Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

Dataset Information

Hippocampal expression data from FTY720- and vehicle-treated SCID mice following fear consolidation testing

ABSTRACT: FTY720/Fingolimod, an FDA-approved drug for treatment of multiple sclerosis, has beneficial effects in the CNS that are not yet well understood, independent of its effects on immune cell trafficking. Here we show that FTY720 enters the nucleus where it is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2) and nuclear FTY720-P that accumulates there, binds and inhibits class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) enhancing specific histone acetylations. FTY720 is also phosphorylated in mice and accumulates in various brain regions, including hippocampus, inhibits HDACs and enhances histone acetylation and gene expression programs associated with memory and learning leading to improvement of memory impairment independently of its immunosuppressive actions. Our data suggest that sphingosine-1-phosphate and SphK2 play specific roles in memory functions and that FTY720 may be a useful adjuvant therapy to facilitate extinction of aversive memories. Microarrays were used to survey the effect of FTY720 treatment during contextual fear conditioning on hippocampal gene expression. Total RNA was isolated from individual hippocampi of SCID mice 1 hour following fear consolidation testing after the third day of FTY720 or saline treatment. Eight arrays were run in total: 4 FTY720-treated mice and 4 saline-treated control mice.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Michael Miles

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-57015 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Publications

Active, phosphorylated fingolimod inhibits histone deacetylases and facilitates fear extinction memory.

Hait Nitai C NC Wise Laura E LE Allegood Jeremy C JC O'Brien Megan M Avni Dorit D Reeves Thomas M TM Knapp Pamela E PE Lu Junyan J Luo Cheng C Miles Michael F MF Milstien Sheldon S Lichtman Aron H AH Spiegel Sarah S

Nature neuroscience 20140525 7

FTY720 (fingolimod), an FDA-approved drug for treatment of multiple sclerosis, has beneficial effects in the CNS that are not yet well understood, independent of its effects on immune cell trafficking. We show that FTY720 enters the nucleus, where it is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2), and that nuclear FTY720-P binds and inhibits class I histone deacetylases (HDACs), enhancing specific histone acetylations. FTY720 is also phosphorylated in mice and accumulates in the brain, includ ...[more]

PMID: 24859201

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Project description:A synthetic analog of sphingosine named FTY720 (Fingolimod), phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase-2, interacts with sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors expressed on various cells. FTY720 suppresses the disease activity of multiple sclerosis (MS) chiefly by inhibiting S1P-dependent egress of autoreactive T lymphocytes from secondary lymphoid organs, and possibly by exerting anti-inflammmatory and neuroprotective effects directly on brain cells. However, at present, biological effects of FTY720 on human microglia are largely unknown. We studied FTY720-mediated apoptosis of a human microglia cell line HMO6. The exposure of HMO6 cells to non-phosphorylated FTY720 (FTY720-non-P) induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 of 10.6±2.0 microM, accompanied by the cleavage of caspase-7 and caspase-3 but not of caspase-9. The apoptosis was inhibited by Z-DQMD-FMK, a caspase-3 inhibitor, but not by Pertussis toxin, a Gi protein inhibitor, suramin, a S1P3/S1P5 inhibitor, or W123, a S1P1 competitive antagonist, although HMO6 expressed S1P1, S1P2, and S1P3. Furthermore, both phosphorylated FTY720 (FTY720-P) and SEW2871, a S1P1 selective agonist did not induce apoptosis of HMO6. Genome-wide gene expression profiling and molecular network analysis indicated activation of transcriptional regulation by sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) in FTY720-non-P-treated HMO6 cells. Western blot verified activation of SREBP2 in these cells, and apoptosis was enhanced by pretreatment with simvastatin, an activator of SREBP2, and by overexpression of the N-terminal fragment of SREBP2. These observations suggest that FTY720-non-P-induced apoptosis of HMO6 human microglia is independent of S1P receptor binding, and positively regulated by the SREBP2-dependent proapoptotic signaling pathway. The HMO6 cell line was established by immortalizing cultured microglia isolated from human embryonic telencephalon tissues with a retroviral vector PASK1.2 encoding v-myc oncogene (Nagai et al. Neurobiol. Dis. 8: 1057-1068, 2001). HMO6 cells express the markers of the microglia/macrophage lineage cells, including CD11b, CD68, CD86, HLA-ABC, HLA-DR, and ricinus communis agglutinin lectin-1 (RCA), serving as a model of human microglia both in vitro and in vivo. The cells were exposed for 2 hours to 10 microM FTY720-non-P dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or ethanol or exposed to the vehicle.

Dataset Information

Hippocampal expression data from FTY720- and vehicle-treated SCID mice following fear consolidation testing

Publications

Active, phosphorylated fingolimod inhibits histone deacetylases and facilitates fear extinction memory.

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