Genome-wide gene expression in Marfan Syndrome smooth muscle cells (MFS-SMCs) in comparison to that in mutation corrected (mcMFS-SMCs)
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
SUBMITTER: Jung Park
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-78833 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:Analysis of gene expression comparison between MFS- and mcMFS-SMCs
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Project description:Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a premature aging disease in children that leads to early death. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are the most affected cells in HGPS patients, although the reason for such vulnerability remains poorly understood. In this work, we developed a chip formed from HGPS-SMCs that were generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to study their vulnerability to flow shear stress. HGPS-iPSC SMCs cultured under arterial flow conditions detached from the chip after a few days of culture; this process was mediated by the up-regulation of metalloprotease 13 (MMP13). Importantly, double mutant LmnaG609G/G609GMmp13-/- mice or LmnaG609G/G609GMmp13+/+ mice treated with a MMP inhibitor showed lower SMC loss in the aortic arch than controls. MMP13 up-regulation appears to be mediated, at least in part, by the up-regulation of glycocalyx. Our results offer a new platform for developing treatments for HGPS patients that may complement previous pre-clinical and clinical treatments.
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Project description:Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a premature aging disease in children that leads to early death. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are the most affected cells in HGPS patients, although the reason for such vulnerability remains poorly understood. In this work, we developed a chip formed from HGPS-SMCs that were generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to study their vulnerability to flow shear stress. HGPS-iPSC SMCs cultured under arterial flow conditions detached from the chip after a few days of culture; this process was mediated by the up-regulation of metalloprotease 13 (MMP13). Importantly, double mutant LmnaG609G/G609GMmp13-/- mice or LmnaG609G/G609GMmp13+/+ mice treated with a MMP inhibitor showed lower SMC loss in the aortic arch than controls. MMP13 up-regulation appears to be mediated by the up-regulation of heparan sulfate, a glycocalyx component. Our results offer a new platform for developing treatments for HGPS patients that may complement previous pre-clinical and clinical treatments.
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Project description:The LIM-only protein FHL2 is expressed in SMCs and inhibits SMC-rich lesion formation. However, the underlying mechanism behind FHL2's action in SMCs has been only partially resolved. To further elucidate the role of FHL2 in SMCs we compared the transcriptome of cultured SMCs derived from wild-type (WT) and FHL2-knockout (KO) mice. Comparison of gene expression in aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) isolated from WT and FHL2-knockout (FHL2-KO) mice. SMCs isolated from three mouse aortas were pooled (Kurakula et al, PLOS One, 2014). Both for WT and FHL-KO mice three batches of SMCs (derived from 9 mice) were cultured. The SMCs were grown to confluency and maintained in serum-free medium for 48 hrs before harvest. Subsequently, RNA was isolated for gene expression profiling.
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Project description:Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare and fatal human premature aging disease1-5, characterized by premature atherosclerosis and degeneration of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs)6-8. HGPS is caused by a single-point mutation in the LMNA gene, resulting in the generation of progerin, a truncated mutant of lamin A. Accumulation of progerin leads to various aging-associated nuclear defects including disorganization of nuclear lamina and loss of heterochromatin9-12. Here, we report the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from fibroblasts obtained from patients with HGPS. HGPS-iPSCs show absence of progerin, and more importantly, lack the nuclear envelope and epigenetic alterations normally associated with premature aging. Upon differentiation of HGPS-iPSCs, progerin and its associated aging consequences are restored. In particular, directed differentiation of HGPS-iPSCs to SMCs leads to the appearance of premature senescent SMC phenotypes associated with vascular aging. Additionally, our studies identify DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNAPKcs) as a component of the progerin-containing protein complex. The absence of nuclear DNAPKcs correlates with premature as well as physiological aging. Since progerin also accumulates during physiological aging6,12,13, our results provide an in vitro iPSC-based model with an acceleration progerin accumulation to study the pathogenesis of human premature and physiological vascular aging. Microarray gene expression profiling was done to: (1) Compare differences between WT fibroblasts and fibroblasts from patients suffering of the Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (2) Check that iPSC originating from WT and patients are in fact similar to ESC
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Project description:There is a growing recognition of cerebrovascular contribution to neurodegenerative diseases. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), characterised by amyloid-beta (AM-NM-2) deposits in the walls of intracerebral and leptomeningeal arteries, is evident in a majority of AlzheimerM-bM-^@M-^Ys disease patients and aged people. Here, we leverage on human pluripotent stem cells to generate vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from neural crest progenitors, recapitulating brain vasculature-specific attributes in AM-NM-2 metabolism. We confirm that the lipoprotein receptor, LRP1, functions in our neural crest-derived SMCs to mediate AM-NM-2 uptake and intracellular proteasomal degradation. Hypoxia significantly compromises the ability of SMCs in AM-NM-2 clearance by suppressing LRP1 expression. This enables us to develop an assay of AM-NM-2 uptake using the neural crest-derived SMCs with hypoxia as a stress paradigm. We then tested several vascular protective compounds in a high throughput format, demonstrating the value of stem cell-based phenotypic screening for novel CAA therapeutics and drug repurposing. We adopted our previous SMC differentiation protocol (Cheung et al., 2012) to differentiate this intermediate neural crest population using platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB, 10 ng/ml) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-M-NM-21, 2ng/ml) for another 12 days. The resultant neural crest-derived SMCs (NCSMC) were then characterised in comparison to neuroectoderm-derived SMCs (NESMC) (Cheung et al., 2012) and positive control, human brain vascular SMCs (BVSMC).
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