Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Transcriptome effects of persistent organic pollutants in the liver of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

ABSTRACT: In the North Sea and adjacent North Atlantic coastal areas fish experience relatively high levels of persistent organic pollutants. The aim of this study is to compare the mode of actions of environmentally relevant concentrations of halogenated compounds and their mixtures in Atlantic cod. Juvenile male cod were fed mixtures of chlorinated (PCBs, DDT analogs, chlordane, lindane and toxaphene), brominated (PBDEs) and fluorinated (Perfluorooctanesulfonate/PFOS) compounds for one month. One group received a mixture of all three compounds. Transcriptome analysis of liver samples was performed to identify the main affected pathways. Accumulated levels of chemicals in cod liver reflected concentrations found in wild fish. Pathway analysis revealed that the treatment effects by each of the three groups of chemicals (chlorinated, brominated and fluorinated) converged on activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). The results of our transcriptomics analysis suggest that the UPR pathway is a sensitive common target of halogenated organic environmental pollutants

INSTRUMENT(S): Illumina HiSeq 4000

ORGANISM(S): Gadus morhua

SUBMITTER:

PROVIDER: E-MTAB-12338 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): ERP142061

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Trihalomethanes (THM) are a class of disinfection by-products in chlorinated waters linked to deleterious health effects in humans although biological mechanisms are unclear. We aimed to study short-term changes in blood gene expression of adult recreational swimmers associated with physical activity and THM exposure. Adult volunteers (18-50 years, non-smokers, non-asthmatics) swam 40 minutes in an indoor chlorinated pool in Barcelona. Blood samples and THM measurements in exhaled breath were collected before and 5 min/1h after swimming, respectively. Physical activity intensity was calculated as metabolic equivalents (METs). Gene expression in whole blood RNA was evaluated using Illumina HumanHT-12v3 Expression-BeadChip. Linear mixed models, Gene Set Enrichment Analyses-GSEA and mediation analyses were used. The study population comprised 37 before-after pairs, with mean age 31 years (SD: 6.0), 60% female, and average changes before-after swimming of 1.75 METs (SD: 1.36) and 0.23 Âµg/m3 of exhaled bromoform (SD: 0.23). Among THM, bromoform yielded the strongest effect on gene expression changes. Eighty eight probes were associated with bromoform, 326 probes with MET and 77 probes overlapped. In mutually adjusted models, 15 probes remained significant for MET after False Discovery Rate (FDR). Although not FDR significant, in 23 nominally significant probes (p-value <0.05), fulfilling criteria for exploring mediation, 29.5 to 53.4% of MET effect was mediated by exhaled bromoform. Individual genes in this subset and the GSEA of the mutually adjusted gene lists of bromoform and MET were associated with pathways related to inflammatory/immune response and to several cancers. In this first study evaluating short-term gene expression changes associated with swimming in a chlorinated pool, changes in gene expression were observed in association with physical activity with part of this effect mediated through bromoform exposure. Identified genes were correlated with inflammatory, immune response and cancer pathways. These results need replication in larger studies. Expression profile differences were determined between total RNA extracted before and after exposure to trihalomethanes present in swimming pool water for 40 minute from whole blood samples from 33 healthy human individuals.

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Transcriptome effects of persistent organic pollutants in the liver of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

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