Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Effect of Mucuna pruriens against Naja sputatrix envenomation

ABSTRACT: Mucuna pruriens extract MPE pretreatment may have a direct protective effect on heart (other than immunological neutralization of the venom neurotoxin and phospholipase A2 by the anti-MPE antibodies) that renders the heart more resistant to the toxic action of the venom The direct protective effect probably involves functional changes to the cardiac tissue that enable the heart to resist the reduction of contractility and rate induced by the cobra venom.To explore the possibility of the direct action of MPE pretreatment on heart and to understand the molecular events involved in the protection of MPE pretreatment against the lethal action of Naja sputatrix venom, gene expression studies were carried out using microarray analysis. Rats were divided into four groups (n=6): negative control (abbreviated as ‘negative’ group), MPE pretreated group (abbreviated as ‘MPE’ group), N. sputatrix venom-challenge group (abbreviated as ‘NS’ group) and N. sputatrix venom-challenge to MPE pretreated animals group (abbreviated as ‘MPE-NS’ group). In the ‘MPE’ group, rats were injected with MPE at a dose of 21 mg/kg (i.p.), on day 0, 7 and 14, and sacrificed on day 21. In the ‘negative’ group (the untreated, control group), rats were injected with saline of the same volume and sacrificed also on day 21. Hearts were then harvested immediately. In the N. sputatrix venom-challenge group (‘NS’ group), untreated rats were challenged with 1.5 LD50 (1.25 ?g/g) of N. sputatrix venom whereas in the venom challenge to MPE pretreated animals group (the ‘MPE-NS’ group), MPE pretreated rats were challenged with 1.5 LD50 (1.25 ?g/g) of N. sputatrix venom, both on day 21. For the ‘NS’ and ‘MPE-NS’ group, the rats were observed for 24 h after venom challenged and hearts were harvested as soon as death occurred or 24 h after the venom injection, whichever occurred first.

ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus

SUBMITTER: Shin Yee Fung

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-46610 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Publications

Prophylactic effect of Mucuna pruriens Linn (velvet bean) seed extract against experimental Naja sputatrix envenomation: gene expression studies.

Fung Shin Yee SY Sim Si Mui SM Kandiah Jeyaseelan Armugam Arunmozhiarasi A Aguiyi John Chinyere JC Tan Nget Hong NH

Indian journal of experimental biology 20140901 9

Mucuna pruriens is widely used in traditional medicine for treatments of various diseases. In certain region of Nigeria, the seed is used as oral prophylactics for snakebite. Rats pretreated with the aqueous extract from M. pruriens seed (MPE) were protected against the lethal effects of Naja sputatrix (Javan spitting cobra) venom [Tan et al., J Ethnopharmacol, 123 (2009) 356]. The pretreatment also protected against venom-induced histopathological changes in rat heart. To contribute to the unde ...[more]

PMID: 25241584

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Project description:Methamphetamine (METH) is a widely abused illicit amphetamine that causes acute biochemical and molecular changes in the brain. However, there are very few studies that have investigated the long-term effects of a single METH exposure in adult animals. The purpose of this study was thus to determine the consequences of a single injection of METH (10) mg/kg) on the biochemical and transcriptional effects of a second challenge injection of the drug (2.5 mg/kg) given one month later. Towards that end, we measured monoamine levels and gene expression by microarray and quantitative PCR analyses in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of 4 groups of rats: saline-pretreated and saline-challenged (SS); saline-pretreated and METH-challenged (SM); METH-pretreated and saline-challenged (MS); and METH-pretreated and METH-challenged (MM). The rats were euthanized 2 hours after the acute challenge injection and NAc samples were harvested. The acute METH challenge caused increases in NAc DA and HVA levels in both the SM and MM groups. Microarray analyses revealed that an injection of METH (2.5 mg/kg) produced acute changes (1.8-fold; p < 0.01) in the expression of 418 (358 up-, 60 downregulated) genes including several immediate early genes (IEGs) such as Arc, c-fos, and fosB in the SM group. Several neuropeptides including Cart, Crf (Crh), and vasopressin were upregulated in that group. Injection of the higher dose of METH (10 mg/kg) did not influence monoamine levels but caused changes in 510 (345 up-, 165 downregulated) transcripts measured one month later (MS group). This list included Cart and Crf but not any IEGs. The MM group showed changes in 774 (572 up-, 202 downregulated) genes that also included vasopressin, Cart, and Crf whose expression was enhanced by the second METH injection. Quantitative PCR confirmed the METH-induced changes in the expression of the neuropeptides. We also confirmed the METH-induced potentiation of Crf expression in the METH-pretreated group. These observations suggest that a single injection of a moderate dose of METH can produce long-lasting changes in gene expression in the rodent NAc. The long-term increases in Crf expression also suggest that a single injection of a moderate METH dose can cause prolonged dysregulation in the endogenous stress system in the rat brain. 24 samples. SS (4), SM (6), MS (7), MM (7)

Dataset Information

Effect of Mucuna pruriens against Naja sputatrix envenomation

Publications

Prophylactic effect of Mucuna pruriens Linn (velvet bean) seed extract against experimental Naja sputatrix envenomation: gene expression studies.

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