Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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PRAME induced inhibition of retinoic acid receptor signaling-mediated differentiation - a possible target for ATRA response in AML without t(15;17)

ABSTRACT: Purpose: In acute myeloid leukemia (AML) without retinoic acid receptor (RAR) rearrangement the effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is still poorly understood despite an association of NPM1 mutation and ATRA response. Recently, PRAME (preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma) has been shown to be a dominant repressor of RAR-signaling. Experimental design: Thus, we further investigated ATRA response mechanisms, especially the impact of PRAME expression on ATRA-responsiveness by profiling gene expression in K562 cell lines. Results: Our data revealed a PRAME-expression associated gene pattern to be significantly enriched for genes involved in the retinoic acid metabolic process. In leukemia cell line models we could demonstrate that retinoic acid-regulated cell proliferation and differentiation are impacted by PRAME expression. Conclusions: PRAME seems to impair differentiation and to increase proliferation likely via blocking RAR-signaling, which might be reversed by ATRA. For the cell line model GEP was performed using Affymetrix Human Genome U133plus2.0 Array technology according to the manufacturerM-bM-^@M-^Ys recommendations as previously reported. siRNA and scrRNA treated as well as ATRA treated K562 cells stemming from independent experiments were profiled. Using the BRB Array Tools software package fluorescence ratios were normalized by applying the RMA algorithm and supervised ClassComparison PathwayClassComparison analyses were performed.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Lars Bullinger

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-43258 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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PRAME-induced inhibition of retinoic acid receptor signaling-mediated differentiation--a possible target for ATRA response in AML without t(15;17).

Bullinger Lars L Schlenk Richard F RF Götz Marlies M Botzenhardt Ursula U Hofmann Susanne S Russ Annika C AC Babiak Anna A Zhang Lu L Schneider Vanessa V Döhner Konstanze K Schmitt Michael M Döhner Hartmut H Greiner Jochen J

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 20130226 9

<h4>Purpose</h4>In acute myeloid leukemia (AML) without retinoic acid receptor (RAR) rearrangement, the effect of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) is still poorly understood despite an association of NPM1 mutation and ATRA response. Recently, preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) has been shown to be a dominant repressor of RAR signaling.<h4>Experimental design</h4>Thus, we further investigated ATRA response mechanisms, especially the impact of PRAME expression on ATRA responsivenes ...[more]

PMID: 23444226

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Project description:Haffez2017 - RAR interaction with synthetic analogues This model is described in the article: The molecular basis of the interactions between synthetic retinoic acid analogues and the retinoic acid receptors Hesham Haffez, David R. Chisholm, Roy Valentine, Ehmke Pohl, Christopher Redfern and Andrew Whiting MedChemComm Abstract: All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and its synthetic analogues EC23 and EC19 direct cellular differentiation by interacting as ligands for the retinoic acid receptor (RARÎ±, Î² and Î³) family of nuclear receptor proteins. To date, a number of crystal structures of natural and synthetic ligands complexed to their target proteins have been solved, providing molecular level snap-shots of ligand binding. However, a deeper understanding of receptor and ligand flexibility and conformational freedom is required to develop stable and effective ATRA analogues for clinical use. Therefore, we have used molecular modelling techniques to define RAR interactions with ATRA and two synthetic analogues, EC19 and EC23, and compared their predicted biochemical activities to experimental measurements of relative ligand affinity and recruitment of coactivator proteins. A comprehensive molecular docking approach that explored the conformational space of the ligands indicated that ATRA is able to bind the three RAR proteins in a number of conformations with one extended structure being favoured. In contrast the biologically-distinct isomer, 9-cis-retinoic acid (9CRA), showed significantly less conformational flexibility in the RAR binding pockets. These findings were used to inform docking studies of the synthetic retinoids EC23 and EC19, and their respective methyl esters. EC23 was found to be an excellent mimic for ATRA, and occupied similar binding modes to ATRA in all three target RAR proteins. In comparison, EC19 exhibited an alternative binding mode which reduces the strength of key polar interactions in RARÎ±/Î³ but is well-suited to the larger RARÎ² binding pocket. In contrast, docking of the corresponding esters revealed the loss of key polar interactions which may explain the much reduced biological activity. Our computational results were complemented using an in vitro binding assay based on FRET measurements, which showed that EC23 was a strongly binding, pan-agonist of the RARs, while EC19 exhibited specificity for RARÎ², as predicted by the docking studies. These findings can account for the distinct behaviour of EC23 and EC19 in cellular differentiation assays, and additionally, the methods described herein can be further applied to the understanding of the molecular basis for the selectivity of different retinoids to RARÎ±, Î² and Î³. This model is hosted on BioModels Database and identified by: BIOMD0000000629. To cite BioModels Database, please use: BioModels Database: An enhanced, curated and annotated resource for published quantitative kinetic models. To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to the public domain worldwide. Please refer to CC0 Public Domain Dedication for more information.

Project description:The aim of this study is to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) transcriptionnally regulated by retinoic acid (RA). For that purpose we have used the RA-based treatment of the Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) as a model. This malignancy is characterised by a differentiation arrest of granulopoiesis at the promyelocytic stage. APL is molecularly associated with reciprocal translocations that always involve the retinoic acid receptor a (RARa). In the vast majority of APL cases, a t(15;17) chromosomal translocation fuses the genes encoding the promyelocytic leukemia protein PML and RARa. The resulting PML-RARa is a transcriptional repressor that impedes the expression of RA-regulated genes notably through an aberrant recruitment of transcriptional repressors and histone deacetylases. Consequently, these genes become insensitive to physiological doses (nanoM) of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) but pharmacological doses (microM), overcome the PML-RARa-mediated repression and restore normal transcription and granulocytic differentiation. The restorative effects of RA can be reproduced in vitro in the NB4 cells, which were derived from an APL patient. These cells provide an excellent model to study the transcriptional deregulations that arise in APL and the molecular effects of the anti-cancerous RA-based treatment. We also used in this study the RA-resistant cells, namely NB4-LR1 and NB4-LR2 cells. The NB4-LR1 cells do transcriptionally respond to ATRA but do not maturate. In contrast, the NB4-LR2 cells show a clear defect in RA signaling, as they harbor a truncated form of PML-RAR protein that is not sensitive to pharmacological doses of RA. First, we plan to characterize miRNAs-repressed by PML-RAR. We reasoned that if some miRNAs are repressed by this protein, then pharmacological doses of RA should abolish this repression and lead to an increase in the level of expression of the corresponding miRNAs. NB4, NB4-LR1 and NB4-LR2 cells will thus be treated for 16h with ATRA (1 microM), and miRNAs profiles will be compared. We anticipate that, the expression of a potential miRNA-repressed by PML-RAR should be up-regulated by ATRA in both NB4 and NB4-LR1 cells but remain unchanged in NB4-LR2 cells. This expression pattern should in fact be similar to those observed for known RA-regulated genes, such as RARb, a well characterized target of the RARa and PML-RAR proteins. Importantly, this experimental procedure was already validated with the identification of a miRNA repressed by PML-RAR (patent Lecellier et al. #WO 2006/048553). MiRNAs candidates obtained will then be validated by chromatin immunoprecipitation using anti-RARa and anti-PML antibodies, followed by luciferase assays in presence or absence of ATRA. Keywords: retinoic acid-mediated gene regulation To characterize miRNAs regulated by PML-RAR.

Project description:We defined the RARα interactome in the MDA-MB453 breast cancer cell line genetically engineered to over-express an N-terminally tagged version of the nuclear retinoic acid receptor. Twenty eight nuclear proteins which interact with RARα and whose interaction is stimulated or reduced by the pan-RAR ligand, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) were identified. Given the potential significance of the S100A3 calcium-binding protein in the control of tumor progression, we focused our attention on this factor. Using the two models represented by the ATRA-sensitive SKBR3 and MCF7 breast cancer cell lines characterized by constitutive expression of S100A3 and RARα, we demonstrate that the endogenous forms of S100A3 and RARα interact in physiological conditions. The interaction of S100A3 with RARα is cell context independent and it is observed not only in breast cancer but also in acute promyelocytioc leukemia (APL) cells, characterized by expression of the RARα-derived PML-RARα oncogene, which is the product of the t(15:17) chromosomal translocation. S100A3 interacts directly and specifically with RARα and PML-RARα, being unable to bind other members of the RAR/RXR family of retinoid nuclear receptors. The interaction surface maps to the carboxyl-terminal region of the RARα ligand binding domain. Binding of S100A3 to RARα and PML-RARα controls the constitutive and ATRA-dependent degradation of the two receptors. Silencing of the S100A3 gene decreases the amounts of RARα in breast SK-BR-3 and lung A549 cancer cells, rendering them more refractory to the anti-proliferative action of ATRA. In SK-BR-3 cells, this effect is accompanied by a decrease in the lactogenic/differentiating action of ATRA. In APL-derived NB4 cells, S100A3 knock-down reduces the amounts of both RARα and PML-RARα. Contemporaneous down-regulation of the two receptors is associated with an increase in the basal and ATRA-induced expression of many granulocytic differentiation markers. Opposite on RARα and PML-RARα levels as well as ATRA induced differentiation markers are observed upon over-expression of S100A3 in NB4 cells.

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PRAME induced inhibition of retinoic acid receptor signaling-mediated differentiation - a possible target for ATRA response in AML without t(15;17)

Publications

PRAME-induced inhibition of retinoic acid receptor signaling-mediated differentiation--a possible target for ATRA response in AML without t(15;17).

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