to form long single-stranded overhangs that can be repaired by mutagenic pathways. In addition to 3’ overhangs, many of these DNA ends unexpectedly form long 5’ single-stranded overhangs. The divergence in DNA end structures resolved by HCoDES suggests that H2AX and 53BP1 may have distinct activities in end protection. Thus, the high-resolution end structures obtained by HCoDES identify new features of DNA end processing during DSB repair. Single stranded DNA ligation of genomic DNA isolated from G1 arrested LigaseIV-/-, LigaseIV-/- 53BP1-/- and LigaseIV-/- H2AX-/- Abelson pre-B cells harboring site specific DSBs generated by the RAG recombinase, Cas9 endonuclease or Zinc Finger Endonuclease.

2014-12-03 | E-GEOD-62534 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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