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Route specific dermal responses to vaccinia virus infection

ABSTRACT: Transcriptional profiles of rabbit skin infected via the intradermal or scarification route of infeciton assessing the early time post infection. Transcriptional profiles were assessed at 4hrs, 24hrs, and 48hrs post infection for each route of infection. Transcript variation is as compared to normal, uninfected rabbit skin. Two condition, three time points per condition. 3 biological replicates per time point per condition. Normal rabbit skin was used as the control.

ORGANISM(S): Oryctolagus cuniculus

SUBMITTER: Richard Moyer

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-57564 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Route specific dermal responses to vaccinia virus infection

Project description:Transcriptional profiles of rabbit skin infected via the intradermal or scarification route of infeciton assessing the early time post infection. Transcriptional profiles were assessed at 4hrs, 24hrs, and 48hrs post infection for each route of infection. Transcript variation is as compared to normal, uninfected rabbit skin.

2014-05-13 | GSE57564 | GEO

Vaccine inoculation route modulates early immunity and consequently antigen-specific immune response

Project description:Vaccination is one of the most efficient public healthcare measures to fight infectious diseases. Nevertheless, the immune mechanisms induced in vivo by vaccination are still unclear. The route of administration, an important vaccination parameter, can substantially modify the quality of the response. How the route of administration affects the generation and profile of immune responses is of major interest. Here, we aimed to extensively characterize the profiles of the innate and adaptive response to vaccination induced after intradermal, subcutaneous, or intramuscular administration with a modified vaccinia virus Ankara model vaccine in non-human primates. The adaptive response following subcutaneous immunization was clearly different from that following intradermal or intramuscular immunization. The subcutaneous route induced a higher level of neutralizing antibodies than the intradermal and intramuscular vaccination routes. In contrast, polyfunctional CD8+ T-cell responses were preferentially induced after intradermal or intramuscular injection. We observed the same dichotomy when analyzing the early molecular and cellular immune events, highlighting the recruitment of cell populations, such as CD8+ T lymphocytes and myeloid-derived suppressive cells, and the activation of key immunomodulatory gene pathways. These results demonstrate that the quality of the vaccine response induced by an attenuated vaccine is shaped by early and subtle modifications of the innate immune response. In this immunization context, the route of administration must be tailored to the desired type of protective immune response. This will be achieved through systems vaccinology and mathematical modeling, which will be critical for predicting the efficacy of the vaccination route for personalized medicine.

2021-05-17 | E-MTAB-10309 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcription profiling of chicken spleen and thymus infected Mareks disease virus (MDV) - a highly contagious oncogenic herpes virus

Project description:Marek's disease virus (MDV) is a highly contagious oncogenic herpes virus. Classed as an alpha herpes virus due to its DNA sequence and genome organization, its biological properties are more similar to those of gamma herpes viruses. MDV causes an initial cytolytic infection in B lymphocytes (3-6dpi) followed by infection of CD4+ T cells (at around 7dpi) where the virus becomes latent (for around two weeks) and then goes on to produce lymphoid tumours in the skin, nerves and internal organs. Early symptoms in susceptible birds include lameness, paralysis, loss of appetite, depression, blindness and immuno-suppression. The route of infection is usually respiratory and the disease is highly contagious, being spread by infective feather-follicle dander. Although birds may survive MDV infection, the resultant immuno-suppression leaves the birds highly susceptible to other infections. MDV infection can thus be associated with high mortality rates and, in turn, large economic losses throughout the worldÃ¯Â¾Âs poultry industry. Three-week-old chicks were inoculated with virus (RB1B) via an intra-gastric route and tissue samples were collected at 2, 3 and 4 days post-inoculation. Spleen and thymus tissue were examined from control and infected birds at 2, 3 and 4 days post-infection in birds known to be either susceptible or resistant to the virus. As well as understanding the host immune response to MDV, we are interested in identifying genes involved in disease resistance and so we have analysed the gene expression profiles at these times, when the innate immune response is active. We assume that genes underlying resistance will be involved at this early stage of the host immune response.

2010-12-31 | E-TABM-721 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Cellular population dynamics shape the route to human pluripotency

Project description:Cellular population dynamics shape the route to human pluripotency

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Early innate immunity determines outcome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis pulmonary infection in rabbits

Project description:In our rabbit model of pulmonary tuberculosis, infection with Mtb HN878, a hyper-virulent W-Beijing strain, results in progressive cavitary disease. However, infection of rabbit lungs with Mtb CDC1551, a hyper-immunogenic strain is effectively controlled overtime, establishing latent Mtb infection. Using these two Mtb strains, we tested the hypothesis that the initial host response in the lungs within hours of infection determines later outcome. The microarray experiments was performed to identify gene expression changes in the Mtb-HN878 or CDC1551- infected rabbit lungs at 3 hours post infection, compared to uninfected naïve rabbit lungs.

2013-08-17 | GSE49947 | GEO

Resveratrol metabolism in HepG2 (human hepatocytes), HaCaT (human keratinocytes), and C2C12 (mouse myoblasts)

Project description:Resveratrol (RESV) is a plant polyphenol, which is thought to have beneficial metabolic effects in laboratory animals as well as in humans. Following oral administration, RESV is immediately catabolized, resulting in low bioavailability. This study compared RESV metabolites and their tissue distribution after oral uptake and skin absorption. Metabolomic analysis of various mouse tissues revealed that RESV can be absorbed and metabolized through skin. We detected sulfated and glucuronidated RESV metabolites, as well as dihydroresveratrol. These metabolites are thought to have lower pharmacological activity than RESV. Similar quantities of most RESV metabolites were observed 4 h after oral or skin administration, except that glucuronidated RESV metabolites were more abundant in skin after topical RESV application than after oral administration. This result is consistent with our finding of glucuronidated RESV metabolites in cultured skin cells. RESV applied to mouse ears significantly suppressed inflammation in the TPA inflammation model. The skin absorption route could be a complementary, potent way to achieve therapeutic effects with RESV. </p> Cells were treated with 0, 20 or 200 µM RESV for 4 h. After washing with PBS, cells were lysed, and metabolites were extracted and analyzed by LC-MS. Peak areas metabolites were normalized by peak areas of spiked internal standards (10 nmol 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) and piperazine-N,N’-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid) (PIPES). 3 samples for each condition (except for HaCaT 200 µM, 2 samples).

2014-12-15 | MTBLS127 | MetaboLights

Deciphering metastatic route-specific signals and their microenvironment interactions in peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer

Project description:Gastric cancer (GC) constitutes a significant cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with metastatic patterns including hematogenous, peritoneal, and ovarian routes. Although GC gene expression patterns have been extensively researched, the metastasis-specific gene expression landscape remains largely unexplored. This study undertook a whole transcriptome sequencing analysis of 66 paired primary and metastatic (hematogenous, peritoneal, or ovarian) GC tumors from 14 patients, leading to the identification of 122 unique metastasis-specific epithelial-mesenchymal transition (msEMT) genes. These genes demonstrated varying expression patterns depending on the metastatic route, suggesting route-specific molecular mechanisms in GC metastasis. High expression of msEMT genes in primary tumors was associated with more frequent CDH1 mutations, the genomically stable subtype, and poor prognosis in The Cancer Genome Atlas GC cohort. This association was further corroborated by poor prognosis and high predictive performance for peritoneal or ovarian recurrence in two independent cohorts (GSE66229; n=300, GSE84437; n=433). Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of primary tumors (GSE167297) and four independent ascites samples from GC patients revealed that msEMT genes were predominantly expressed in diverse fibroblast sub-populations, rather than cancer cells. This study illuminates the route-specific mechanisms and underlines the significance of msEMT genes and cancer-associated fibroblasts in GC metastasis, highlighting potential directions for future research.

2024-07-01 | GSE237876 | GEO

Carbon Negative Production of Platform Chemicals: Design, Optimization and Scale-Up of an Economic Biotechnological Route

Project description:Carbon Negative Production of Platform Chemicals: Design, Optimization and Scale-Up of an Economic Biotechnological Route

2020-08-11 | MSV000085940 | MassIVE

RNAseq of rabbit lungs infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis as single cells or aggregates

Project description:The virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), either as mostly aggregates or single cells (Mtb-SC), was compared using a rabbit model of pulmonary infection. Our hypothesis is that aggregation contributes to enhanced virulence of Mtb. Rabbit lung transcriptome was analyzed by RNAseq to identify differentially regulated gene networks and pathways between Mtb-AG and Mtb-SC infection of rabbit lungs soon after seeding of the bacteria (24 hours post-inoculation).

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A Dicer-Independent Route for Biogenesis of siRNAs that Direct DNA Methylation in Arabidopsis

Project description:DNA methylation directed by 24-nucleotide (nt) small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) plays critical roles in gene regulation and transposon silencing in Arabidopsis. Twenty-four-nt siRNAs are known to be processed from double-stranded RNAs by Dicer-like 3 (DCL3) and loaded into the effector Argonaute 4 (AGO4). Here we report a distinct class of siRNAs independent of DCLs (sidRNAs). sidRNAs are present as ladders of ~20 to 60nt in length, often having same 5' ends but differing in 3' ends by 1-nt steps. We further show that sidRNAs are associated with AGO4 and capable of directing DNA methylation. Finally we show that sidRNA production depends on AGO4 and distributive 3'-5' exonucleases. Our findings suggest an alternative route for siRNA biogenesis: precursor transcripts are bound by AGO4 and subsequently subjected to 3'-5' exonucleolytic trimming for maturation. We propose that sidRNAs generated through this route are the initial triggers of de novo DNA methylation. Small RNAs were profiled in Arabidopsis wild type (Col-0), dcl1/2/3/4 and other mutants by Illumina high-throughput sequencing, to identify siRNAs independent of DCLs (sidRNAs) and dissect their biogenesis pathway. DNA methylation was profiled in various mutants by whole-genome bisulfite sequencing to establish a role for sidRNAs in DNA methylation

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