Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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HSF1 and HSF2 interactions with chromatin during the heat shock response in mouse spermatocytes

ABSTRACT: Heat shock transcription factors HSF1 and HSF2 both are necessary for proper spermatogenesis, which is disrupted at elevated temperatures. We studied how HSF1 and HSF2 cooperate during the heat shock response in mouse spermatocytes. For this purpose we used ChIP-sequencing. ChIP-Seq analyses revealed that the temperature elevation induces remodeling of HSF1 and HSF2 binding to chromatin. The highest HSF1-chromatin binding was observed at 43M-BM-0C, when HSF2-chromatin binding was reduced. Many promoters (mainly Hsp genes) were occupied by both heat shock factors at physiological temperature of testes and/or at 38M-BM-0C. In contrary at 43M-BM-0C only HSF1 was bound. Obtained results suggest that HSF1 and HSF2 could cooperate in regulation of the transcription of some genes only at physiological temperatures and/or at 38M-BM-0C. Alteration in HSFs interactions and their binding to chromatin could be one of the reason of increased spermatogenic cell death observed after heat shock. On Illumina platform we sequenced DNA immunoprecipitated from isolated spermatocytes using anti-HSF1 antibody or anti-HSF2 antibody. Cells were either untreated (control) or heat shocked for 5-20 minutes. Two PCR-verified ChIP replicates were collected per each sample, and three negative control samples with normal goat serum were included.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Tomasz Stokowy

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-56735 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Prostate cancer (PrCa) is one of the most common malignancies in Western countries. However, the pathways that promote invasion, especially in late-stage castration-resistant PrCa (CRPC), are poorly understood. Heat shock factors (HSFs) are transcriptional regulators essential for cell survival upon proteotoxic stress, and HSF1 is also identified as a driver of oncogenesis. Here, our aim was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that contribute to CRPC and invasion. In silico analyses showed that high HSF1 expression levels correlate with poor survival and high Gleason score in PrCa. In the same data set, HSF2, which has not previously been linked to cancer, displayed decreased expression. Using 3-dimensional (3D) organotypic PrCa cultures that spontaneously undergo an invasive conversion, opposite effects of HSF1 and HSF2 were observed; tumor spheroids lacking HSF1 grew slowly, were polarized and devoid of invasive structures, and depletion of HSF2 potentiated invasiveness. In the in vivo xenograft chorioallantoic membrane model, HSF1 silencing caused tumor regression and fibrosis, and knockdown of HSF2 generated large invasive tumors, verifying the results from the 3D-cultures. Gene expression profiling revealed enrichment of genes connected to translational control when either HSF1 or HSF2 was silenced. HSF1-specific targets were associated with progression of tumorigenesis, whereas HSF2 targets were involved in focal adhesion, critical for invasion. This study provides the first evidence for HSF2 functioning in cancer, i.e. as a tumor suppressor. Moreover, human PrCa tissue microarrays demonstrated increased nuclear HSF1 expression, which significantly correlated with high-grade Gleason score. Cytoplasmic HSF1 was detected in a subset of tumors and intriguingly, correlated with decreased disease-specific survival. This was most pronounced in intermediate Gleason score 7 tumors and in metastases. We propose the use of HSF1 as a biomarker to predict PrCa outcome, thus facilitating clinical decision-making and supporting individualized treatment choices. HSF1 and HSF2 siRNA transfection was performed in triplicates (biological replicates), for 5 and 8 days prior to harvesting total RNA; and compared to PC-3 cells transfected with scrambled control siRNAs for 5 and 8 days, respectively.

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HSF1 and HSF2 interactions with chromatin during the heat shock response in mouse spermatocytes

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