Project description:ChIP-seq to define bindings sites for TBX2, MYCN, H3K27ac, H3K4me1, H3K4me3 and Input in the cell lines IMR-32, CLB-GA, NGP, IMR-5/75, GI-M-EN, CHP-212, and IMR-5.
Project description:Chromosomes are composed of enormously long DNA molecules which must be distributed correctly as the cells grow and divide. In Escherichia coli the new DNA behind the replication forks is specifically bound by the SeqA protein. SeqA binds to GATC sequences which are methylated on the A of the old strand but not on the new strand. Binding lasts for a period of time until Dam methyltransferase methylates the new strand. It is therefore believed that a region of hemi-methylated DNA covered by SeqA follows the replication fork. We show that this is indeed the case by using global ChIP on Chip analysis and a newly developed method for methylation analysis. A comparison of rapid and slow growth conditions showed that in cells with multiple replication forks per chromosome, the old forks bind little SeqA. Analysis of strains with strong SeqA binding sites at different chromosomal loci supported this finding. The results indicate that a re-organization of the chromosome occurs at a timepoint when new forks have travelled about 20% and old forks about 75% of the way to the terminus. This timepoint coincides with the end of origin sequestration. It is so far not known what brings about the end of origin sequestration. Here we suggest that a reorganization event occurs resulting in both origin desequestration and loss of old replication forks from the SeqA structures. SeqA ChIP-Chip analysis of unsynchronized E. coli MG1655 and in cells synchronized regarding initiation of DNA replication; SeqA ChIP-Chip of Dam overproducing strain and SeqA4 mutant; SeqA ChIP-Chip of strains with chromosomal insertions of strong SeqA binding site. Methylation analysis of synchronized E. coli MG1655dnaC2 cells 0 and 15 min after initiation.
Project description:Deconvolution analysis using Rpb1 ChIP-chip results distinguishes the Cdc10 bindings at the Rpb1-poor loci (promoters) from those at the Rpb1-rich loci (intragenic sequences). Importantly, Res1 binding at the Rpb1-poor loci, but not at the Rpb1-rich loci, are dependent on the Cdc10 function, suggesting a distinct binding mechanism. Most Cdc10 promoter bindings at the Rpb1-poor loci are associated with the G1/S-phase genes. While Res1 or Res2 is found at both the Cdc10 promoter and intragenic binding sites, Rep2 appears to be absent at the Cdc10 promoter binding sites but present at the intragenic sites. Time-course ChIP-chip analysis demonstrates that Rep2 is temporally accumulated at the coding region of the MBF-target genes, resembling the RNAP-II occupancies. We analyzed MBF binding sites using Nimblegen arrays.
Project description:The CRP-family transcription factor NtcA, universally found in cyanobacteria, was initially discovered as a regulator operating N control. It responds to the N regime signaled by the internal 2-oxoglutarate levels, an indicator of the C to N balance of the cells. NtcA-activated canonical promoters bear an NtcA-consensus binding site (GTAN8TAC) centered at about 41.5 nucleotides upstream from the transcription start point. In this study, we have used chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing to identify the whole regulon of NtcA in cells of the filamentous, heterocyst-forming cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 after the withdrawal of combined N. NtcA has been found to bind to 2,424 target regions in the genome of Anabaena, which have been ascribed to 2,153 genes. Interestingly, only a small proportion of those are involved in N assimilation and metabolism, and 65 % of the target regions were located intragenically. The NtcA regulon identified here constitutes the largest bacterial regulon described to date. Our results show that NtcA has a much wider role in the physiology of the cell than it has been previously thought, acting both as a global transcriptional regulator and possibly also as a factor influencing the superstructure of chromosome (and plasmids). Cells of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 subjected to N-withdrawal for 3 h were used to perform chromatin immunoprecipitation with anti-NtcA antibody. The immunoprecipitated material was sequenced. Three ChIPs were performed from two independent sets of Anabaena cells. A sample of total DNA (not subjected to immunoprecipitation) was used as a control (Input sample).
Project description:The histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9)-specific methyltransferase (KMT) Setdb1 is essential for both stem cell pluripotency and terminal differentiation of different cell types. To shed light on Setdb1 role(s) in these mutually exclusive processes, we used mouse skeletal myoblasts as a model of terminal differentiation. Ex vivo studies on isolated single myofibres showed that Setdb1 is required for muscle adult stem cells expansion following activation and in vitro studies on skeletal myoblasts confirmed that Setdb1 suppresses terminal myoblast differentiation. We used genome-wide analyses to identify Setdb1 direct target genes in myoblasts and observed a release of Setdb1 from the promoter of selected target genes upon myoblast terminal differentiation, concomitant to a nuclear export of Setdb1 to the cytoplasm. We demonstrated that both genomic release and cytoplasmic Setdb1 relocalisation during differentiation were dependent on canonical Wnt signalling. Taken together, our findings uncover a functional link between Setdb1 and canonical Wnt signalling in skeletal muscle cells, which affects the expression of a subset of Setdb1 target genes. We revealed Wnt-dependent subcellular relocalisation of Setdb1 as a novel mechanism regulating Setdb1 functions. ChIP-seq of Setdb1 and H3K9me3 in Myoblast cells (C2C12)
Project description:The critical initial step in V(D)J recombination, binding of RAG1 and RAG2 to recombination signal sequences flanking antigen receptor V, D, and J gene segments, has not previously been characterized in vivo. Here we demonstrate that RAG protein binding occurs in a highly focal manner to a small region of active chromatin encompassing Igκ and Tcrα J gene segments and Igh and Tcrβ J and J-proximal D gene segments. Formation of these small RAG-bound regions, which we refer to as recombination centers, occurs in a developmental stage- and lineage-specific manner. Each RAG protein is independently capable of specific binding within recombination centers. While RAG1 binding is restricted to regions containing recombination signal sequences, RAG2 binds extremely broadly in a pattern that mirrors that of trimethylated lysine 4 of histone 3. We propose that recombination centers coordinate V(D)J recombination by providing discrete sites within which gene segments are captured for recombination. RAG2 binding was analyzed in wild type, RAG2-/-β, and D708A-RAG1-/-β thymocytes. Histone modification H3K4me3 was analyzed in D708A-RAG1-/-β and wild type thymocytes.
Project description:ChIP-chip by array of S. cerevisiae cells to investigate the genome wide occupancy of phospho-S2 and phospho-S5 forms of the RNAPII-CTD. ChIP-chip by array of S. cerevisiae cells to investigate the genome wide occupancy of Ste12 and Tec1.
Project description:Experiment to obtain the genome-wide distribution of DNA:RNA hybrid prone loci in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by DNA:RNA immunoprecipitation and tiling microarray (DRIP-chip). Samples: wild type, Rnase H deletion mutant, hpr1 deletion mutant, sen1-1 temperature sensitive mutant.
Project description:Sgs1 is a DNA helicase with roles in DNA replication and repair. DNA repair proteins have been linked to genome instability in part by altering the landscape of DNA:RNA hybrids. Here, we mapped the Sgs1 binding profile along with the profile of DNA:RNA hybrids and gammaH2A genome-wide in an effort to identify direct vs indirect effects of Sgs1 in DNA:RNA hybrid and gammaH2A distribution. The wild type DNA:RNA hybrid sample was reported previously in E-MTAB-2388.