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Potential of adipose derived stem cell preparations in neurological repair and regeneration.

ABSTRACT: Stem cell therapy is a promising treatment for neurogenerative disease as well as inflammatory and immune mediated diseases. Decades of preclinical research has demonstrated stem cell ability to differentiate into multiple cell lineages and be utilised in regeneration and repair with their immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive properties. This work has provided the fundamental scientific knowledge needed to launch various clinical trials studying stem cell therapy in autoimmune disorders, stroke, and other tissue injury. Despite the early success many of these promising therapies are yet to breakthrough into clinical use. In this review, we highlight the recent developments in the use of stem cells as therapeutic agents for neurological conditions as well as their failures and how the clinical translation can be improved.

SUBMITTER: Combes L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10235908 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Potential of adipose derived stem cell preparations in neurological repair and regeneration.

Combes Laura L Sawkulycz Xenia X Fang Wen-Hui WH Guo Baoqiang B Slevin Mark M

Biophysics reports 20210401 2

Stem cell therapy is a promising treatment for neurogenerative disease as well as inflammatory and immune mediated diseases. Decades of preclinical research has demonstrated stem cell ability to differentiate into multiple cell lineages and be utilised in regeneration and repair with their immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive properties. This work has provided the fundamental scientific knowledge needed to launch various clinical trials studying stem cell therapy in autoimmune disorders, strok ...[more]

PMID: 37288148

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Project description:Injuries to the postnatal skeleton are naturally repaired through successive steps involving specific cell types in a process collectively termed "bone regeneration". Although complex, bone regeneration occurs through a series of well-orchestrated stages wherein endogenous bone stem cells play a central role. In most situations, bone regeneration is successful; however, there are instances when it fails and creates non-healing injuries or fracture nonunion requiring surgical or therapeutic interventions. Transplantation of adult or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) defined by the International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy (ISCT) as CD105+CD90+CD73+CD45-CD34-CD14orCD11b-CD79αorCD19-HLA-DR- is being investigated as an attractive therapy for bone regeneration throughout the world. MSCs isolated from adipose tissue, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), are gaining increasing attention since this is the most abundant source of adult stem cells and the isolation process for ADSCs is straightforward. Currently, there is not a single Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved ADSCs product for bone regeneration. Although the safety of ADSCs is established from their usage in numerous clinical trials, the bone-forming potential of ADSCs and MSCs, in general, is highly controversial. Growing evidence suggests that the ISCT defined phenotype may not represent bona fide osteoprogenitors. Transplantation of both ADSCs and the CD105- sub-population of ADSCs has been reported to induce bone regeneration. Most notably, cells expressing other markers such as CD146, AlphaV, CD200, PDPN, CD164, CXCR4, and PDGFRα have been shown to represent osteogenic sub-population within ADSCs. Amongst other strategies to improve the bone-forming ability of ADSCs, modulation of VEGF, TGF-β1 and BMP signaling pathways of ADSCs has shown promising results. The U.S. FDA reveals that 73% of Investigational New Drug applications for stem cell-based products rely on CD105 expression as the "positive" marker for adult stem cells. A concerted effort involving the scientific community, clinicians, industries, and regulatory bodies to redefine ADSCs using powerful selection markers and strategies to modulate signaling pathways of ADSCs will speed up the therapeutic use of ADSCs for bone regeneration.

Dataset Information

Potential of adipose derived stem cell preparations in neurological repair and regeneration.

Publications

Potential of adipose derived stem cell preparations in neurological repair and regeneration.

Similar Datasets

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