Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Whole-exome sequencing of genomic DNA extracted from patient-derived melanoma cell lines resistant to vemurafenib (PLX) or trametinib (TRA)

ABSTRACT: Whole-exome sequencing was performed on DNA samples extracted from seven melanoma cell lines resistant to either vemurafenib (BRAF V600E inhibitor) or trametinib (MEK1/2 inhibitor). The aim of the experiment was to search for genetic alterations responsible for phenotypic diversity of melanoma cell lines reported at the level of cell morphology, activity of signaling pathways essential for melanoma development and progression, and resistance to targeted therapeutics.

INSTRUMENT(S): Illumina HiSeq 4000

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Mariusz Hartman

PROVIDER: E-MTAB-7248 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Background:Despite the progress made in the clinical management of metastatic melanoma, a patient's response to treatment cannot be fully predicted, and intrinsic or acquired resistance that is developed in most melanoma patients warrants further research efforts. In addition to genetic factors, microenvironmental input should be considered to explain the diversity of response to treatment among melanoma patients. In this study, we evaluated the impact of insulin on patient-derived BRAFV600E melanoma cells, either untreated or treated with vemurafenib or trametinib, inhibitors of BRAFV600 and MEK1/2, respectively. Methods:Cells were cultured in serum-free conditions, either with or without insulin. The activity of the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways was assessed by Western blotting, cell viability, and percentages of Ki-67- and NGFR-positive cells by flow cytometry. Transcript levels were analyzed using qRT-PCR, and ?-H2AX levels by immunoblotting and confocal microscopy. A luminescence-based assay was used to measure glutathione content. Results:While insulin did not influence the MAPK/ERK pathway activity, it had a strong influence on melanoma cells, in which this pathway was suppressed by either vemurafenib or trametinib. In the presence of insulin, both drugs were much less efficient in 1) inhibiting proliferation and reducing the percentage of Ki-67-positive cells, and 2) inducing apoptosis and phosphorylation of histone H2AX in melanoma cells. Changes induced by vemurafenib and trametinib in glutathione homeostasis and DNA repair gene expression were also attenuated by insulin. Moreover, insulin impaired the combined effects of targeted drugs and doxorubicin in melanoma cells. In addition to insulin-induced PI3K/AKT activity, which was either transient or sustainable depending on the cell line, an insulin-triggered increase in the percentage of cells expressing NGFR, a marker of neural crest stem-like cells, may contribute to the reduced drug efficacy. Conclusion:Our results demonstrate the role of insulin in reducing the efficacy of vemurafenib and trametinib. This needs clinical assessment.

Dataset Information

Whole-exome sequencing of genomic DNA extracted from patient-derived melanoma cell lines resistant to vemurafenib (PLX) or trametinib (TRA)

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