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Gene expression changes caused by YAP overexpression and Nf2 deletion in the developing mouse brain

ABSTRACT: The transcriptional coactivator YAP is the key downstream effector of the Hippo pathway. YAP overexpression in the developing mouse brain results in excessive expansion of the neural progenitor pool and severe perturbation of brain development. Nf2/Merlin is a tumor suppressor whose mutations are found in many human cancers. Loss of Merlin during brain development causes overexpansion of the neural progenitor pool. We used microarrays to identify the gene expression changes caused by YAP overexpression and Nf2 deletion. We used a double-transgenic system to overexpress YAP in the developing mouse brain by crossing mice carrying a doxycycline-dependent allele of YAP1-S127A (TetO-YAP1) with those expressing the reverse tetracycline-dependent transactivator rtTA under the control of the neural progenitor-specific Nestin promoter (Nes-rtTA) and feeding the dam with doxycycline-containing food (200 mg/kg) from E7.5. We conditionally deleted Nf2 using the telencephalon-specific Emx1-Cre.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Geoffrey Neale

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-48078 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Gene expression changes caused by YAP overexpression and Nf2 deletion in the developing mouse brain

Project description:The transcriptional coactivator YAP is the key downstream effector of the Hippo pathway. YAP overexpression in the developing mouse brain results in excessive expansion of the neural progenitor pool and severe perturbation of brain development. Nf2/Merlin is a tumor suppressor whose mutations are found in many human cancers. Loss of Merlin during brain development causes overexpansion of the neural progenitor pool. We used microarrays to identify the gene expression changes caused by YAP overexpression and Nf2 deletion.

2013-06-19 | GSE48078 | GEO

Merlin rescue drives Wnt signalling

Project description:To investigate the effect of Merlin rescue on cell proliferation in 3D, we grew subcutaneous xenografts from NF2-deficient CH-157MN meningioma cells harboring doxycycline inducible WT-Merlin. Mice were treated with or without doxycycline and Merlin induction was confirmed 24 hours after induction with Western blot. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing on five Merlin-deficient tumors and seven Merlin rescue tumors

2023-08-07 | GSE224347 | GEO

High-grade NF2 mutant meningiomas downregulate oncogenic YAP signaling.

Project description:Meningiomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults. Although generally benign, a subset is of higher grade, recurs even after multiple surgeries, and frequently fatal. Around half of meningiomas harbor inactivating mutations in NF2. While low-grade NF2 mutant meningiomas harbor few additional mutations in addition to NF2 inactivation, high-grade NF2 mutant tumors frequently harbor a highly aberrant genome. We and others have previously shown that NF2 inactivation leads to YAP1 activation and that YAP1 acts as an oncogene in NF2 mutant meningiomas. Here, we show that high-grade NF2 mutant meningiomas downregulate YAP1 signaling, in part through upregulating the expression of the YAP1 competitor VGLL4 and the YAP1 upstream regulators FAT3/4. Overexpression of VGLL4 resulted in the downregulation of YAP activity and the growth inhibition of low-grade NF2 mutant meningioma cells. Our results have important implications for the efficacy of therapies targeting oncogenic YAP1 in high-grade NF2 mutant meningiomas.

2024-08-26 | GSE263122 | GEO

RNA sequencing of endothelial cells from mouse brain of WT and EC-specific Nf2-deleted mice

Project description:Understanding of transciptome changes of endothelial cells (ECs) in mouse brain by Nf2/Merlin is unknown. Here, we performed bulk RNA sequencing to investigate the changes of expression patterns by Nf2/Merlin deletion in mouse brain ECs

2022-03-24 | GSE186189 | GEO

YAP/TAZ inhibition induces metabolic and signaling rewiring resulting in new targetable vulnerabilities in NF2-deficient tumor cells

Project description:The NF2 gene, which encodes the Merlin protein, is a bona fide tumor suppressor whose mutations underlie inherited tumor syndrome Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2). Recent large-scale genome sequencing studies have also identified NF2 as one of the most frequently mutated genes in VHL-wild-type kidney cancers. Even though a wide array of downstream signaling pathways has been described for Merlin/NF2, the molecular mechanisms underpinning the growth and survival of NF2 mutant tumors remain poorly understood. Using an inducible orthotopic kidney tumor model, we demonstrate for the first time that silencing of YAP/TAZ is sufficient to induce regression of pre-established NF2 deficient kidney tumors. Mechanistically, we show that YAP/TAZ ablation severely diminishes glycolysis by downregulating the transcription of several glycolytic enzymes and growth factors and RTK-PI3K-AKT signaling, resulting in growth arrest. On the other hand, YAP/TAZ depletion significantly increases mitochondrial respiration and overproduction of mitochondrial ROS, resulting in redox imbalance and oxidative stress cell death when challenged by nutrient stress. Furthermore, we identify lysosome-mediated cAMP-PKA/EPACdependent activation of the RAF-MEK-ERK pathway to be a novel resistance mechanism that allows NF2 deficient tumor cells to survive YAP/TAZ inhibition in vitro and in vivo. Finally, unbiased analysis of TCGA primary kidney tumor transcriptomes confirms strong correlations of a YAP/TAZ signature with the expression of glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation and lysosomal genes, validating the clinical relevance of our findings.

2019-05-04 | GSE125408 | GEO

Expression profile of osteosarcoma cells in which Sox2 maintains cancer stem cells

Project description:Sox2 is required to maintain osteosarcoma cell tumor initiation.Knockdown of Sox2 leads tpo loss of tumorigenic properties. To examine gene expression changes upon Sox2 knockdown, we performed microarray analysis on mouse osteosarcoma cells expressing scrambled or Sox2shRNA. We found that genes upregulated upon Sox2 knockdown included osteoblast diffrentiation genes and genes down regulated included cell cycle and RNA processing genes as well as YAP-TEAD target genes. The Hippo pathway has a profound tumor suppressive role in cancer by restraining the strong growth-promoting function of YAP. We have previously shown that the stem cell transcription factor Sox2 maintains the tumorigenicity of osteosarcoma cancer stem cells (CSCs). In this report, we describe that Sox2 maintains stemness by antagonizing the Hippo pathway via direct repression of Hippo activators, Nf2 (Merlin) and WWC1 (Kibra), thereby leading to exaggerated YAP function. YAP is potently oncogenic in osteosarcoma and its depletion sharply reduces the tumorigenic CSC fraction. Low Nf2, low WWC1, and high YAP expression mark the CSC fraction of the tumor population, while the more differentiated fraction has high Nf2, high WWC1 and reduced YAP expression. This Sox2-Hippo axis is conserved and also operates in other Sox2-dependent cancers such as glioblastomas. We propose that disruption of YAP transcriptional activity reduces CSCs and could be a therapeutic strategy for Sox2- dependent tumors. Gene expression of 482 mouse lines mOS482 were analyzed by microarray. 3 replicates each of scrambled and Sox2shRNA were processed and hybridized

2015-02-15 | E-GEOD-64965 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Merlin/NF2-loss Driven Tumorigenesis Linked to CRL4(DCAF1)-Mediated Inhibition of the Hippo Pathway Components Lats1 and 2

Project description:Studies in drosophila have suggested that Merlin/NF2 suppresses tumorigenesis by activating upstream components of the Hippo pathway at or near the plasma membrane. In contrast, studies of Merlin-deficient tumor cells have indicated that Merlin suppresses tumorigenesis by entering into the nucleus where it inhibits the E3 ubiquitin ligase CRL4DCAF1. We found that CRL4DCAF1 promotes YAP and TEAD-dependent transcription by ubiquitylating and thereby inhibiting Lats1 and 2 in the nucleus. Genetic epistasis experiments and analysis of tumor-derived missense mutations indicate that this signaling connection sustains the oncogenicity of Merlin-deficient tumor cells. Analysis of clinical samples confirms that this pathway operates in NF2 mutant mesotheliomas, schwannomas and meningiomas. We conclude that de-repressed CRL4DCAF1 controls the output of the Hippo pathway by inhibiting Lats1 and 2 in the nucleus.

2014-07-15 | GSE56157 | GEO

Hippo signaling instructs ectopic but not normal organ growth [Liver YapHyper]

Project description:We conditionally activated Yap in hepatocytes of adult mice by two different methods: we deleted the Lats1/2 kinases via injecting AAV8-Cre into Lats1/2 double floxed mice (Lats1/2 KO) and we overexpressed YAP via doxycycline feeding of mice that expressed the tetracycline-activated transactivator (rtTA) under the hepatocyte-specific ApoE promoter and human YAP from a rtTA-responsive TetO promoter (Apo>YAP).

2022-11-19 | GSE211459 | GEO

Analysis of the transcriptomic profile of WT mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF WT) and Nf2-knockout mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF Nf2 KO) cell lines

Project description:Merlin is the tumor suppressor protein encoded by the NF2 gene. The expression of Merlin is remarkably decreased in metastatic breast cancer tissues irrespective of the breast cancer subtype. In order to ascribe clinical relevance, we re-capitulated the loss of Merlin in breast cancer cells. Merlin deficiency elicited a markedly invasive phenotype. In order to overcome the challenge of embryonic lethality of a total Nf2-knockout, we generated a unique mammary-specific Nf2-knockout mouse mammary tumor model. Both, the Nf2-knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) and Merlin-deficient breast tumor cells displayed a robust invasive phenotype. Transcriptomic assessment of Nf2-knockout MEFs revealed notable alterations in glutathione transferase and antioxidant networks indicating a role for Merlin in redox biology. This programmatic alteration resonated with the pathways that emerged from breast tumor cells engineered for Merlin deficiency.

2021-04-14 | GSE157677 | GEO

Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen Identifies an NF2-adheren junction mechanistic dependency for cardiac lineage

Project description:Cardiac differentiation involves a stepwise clearance of repressors and fate-restricting regulators through the modulation of BMP/Wnt-signaling pathways. However, the mechanisms and how regulatory roadblocks are removed with specific developmental signaling pathways remain unclear. Here, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR screen to uncover essential regulators of cardiomyocyte specification in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and identify NF2, a Moesin-Ezrin-Radixin Like (MERLIN) Tumor Suppressor, as an upstream driver of cardiomyocyte specification. Transcriptional regulation and trajectory inference from NF2-null cells reveal the loss of cardiomyocyte identity and the acquisition of non-mesodermal identity. Sustained elevation of early mesoderm lineage repressor SOX2 and upregulation of late anti-cardiac regulators CDX2, MSX1 in NF2 knockout cells reflect a necessary role for NF2 in removing regulatory roadblocks. Since YAP is a known repressor of mesendoderm genes, we found that NF2 and AMOT cooperatively bind to YAP during mesendoderm formation, thereby preventing YAP activation independent on canonical MST-LATS1 kinase activity. Mechanistically, cardiomyocyte lineage identity was rescued by wild-type and NF2 Serine-518 phospho-mutants, but not NF2 FERM-domain blue-box mutants, showing that the critical FERM domain-dependent formation of the AMOT-NF2-YAP scaffold complex at the adherens junction is required for cardiomyocyte lineage differentiation. These results provide mechanistic insight into the essential role of NF2 for cardiomyocyte lineage specification by sequestering the repressive effect of YAP and relieving regulatory roadblocks en route to cardiomyocytes.

2024-04-30 | GSE244362 | GEO

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