GDF15 antagonism limits severe heart failure and prevents cardiac cachexia in mice
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Illumina NovaSeq 6000
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
SUBMITTER: Xiaohui Zhao
PROVIDER: E-MTAB-12831 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
Similar Datasets
Project description:GDF15 antagonism limits severe heart failure and prevents cardiac cachexia in mice
| PRJEB61161 | ENA
Project description:Cardiac cachexia is a common complication of heart failure in severe cases and is associated with a poor prognosis. Several skeletal muscle abnormalities have been described in patients and animals with cardiac cachexia; these include atrophy, fibrosis, altered myosin heavy chain composition, and decreased oxidative capacity. It is also well established that gene expression patterns are substantially altered in cardiac cachexia, but the reasons for such differences are not clear.
2015-12-01 | GSE72701 | GEO
Project description:Cancer cachexia is a disorder characterized by both involuntary weight loss and impaired physical performance. Decline in physical performance of patients with cachexia is associated with poor quality of life, and currently there are no effective pharmacological interventions that restore physical performance. Here we examined the effect of GDF15 neutralization in a mouse model of cancer-induced cachexia (TOV21G) that manifested weight loss and muscle function impairments. With comprehensive assessments, our results demonstrated that cachectic mice treated with the anti-GDF15 antibody mAB2 exhibited body weight gain with near-complete restoration of muscle mass and markedly improved muscle function and physical performance. Mechanistically, the improvements induced by GDF15 neutralization were primarily attributed to increased caloric intake, while altered gene expressions in cachectic muscles were restored in both caloric intake-dependent and -independent manners. The findings implicate the potential of GDF15 neutralization as an effective therapy to enhance physical performance of patients with cachexia.
2023-01-11 | GSE214603 | GEO
Project description:Growth differentiating factor (GDF)15 is a TGFβ superfamily cytokine and a reported biomarker of heart failure. Myocardial expression of GDF15 is increased in heart failure. Yet, the mechanisms that control synthesis and release of GDF15 as well as the autocrine/paracrine functions of GDF15 on fibroblast function is lacking. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate signaling pathways and functions of GDF15 in cardiac fibroblasts. Cardiac fibroblasts and cardiac myocytes were isolated from adult C57/BL6 mice, maintained in primary culture and stimulated with recombinant (r)GDF15 or recombinant (r)CCN2. Short-term stimulation (30 minutes) of cardiac fibroblasts demonstrated a GDF15-induced activation of several intracellular signaling pathways including a concentration-dependent increase of phospho-Smad3(Ser423/425) (p<0.05, n=3), phospho-AKT(Ser473) (p<0.05, n=3) and phospho-IκBα(Ser32/36) (p<0.05, n=3) levels. However, rGDF15 did not phosphorylate Smad3(Ser423/425) or IκBα(Ser32/36) in cardiac myocyte. Cardiac fibroblasts exposed to rGDF15 for 48 hours displayed differentiation towards myofibroblasts reflected by increased levels of the differentiation marker α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) similar to cardiac fibroblasts stimulated with TGFβ. The effect of GDF15 on α-SMA was dose-dependent ranging from 500 nM - 20 nM rGDF15 (p<0.05, n=3). Differentiation towards a myofibroblast phenotype in the presence of GDF15 was also supported by higher matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzyme activity in the cell culture medium (6±1 fold increase, n=3, p<0.05) and increased expression and release of MMP-3, 9 and 13. Immunoreactive GDF15 was predominantly found in cardiac myocytes. Recombinant CCN2 substantially induced GDF15 expression in cardiac myocytes, but not in cardiac fibroblasts. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that GDF15 is a paracrine factor in myocardial tissue and specifically regulated by CCN2 in cardiac myocytes. GDF15 has similar effects as TGFβ on fibroblasts by activation of intracellular signaling pathways and differentiation to a myofibroblasts phenotype.
2017-02-19 | GSE55252 | GEO
Project description:Cardiac dysfunction often arises during the early stages of cancer cachexia, posing a significant complication of the disease. Physical fitness is commonly recommended in these early stages of cancer cachexia due to its beneficial impacts on various aspects of the condition, including cardiac dysfunction. However, the direct functional impacts of exercise on the heart during cancer cachexia largely remain unexplored. In this study, we induced cancer cachexia in mice using a metastatic B16F10 melanoma model. Concurrently, these mice underwent a physical exercise regimen to investigate its potential role in cardiac function during cachexia. Our findings indicate that exercise training can help prevent metastatic melanoma-induced muscle loss without significant alterations to body and fat weight. Moreover, exercise improved the melanoma-induced decline in ejection fraction and fractional shortening, while also mitigating the increase in high-sensitive cardiac troponin T levels caused by metastatic melanoma in mice. Transcriptome analysis revealed that exercise significantly reversed the transcriptional alterations in the heart induced by melanoma, which were primarily enriched in pathways related to heart contraction. These results suggest that exercise can improve systolic heart function and directly influence the transcriptome of the heart during metastatic melanoma-induced cachexia.
2024-02-03 | GSE240131 | GEO
Project description:Cachexia is associated with poor prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure. The underlying mechanisms of cachexia triggered heart failure progression, however, are not well understood. Here, we investigated whether the dysregulation of myokine expression from wasting skeletal muscle and impaired inter-organ crosstalk during advanced heart failure might contribute to progression of the disease. RNA sequencing analysis from wasting skeletal muscles of mice with cardiac cachexia during long-term pressure overload revealed a strongly reduced expression of Ostn. Ostn encodes for the skeletal muscle derived myokine Musclin, which had been previously implicated in the enhancement of natriuretic peptide (NP) signaling. Using newly developed skeletal muscle specific, inducible Ostn knock-out mice, we demonstrated that reduced skeletal muscle Musclin levels exaggerated cardiac dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis compared to littermate control mice after TAC. Restoration of Musclin deficiency during cardiac cachexia via AAV6-mediated skeletal muscle specific Musclin overexpression, in turn, attenuated left ventricular dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis. Mechanistically, we found that Musclin enhanced CNP/NPR2/cGMP signaling in cardiomyocytes, which led to improved contractility by inhibition of the cAMP degrading phosphodiesterase (PDE)3 and augmented cAMP/protein kinase A signaling. In addition, Musclin directly acted on cardiac fibroblasts to inhibit their activation. Together, our study indicates the therapeutic potential of targeting interorgan cross-talk during heart failure, for example by counteracting the impaired secretion of the Musclin from wasting skeletal muscle.
2021-11-02 | GSE129205 | GEO
Project description:Elevation of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) has recently emerged as a key driver of cancer cachexia, a syndrome of extreme weight loss that affects patients with various types of cancer. Chemotherapy, as well as the tumour itself have been reported to contribute to increased GDF15 secretion in both cancer and host tissues. Bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) domain proteins have been shown to regulate GDF15 expression in pancreatic cancer cells. With currently neither preventive strategies nor specific therapeutic options for cachexia available, antibodies targeting GDF15 or its receptor are being developed. However, the mechanism of chemotherapy-induced GDF15 upregulation in tumour and host cells is still unknown, leaving uncertainty about safety and efficacy of therapies targeting retrospective reduction of GDF15 in cancer cachexia. We tested various cardiotoxic drugs for their effect on GDF15 regulation in cardiomyocyte cell culture and analysed gene expression, mutational status, and pathway activities of the NCI-60 cancer cell line panels to get further insights into the regulation of GDF15 expression in both cancer and host cells upon treatment with anticancer drugs. To investigate the regulatory effect of BET inhibition on GDF expression more extensively, we screened BET inhibitors in doxorubicin treated human cardiomyocyte cell culture as well as in 21 cancer cell lines and performed differential analysis of gene expression, metabolites, and pathway activities. Our results reveal that DNA interacting compounds induce GDF15 expression in human cardiomyocytes up to 20-fold, whereas cardiotoxic drugs with other modes of action led, if at all, to less than 3-fold induction. We discovered that BET inhibitors suppress doxorubicin-induced GDF15 overexpression in human cardiomyocytes up to 7.4-fold (p=0.0051). In cancer cell lines, we identified compound-specific gene signatures that correlate with the extent of GDF15 induction upon treatment in the espective cell line. BET inhibition also reduces GDF15 expression in a defined subset of cancer cell lines that differentiate from the other tested cell lines in a less active PI3K/Akt axis and significantly higher extracellular pantothenate concentration (p=0.00095). We identified compound- and cell-line-specific gene signatures that predict GDF15 upregulation upon treatment, providing indication that the risk for drug-induced GDF15 overexpression and concomitant cachexia can be reduced by a biomarker-driven selection of patient-specific anticancer agents. Our results suggest that BET inhibitors could counteract cachexia at the transcriptional level in tumour and host tissues by reducing GDF15 expression. We identified characteristic gene and metabolite expressions of responsive cancer cell lines that can serve as biomarkers for patient selection.
2023-07-07 | GSE210541 | GEO
Project description:Elevation of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) has recently emerged as a key driver of cancer cachexia, a syndrome of extreme weight loss that affects patients with various types of cancer. Chemotherapy, as well as the tumour itself have been reported to contribute to increased GDF15 secretion in both cancer and host tissues. Bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) domain proteins have been shown to regulate GDF15 expression in pancreatic cancer cells. With currently neither preventive strategies nor specific therapeutic options for cachexia available, antibodies targeting GDF15 or its receptor are being developed. However, the mechanism of chemotherapy-induced GDF15 upregulation in tumour and host cells is still unknown, leaving uncertainty about safety and efficacy of therapies targeting retrospective reduction of GDF15 in cancer cachexia. We tested various cardiotoxic drugs for their effect on GDF15 regulation in cardiomyocyte cell culture and analysed gene expression, mutational status, and pathway activities of the NCI-60 cancer cell line panels to get further insights into the regulation of GDF15 expression in both cancer and host cells upon treatment with anticancer drugs. To investigate the regulatory effect of BET inhibition on GDF expression more extensively, we screened BET inhibitors in doxorubicin treated human cardiomyocyte cell culture as well as in 21 cancer cell lines and performed differential analysis of gene expression, metabolites, and pathway activities. Our results reveal that DNA interacting compounds induce GDF15 expression in human cardiomyocytes up to 20-fold, whereas cardiotoxic drugs with other modes of action led, if at all, to less than 3-fold induction. We discovered that BET inhibitors suppress doxorubicin-induced GDF15 overexpression in human cardiomyocytes up to 7.4-fold (p=0.0051). In cancer cell lines, we identified compound-specific gene signatures that correlate with the extent of GDF15 induction upon treatment in the espective cell line. BET inhibition also reduces GDF15 expression in a defined subset of cancer cell lines that differentiate from the other tested cell lines in a less active PI3K/Akt axis and significantly higher extracellular pantothenate concentration (p=0.00095). We identified compound- and cell-line-specific gene signatures that predict GDF15 upregulation upon treatment, providing indication that the risk for drug-induced GDF15 overexpression and concomitant cachexia can be reduced by a biomarker-driven selection of patient-specific anticancer agents. Our results suggest that BET inhibitors could counteract cachexia at the transcriptional level in tumour and host tissues by reducing GDF15 expression. We identified characteristic gene and metabolite expressions of responsive cancer cell lines that can serve as biomarkers for patient selection.
2023-07-07 | GSE210540 | GEO
Project description:Agonist-induced cardiac hypertrophy in TG1306/1R transgenic mice with cardiac angiotensin II overproduction leads to a gradual transition from a compensatory hypertrophic state to heart failure. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms that play a role in maintaining cardiac integrity in the diseased heart, we performed a comparative study of gene expression between wild-type (WT) and transgenic (TG) hearts using microarray analysis. TG1306/1R transgenics were separated into two phenotypic groups (hypertrophic and dilated) based on morphological parameters (cardiac weight index and histology) and either a moderate (hypertrophic) or a high (dilated) upregulation of molecular markers for hypertrophy and failure, and compared to age and sex-matched wild-types. In this series, twelve 60 week old male TG1306/1R mice were separated into 3 groups: WT1-4= Four Wild-types TG1306/1R littermates genetically negative for the transgene (-/-) Hyp1-4= Four TG1306/1R mice heterozygote for the transgene (-/+) and developing a concentric hypertrophic phenotype* Dil1-4 = Four TG1306/1R mice heterozygote for the transgene (-/+) and developing a dilated cardiac phenotype* This series contains 4 biological replicates for the following triangulation: WT is compared to Hyp, WT is compared to Dil, and Hyp is compared to Dil. * For further information read: Domenighetti AA, Wang Q, Egger M, Richards SM, Pedrazzini T, Delbridge LM. Angiotensin II-mediated phenotypic cardiomyocyte remodeling leads to age-dependent cardiac dysfunction and failure. Hypertension. 2005 Aug;46(2):426-32. [PMID: 15998712]
2010-05-18 | E-GEOD-13336 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:An important event in the pathogenesis of heart failure is the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. In cultured cardiac cardiomyocytes, the transcription factor Gata4 is required for agonist-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. We hypothesized that in the intact organism Gata4 is an important regulator of postnatal heart function and of the hypertrophic response of the heart to pathological stress. To test this hypothesis, we studied mice heterozygous for deletion of the second exon of Gata4 (G4D). At baseline, G4D mice had mild systolic and diastolic dysfunction associated with reduced heart weight and decreased cardiomyocyte number. After transverse aortic constriction (TAC), G4D mice developed overt heart failure and eccentric cardiac hypertrophy, associated with significantly increased fibrosis and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Inhibition of apoptosis by overexpression of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor prevented TAC-induced heart failure in G4D mice. Unlike WT-TAC controls, G4D-TAC cardiomyocytes hypertrophied by increasing in length more than width. Gene expression profiling revealed upregulation of genes associated with apoptosis and fibrosis, including members of the TGF? pathway. Our data demonstrate that Gata4 is essential for cardiac function in the postnatal heart. After pressure overload, Gata4 regulates the pattern of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and protects the heart from load-induced failure. Experiment Overall Design: We reasoned that if Gata4 was a crucial regulator of pathways necessary for cardiac hypertrophy, then modest reductions of Gata4 activity should result in an observable cardiac phenotype. To test this hypothesis, we used gene targeted mice that express reduced levels of Gata4. We characterized these mice at baseline and after pressure Experiment Overall Design: overload.
2007-11-13 | E-GEOD-5500 | biostudies-arrayexpress