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TET1 is a maintenance DNA demethylase that prevents methylation spreading in adult cells [MeDIP-Seq]

ABSTRACT: We report that full length TET1 (TET1-FL) overexpression fails to induce global DNA demethylation in HEK293T cells. The preferential binding of TET1-FL to hypomethylated CpG islands (CGIs) through its CXXC domain leads to its inhibited 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) production as methylation level increases. TET1-FL-induced 5hmC accumulates at CGI edges, while TET1 knockdown induces methylation spreading from methylated edges into hypomethylated CGIs. However, TET1 can regulate gene transcription independent of its dioxygenase catalytic function. Thus, our results identify TET1 as a maintenance DNA demethylase that does not purposely decrease methylation levels, but specifically maintains the DNA hypomethylation state of CGIs in adult cells. hMeDIP-seq analysis of genomic 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in HEK293T cells overexpressing mTET1-CD, TET1-CD, mTET1-FL, or TET1-FL

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: CHUNLEI JIN

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-44036 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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TET1 is a maintenance DNA demethylase that prevents methylation spreading in differentiated cells.

Jin Chunlei C Lu Yue Y Jelinek Jaroslav J Liang Shoudan S Estecio Marcos R H MR Barton Michelle Craig MC Issa Jean-Pierre J JP

Nucleic acids research 20140529 11

TET1 is a 5-methylcytosine dioxygenase and its DNA demethylating activity has been implicated in pluripotency and reprogramming. However, the precise role of TET1 in DNA methylation regulation outside of developmental reprogramming is still unclear. Here, we show that overexpression of the TET1 catalytic domain but not full length TET1 (TET1-FL) induces massive global DNA demethylation in differentiated cells. Genome-wide mapping reveals that 5-hydroxymethylcytosine production by TET1-FL is inhi ...[more]

PMID: 24875481

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TET1 is a maintenance DNA demethylase that prevents methylation spreading in adult cells [DREAM]

Project description:We report that full length TET1 (TET1-FL) overexpression fails to induce global DNA demethylation in HEK293T cells. The preferential binding of TET1-FL to hypomethylated CpG islands (CGIs) through its CXXC domain leads to its inhibited 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) production as methylation level increases. TET1-FL-induced 5hmC accumulates at CGI edges, while TET1 knockdown induces methylation spreading from methylated edges into hypomethylated CGIs. However, TET1 can regulate gene transcription independent of its dioxygenase catalytic function. Thus, our results identify TET1 as a maintenance DNA demethylase that does not purposely decrease methylation levels, but specifically maintains the DNA hypomethylation state of CGIs in adult cells. Digital restriction enzyme analysis of methylation (DREAM) was performed to determine the DNA methylation profiles of HEK293T cells overexpressing mTET1-CD, TET1-CD, mTET1-FL, or TET1-FL. In this approach, genomic DNA is sequentially cut at CCCGGG sites with the methylation sensitive enzyme SmaI (blunt ends) and its methylation-tolerant neoschizomer XmaI (5M-bM-^@M-^YCCGG overhangs), creating different end sequences that represent methylation status of the CCCGGG sites. These end sequences are analyzed by next generation sequencing, and thereafter the methylation status at individual CCCGGG sites across the genome can be determined.

2014-06-04 | E-GEOD-44038 | biostudies-arrayexpress

TET1 is a maintenance DNA demethylase that prevents methylation spreading in adult cells [RNA-seq]

2014-06-04 | E-GEOD-49833 | biostudies-arrayexpress

TET1 is a maintenance DNA demethylase that prevents methylation spreading in adult cells [cDNA microarray]

Project description:We report that full length TET1 (TET1-FL) overexpression fails to induce global DNA demethylation in HEK293T cells. The preferential binding of TET1-FL to hypomethylated CpG islands (CGIs) through its CXXC domain leads to its inhibited 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) production as methylation level increases. TET1-FL-induced 5hmC accumulates at CGI edges, while TET1 knockdown induces methylation spreading from methylated edges into hypomethylated CGIs. However, TET1 can regulate gene transcription independent of its dioxygenase catalytic function. Thus, our results identify TET1 as a maintenance DNA demethylase that does not purposely decrease methylation levels, but specifically maintains the DNA hypomethylation state of CGIs in adult cells. HEK293T cells were transfected with wild type or catalytically mutant TET1 expression plasmids (TET1-CD, mTET1-CD, TET1-FL and mTET1-FL), or subjected to shRNA-mediated TET1 knockdown. Total RNA samples were extracted and assayed on Affymetrix microarrays

2014-06-04 | E-GEOD-50016 | biostudies-arrayexpress

TET1 is a maintenance DNA demethylase that prevents methylation spreading in adult cells

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series

2014-06-04 | E-GEOD-44039 | biostudies-arrayexpress

TET1 is a maintenance DNA demethylase that prevents methylation spreading in adult cells [RNA-seq]

2014-06-04 | GSE49833 | GEO

TET1 is a maintenance DNA demethylase that prevents methylation spreading in adult cells [MeDIP-Seq]

2014-06-04 | GSE44036 | GEO

TET1 is a maintenance DNA demethylase that prevents methylation spreading in adult cells [DREAM]

2014-06-04 | GSE44038 | GEO

TET1 is a maintenance DNA demethylase that prevents methylation spreading in adult cells [cDNA microarray]

2014-06-04 | GSE50016 | GEO

RNA-seq of HEK293T cells overexpressing TET1-FL or TET1-ALT

Project description:TET1 oxidizes methylated cytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, resulting in regulation of DNA methylation and gene expression. Full length TET1 (TET1-FL) has a CXXC domain that binds to unmethylated stretches of CpG dinucleotides known as CpG islands (CGIs). This CXXC domain allows TET1 to protect CGIs from aberrant methylation but it also limits its ability to regulate genes outside of CGIs. Here we report a novel isoform of TET1 (TET1-ALT) that has a unique transcription start site from an alternate promoter in intron 2, yielding a protein with a unique translation start site. Importantly, TET1-ALT lacks the CXXC domain but retains the catalytic domain. To identify the gene expression targets of TET1-ALT and to compare them to the gene expression targets of TET1-FL, we performed RNA-seq on HEK293T cells that overexpress either Empty Vector (Control), TET1-FL or TET1-ALT.

2017-05-12 | GSE93619 | GEO

TET1 interactome by SILAC IP-MS in mouse ESCs

Project description:TET1 maintains hypomethylation at bivalent promoters through its catalytic activity in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, whether and how TET1 exerts catalytic activity-independent functions in regulating bivalent genes is not well understood. Therefore, we mapped the TET1 interactome in mouse ESCs using a SILAC IP-MS proteomics approach.

2022-06-10 | PXD033587 | Pride

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