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Risk of fetal undergrowth in the management of gestational diabetes mellitus in Japan.


ABSTRACT:

Aims/introduction

In Japan, the increasing frequency of underweight among women of reproductive age and the accompanying increase in the rate of low birth weight (LBW) are social issues. The study aimed to establish a prospective registry system for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Japan and to clarify the actual status of GDM according to the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria.

Materials and methods

Pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and those in the normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group were enrolled in the Diabetes and Pregnancy Outcome for Mother and Baby study from October 2015. Pregnant women with positive glucose screening in early and mid-to-late pregnancy underwent a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test by gestational week 32. Gestational diabetes mellitus was diagnosed according to IADPSG criteria. Women with a positive glucose screening test at mid-to-late pregnancy but NGT were enrolled as references (NGT group). Treatment for gestational diabetes mellitus and maternal and neonatal pregnancy data were prospectively collected on outcomes.

Results

In total 1,795 singleton pregnancies (878 women with GDM and 824 NGT women) were analyzed. The risk of LBW and small-for-gestational age in the GDM group was significantly higher than in the NGT group. A similar relationship was found for LBW risk in the non-overweight/obese group but not in the overweight/obese group.

Conclusions

We established a prospective GDM registry system in Japan. In the management of GDM in Japan, suppression of maternal weight gain may be associated with reduced fetal growth, especially in non-overweight/obese women with GDM; however, further investigation is required.

SUBMITTER: Kawasaki M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10034960 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Risk of fetal undergrowth in the management of gestational diabetes mellitus in Japan.

Kawasaki Maki M   Arata Naoko N   Sugiyama Takashi T   Moriya Tatsumi T   Itakura Atsuo A   Yasuhi Ichiro I   Uchigata Yasuko Y   Kawasaki Eiji E   Sone Hirohito H   Hiramatsu Yuji Y  

Journal of diabetes investigation 20230203 4


<h4>Aims/introduction</h4>In Japan, the increasing frequency of underweight among women of reproductive age and the accompanying increase in the rate of low birth weight (LBW) are social issues. The study aimed to establish a prospective registry system for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Japan and to clarify the actual status of GDM according to the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>Pregnant women with gestati  ...[more]

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