Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cell- and cortical bone-derived transcriptional profiles

ABSTRACT: Large-scale transcriptional profiling has enormous potential for discovery of osteoporosis susceptibility genes and for identification of the molecular mechanisms by which these genes and associated pathways regulate bone maintenance and turnover. A potential challenge in the use of this method for the discovery of osteoporosis genes is the difficulty of obtaining bone tissue samples from large numbers of individuals. In this study, we tested the applicability of using peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived transcriptional profiles as a surrogate to cortical bone transcriptional profiles to address questions of skeletal genetics. We used a well-established and genetically well-characterized nonhuman primate model for human bone maintenance and turnover. We determined that a high degree of overlap exists in gene expression of cortical bone and PBMCs and that genes in both the osteoporosis-associated RANK Osteoclast and Estrogen Receptor Signaling pathways are highly expressed in PBMCs. Genes within the Wnt Signaling pathway, also implicated in osteoporosis pathobiology, are expressed in PBMCs, albeit to a lesser extent. These results are the first in an effort to comprehensively characterize the relationship between the PBMC transcriptome and bone M-bM-^@M-^S knowledge that is essential for maximizing the use of PBMCs to identify genes and signaling pathways relevant to osteoporosis pathogenesis. It is also a first step in identifying genes that correlate in a predictable manner between PBMCs and cortical bone from healthy and osteoporotic individuals, potentially allowing us to identify genes that could be used to diagnose osteoporosis prior to detectible bone loss and with easily obtained PBMCs. Total RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and cortical bone of a nonhuman primate model (Papio hamadryas ssp.) of bone maintenance and turnover. Both samples were taken from the same animal. Tissue from 15 animals was used for the study.

ORGANISM(S): Papio hamadryas

SUBMITTER: Heather Coan

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-51495 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Background: Primary osteoporosis has increasingly become one of the risk factors affecting human health, and the clinical effect and action mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of primary osteoporosis have been widely studied. Previous studies have confirmed that in traditional Chinese medicine , Drynaria rhizome has a role in improving bone density. In this study, TMT-based proteomic analysis was conducted to derive potential targets for Drynaria rhizome treatment in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methods: The model group (OVX) and experimental group (OVXDF) for menopausal osteoporosis were established using the universally acknowledged ovariectomy method, and the latter group received intragastric administration of 8.1 g /kg-1 of Drynaria rhizome for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, femurs of rats selected for this study were examined with a bone mineral density (BMD) test, Micro-CT, ELISABiochemical testing, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and immunohistochemistry. A certain portion of the bone tissue was studied with a TMT-based proteomic analysis and functional and pathway enrichment analysis. Finally, key target genes were selected for Western blotting for validation. Results: The comparison of the OVXDF and OVX groups indicated that Drynaria rhizome could improve bone density. In the TMT-based proteomic analysis, the comparison of these two groups revealed a total of 126 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), of which 62 were upregulated and 64 were downregulated. Further, by comparing the differential genes between the OVXDF and OVX groups and between the OVX and SHAM groups, we concluded that the 27 differential genes were significantly changed in the rats selected for the osteoporosis model after Drynaria rhizome intragastric administration. The gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of DEPs showed that molecular function was mainly involved in biological processes, such as glucose metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, immune responses, and aging. A Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of DEPs revealed that multiple differential genes were enriched in the estrogen and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathways. Relationships with nitrogen metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, secretion systems, and tumor diseases were also observed. Western blotting was consistent with the analysis. Conclusions: We used TMT-based proteomics to analyze the positive effects of TCM Drynaria rhizome, which can regulate related proteins through the unique roles of multiple mechanisms, targets, and pathways. This treatment approach can regulate oxidative stress, improve lipid metabolism, reduce the inflammatory response mechanism, and improve bone density. These benefits highlight the unique advantages of TCM in the treatment of primary osteoporosis.

Project description:Beneficial effects of a soy diet on bone quality have been assumed to be due to the putative estrogenic actions of isoflavones. We studied the effects of soy protein isolate (SPI) on bone quality and compared these effects to 17Î²-estradiol (E2) in pre-pubertal rats. Female rats were weaned to a control diet with or without E2 (0.1, 1, 10 Âµg/kg/d), or SPI-containing diet with or without E2 (10 Âµg/kg/d) for 14 days beginning on postnatal day 20. In long bones from SPI-fed rats, only cancellous bone mineral density (BMD) was increased (p<0.05), while cortical BMD was decreased accompanied by lower bone strength compared to control casein-fed rats (p<0.05). In sharp contrast, 10 Âµg/kg/d E2 not only increased trabecular BMD, but also cortical BMD compared to controls. Rats treated with the combination of SPI and E2 had an intermediate bone effect. SPI increased while E2 decreased bone turnover, and increased trabecular BMD by both E2 and SPI was associated with decreased serum sclerostin levels. Microarray analysis revealed 652 genes regulated by SPI diet, 491 genes regulated by E2, and 266 genes regulated in common by both SPI diet and E2 compared to rats fed casein. The expression of caveolin-1, a protein localized in cell membrane, was down-regulated (p<0.05) in rats fed SPI, but not by E2 compared to rats fed casein. Down-regulated caveolin-1 by SPI was associated with increased BMP2, Smad and Runx2 expression in bone and osteoblasts (p<0.05). These results suggest SPI consumption results in significant non-classical estrogenic stimulation of cancellous bone formation prior to puberty, but may have adverse effects on overall bone quality and strength at this developmental stage as a result of reduced cortical bone formation. The study was designed to compare expression of bone development associated genes between soy protein isolate fed and estrogen treated pre pubertal female rats. Therefore, total RNA was isolated from bone from rats fed with control casein diet, SPI diet, 17 beta estrodial treated and SPI diet plus 17 beta estrodial.

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cell- and cortical bone-derived transcriptional profiles

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