Global transcriptome response of Staphylococcus xylosus in meat model
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Staphylococcus xylosus
SUBMITTER: Sabine Leroy
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-69743 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
Similar Datasets
Project description:Staphylococcus xylosus is one of the major starter cultures used for meat fermentation because of its crucial role in the reduction of nitrate to nitrite, which contributes to color and flavor development. Despite the long use of these additives, their impact on the physiology of S. xylosus has not yet been explored. We present the first in situ global gene expression profile of S. xylosus in meat supplemented with nitrate and nitrite. More than 600 genes of S. xylosus were differentially expressed at 24 or 72 hours of incubation. They represent more than 20% of the total genes and led us to suppose that addition of nitrate and nitrite to meat leads to a global change in gene expression. This profile revealed that S. xylosus is subject to nitrosative stress caused by reactive nitrogen species generated from nitrate and nitrite. To overcome this stress, S. xylosus has developed several oxidative stress resistance mechanisms, such as modulation of the expression of several genes involved in iron homeostasis and in antioxidant defense. Most of these genes belong to the Fur and PerR regulons respectively. S. xylosus has also counteracted this stress by developing DNA and protein repair. Furthermore, it has adapted its metabolic responseM-bM-^@M-^Tcarbon and nitrogen metabolism, energy production and cell wall biogenesisM-bM-^@M-^Tto the alterations produced by nitrosative stress. Microarray was used to evaluate modification in the transcriptome of S. xylosus C2a strain in the presence (N) or absence (V) of nitroso compounds. Three biological replicates collected on separate days for each meat matrix and labelled following a dye-switch design; for each condition one labeling in Cy3 and one in Cy5.
2014-10-08 | E-GEOD-61514 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Staphylococcus xylosus is used as starter culture for sausage fermentation for a long time but the molecular mechanisms for its adaptation in meat remained unknown. A global transcriptomic approach was carried out to determine these molecular mechanisms. S. xylosus modulated the expression of about 30% of the total genes during its growth and survival in the meat model. The expression of many genes encoding enzymes involved in glucose and lactate catabolism was up regulated. In parallel, genes encoding transport of peptides and peptidases that could furnish amino acids were up expressed and thus concomitantly a lot of genes involved in amino acids synthesis were down regulated. Finally S. xylosus responded to salt added in the meat model by over expressing genes involved in transport and synthesis of osmoprotectants, Na+ and H+ extrusion and in production of energy through the F0F1-ATPase.
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Project description:A mRNA expression study has been performed 20-25 minutes postmortem obtained samples from Longissimus dorsi muscle of 59 Duroc x LD/LW pigs to search for gene sequences related to meat quality (pH24, pH45, “Lab” colour coordinates, curing yield and exudation at three different times) or to meat composition (intramuscular fat, content of several fatty acid (C16:0, C18:0, C18:1 and C18:2), ratio of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and protein and humidity contents) traits in order to find targets for selection. Gene ontology analysis, biological pathways and gene networks studies all show, that many more differentially expressed genes (506 vs 279) are related to meat quality (Group P, or perimortem characters) than to meat composition traits (Group L, or whole life traits). The difference between the number of GO terms annotated, biological pathways and gene networks in groups P and L is notable due to the differences in the complexity of the “generation process” of P-traits and the involvement of other tissues or organs in the generation of variability of L-traits. Also, interactions between a list of differentially expressed genes were found in ECM-receptor interaction, TGF-beta signaling pathway, fatty acid elongation in mitochondria and adipocytokine signalling pathway indicating that a substantial fraction of the gene networks could be associated with interactions between differential expressed genes related to traits under study. A high number of the most overexpressed genes are related to muscle development and functionality and repair mechanisms; they could be good candidates for breeding programs whose main goal is to enhance meat quality. 59 Longissimus Dorsi samples from 59 LD/LW x Duroc cross. A total of 33 traits on composition, conformation and meat quality and compositional traits were recorded in the left Longissimus dorsi muscle.
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