DRIP-seq of 786-O and H1299 PBRM1-WT and -KO isogenic models treated with Talazoparib against untreated controls
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Illumina NovaSeq 6000
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
SUBMITTER: Sophie Postel-Vinay
PROVIDER: E-MTAB-8837 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:Strand asymmetry in the distribution of guanines and cytosines, measured by GC skew, predisposes DNA sequences towards R-loop formation upon transcription. Previous work revealed that GC skew and R-loop formation associate with a core set of unmethylated CpG island (CGI) promoters in the human genome. Here, we show that GC skew can distinguish four classes of promoters, including three types of CGI promoters, each associated with unique epigenetic and gene ontology signatures. In particular, we identify a strong and a weak class of CGI promoters and show that these loci are enriched in distinct chromosomal territories reflecting the intrinsic strength of their protection against DNA methylation. Interestingly, we show that strong CGI promoters are depleted from the X chromosome while weak CGIs are enriched, a property consistent with the acquisition of DNA methylation during dosage compensation. Furthermore, we identify a third class of CGI promoters based on its unique GC skew profile and show that this gene set is enriched for Polycomb group targets. Lastly, we show that nearly 2,000 genes harbor GC skew at their 3’ ends and that these genes are preferentially located in gene-dense regions and tend to be closely arranged. Genomic profiling of R-loops accordingly showed that a large proportion of genes with terminal GC skew form R-loops at their 3’-ends, consistent with a role for these structures in permitting efficient transcription termination. Altogether, we show that GC skew and R-loop formation offer significant insights into the epigenetic regulation, genomic organization, and function of human genes. DRIP-seq was performed on genomic DNA extracted from human pluripotent Ntera2 cells. The DNA was either fragmented using HindIII, EcoRI, BsrGI, XbaI and SspI (DRIP-seq 1) or BamHI, NcoI, ApaLI, NheI and PvuII (DRIP-seq 2, two technical replicates). Input DNA was also fragmented with each restriction enzyme cocktail and sequenced alongside.
2013-07-09 | E-GEOD-45530 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:DNA Double Strands Breaks (DSBs) are highly detrimental since they can lead to mutations and chromosomes rearrangements (amplification, deletion, translocation and chromosome loss). Here, we set to assess the role of senataxin, a RNA:DNA helicase involved in the regulation of transcription and the maintenance of genome integrity, at sites of DNA Double Strand Breaks. We performed ChIP-Seq mapping of senataxin before and after damage, genome-wide DNA:RNA hybrids (DRIP) mapping before and after damage. We also performed RNA-Seq and RNA pol II mapping (total and phosphorylated on serine 2 of the CTD) by ChIP-Seq in undamaged cells to discriminate between damage in active versus inactive regions.
2018-02-20 | E-MTAB-6318 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) initiate meiotic recombination. Past DSB-mapping studies have used rad50S or sae2? mutants, which are defective in break processing, to accumulate DSBs, and report large (= 50 kb) “DSB-hot” regions that are separated by “DSB-cold” domains of similar size. Substantial recombination occurs in some DSB-cold regions, suggesting that DSB patterns are not normal in rad50S or sae2? mutants. We therefore developed novel methods that detect DSBs using ssDNA enrichment and microarray hybridization, and that use background-based normalization to allow cross-comparison between array datasets, to map genome-wide the DSBs that accumulate in processing-capable, repair-defective dmc1î and dmc1î rad51î mutants. DSBs were observed at known hotspots, but also in most previously-identified “DSB-cold” regions, including near centromeres and telomeres. While about 40% of the genome is DSB-cold in rad50S mutants, analysis of meiotic ssDNA from dmc1? shows that most of these regions have significant DSB activity. Thus, DSBs are distributed much more uniformly than was previously believed. Southern-blot assays of DSBs in selected regions in dmc1?, rad50S and wild-type cells confirm these findings. Comparisons of DSB signals in dmc1, dmc1 rad51, and dmc1 spo11 mutant strains identify Dmc1 as the primary strand transfer activity genome-wide, and Spo11-induced lesions as initiating all meiotic recombination. Keywords: DSB mapping, ChIP-chip, single strand DNA , BND cellulose We use two different strategies to map the genome-wide distribution of meiotic DSBs in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The first is a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) based approach that targets the Spo11p protein, which remains covalently attached to DSB ends in the rad50S mutant background. The second approach involves BND cellulose enrichment of the single strand DNA (ssDNA) recombination intermediate formed by end-resection at DSB sites following Spo11p removal. We use dmc1 and dmc1 rad51 mutants that accumulates meiotic single strand DNA intermediates
2007-12-30 | E-GEOD-8981 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Transcriptionally active loci are particularly prone to breakage and mounting evidence suggest that DNA Double-Strand Breaks arising in active genes are handled by a dedicated repair pathway, Transcription-Coupled DSB Repair (TC-DSBR), that entails R-loop accumulation and dissolution. Here, we uncovered a function for the Bloom RecQ DNA helicase (BLM) in TC-DSBR in human cells. BLM is recruited in a transcription dependent-manner at DSBs where it fosters resection, RAD51 binding and accurate Homologous Recombination repair. However, in an R-loop dissolution-deficient background, we found that BLM promotes cell death. We report that upon excessive R-loop accumulation, DNA synthesis is enhanced at DSBs, in a anner that depends on BLM and POLD3. Altogether our work unveils a role for BLM at DSBs in active chromatin, and highlights the toxic potential of RNA:DNA hybrids that accumulate at transcription-associated DSBs.
2022-04-13 | E-MTAB-11592 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The RAG1 endonuclease, together with its cofactor RAG2, is essential for V(D)J recombination but is a potent threat to genome stability. The sources of RAG1 mistargeting and the mechanisms that have evolved to suppress it are poorly understood. Here, we report the surprising finding that RAG1 binds to thousands of sites in the genome of developing lymphocytes, primarily at active promoters and enhancers. The genome has responded by reducing the abundance of "cryptic" recombination signals near sites of RAG1 binding. This depletion operates specifically on the RSS heptamer, with nonamers enriched at RAG1 binding sites. Reversing this RAG-driven depletion of cleavage sites by insertion of strong recombination signals creates an ectopic hub of RAG-mediated V(D)J recombination and chromosomal translocations. Our findings delineate rules governing RAG binding in the genome, identify areas at risk of RAG-mediated damage, and highlight the evolutionary struggle to accommodate programmed DNA damage in developing lymphocytes. MNase-seq profiles of mouse thymocytes
2015-08-06 | E-GEOD-69474 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Progression to malignancy requires cells to overcome senescence and switch to an immortal phenotype. Thus, exploring the genetic and epigenetic changes that occur during senescence/immortalization may help elucidate crucial events that lead to cell transformation. In the present study, we have globally profiled DNA methylation in relation to gene expression in primary, senescent and immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Primary, senescent and immortalized mouse fibroblasts obtained from three independent embryos. Compare immortalized versus primary and senescent versus primary cells.
2012-11-29 | E-GEOD-39034 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Soil is an inherently complex matrix and as such, we believe when performing culture-independent microbial community analyses using the 'omics' suite of tools, all biomolecules investigated should be co-extracted from the same biological sample. To this end, we developed a robust, cost-effective DNA, RNA and protein co-extraction method for soil. The samples deposited here represent 3 biological replicates from one of eight soil types tested in this work.
2019-07-15 | PXD007077 | Pride
Project description:ImportanceNeuroblastoma accounts for 12% of childhood cancer deaths. The genetic contribution of rare pathogenic germline variation in patients without a family history remains unclear.ObjectiveTo define the prevalence, spectrum, and clinical significance of pathogenic germline variation in cancer predisposition genes (CPGs) in neuroblastoma patients.Design setting and participantsGermline DNA sequencing was performed on the peripheral blood from 786 neuroblastoma patients unselected for family history. Rare variants mapping to CPGs were evaluated for pathogenicity and the percentage of cases harboring pathogenic (P) or likely pathogenic (LP) variants was quantified. The frequency of CPG P-LP variants in neuroblastoma cases was compared to two distinct cancer-free control cohorts to assess enrichment. Matched tumor DNA sequencing was evaluated for "second hits" at CPGs and germline DNA array data from 5,585 neuroblastoma cases and 23,505 cancer-free control children was analyzed to identify rare germline copy number variants (CNVs) affecting genes with an excess burden of P-LP variants in neuroblastoma. Neuroblastoma patients with germline P-LP variants were compared to those without P-LP variants to test for association with clinical characteristics, tumor features, and patient survival.Main outcomes and measuresRare variant prevalence, pathogenicity, enrichment, and association with clinical characteristics, tumor features, and patient survival.ResultsWe observed 116 P-LP variants in CPGs involving 13.9% (109/786) of patients, representing a significant excess burden of P-LP variants compared to controls (9.1%; P = 5.14 × 10-5, Odds Ratio: 1.60, 95% confidence interval: 1.27-2.00). BARD1 harbored the most significant burden of P-LP variants compared to controls (1.0% vs. 0.03%; P = 8.18 × 10-7; Odds Ratio: 32.30, 95% confidence interval: 6.44-310.35). Rare germline CNVs disrupting BARD1 were also identified in neuroblastoma patients (0.05%) but absent in controls (P = 7.08 × 10-3; Odds Ratio: 29.47, 95% confidence interval: 1.52 - 570.70). Overall, P-LP variants in DNA repair genes in this study were enriched in cases compared to controls (8.1% vs. 5.7%; P = 0.01; Odds Ratio: 1.45, 95% confidence interval: 1.08-1.92). Neuroblastoma patients harboring a germline P-LP variant had a worse overall survival when compared to patients without P-LP variants (P = 8.6 × 10-3), and this remained significant in a multivariate Cox proportional-hazards model (P = 0.01).Conclusions and relevanceNeuroblastoma patients harboring germline P-LP variants in CPGs have worse overall survival and BARD1 is an important predisposition gene affected by both common and rare pathogenic variation. Germline sequencing should be performed for all neuroblastoma patients at diagnosis to inform genetic counseling and support future longitudinal and mechanistic studies. Patients with a germline P-LP variant should be closely monitored, regardless of risk group assignment.
| S-EPMC9901064 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series
2015-08-04 | E-GEOD-69478 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The growth rate of E. coli decrease continuously with NaCl concentration, however the pattern for metabolic efficiency as measured by optical density is corralated to a change in pattern in transcription data and proteomics.The analysis of the data suggest that between 4.5 and 5% NaCl, the metabolism switched from aerobic to fermentative pathways. The response to osmotic stress is similar to a response to oxidative stress. An example how a stagewise metabolic answer may be the result of continuously increasing stress. Study of the pattern of gene expression as a function of NaCl concentrations (2%, 3.5% -2 replicates-, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%). To compare the different conditions, cDNA was normalised to genomic DNA, gDNA.
2014-05-26 | E-GEOD-54512 | biostudies-arrayexpress