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Preparation, Characterization, and Chemically Modified Date Palm Fiber Waste Biomass for Enhanced Phenol Removal from an Aqueous Environment.

ABSTRACT: The date palm tree is extensively cultivated in Middle Eastern countries such as Saudi Arabia, generating a large amount of waste in the form of leaves, seeds, and fibrous materials. This study examined the feasibility of using raw date palm fiber (RDPF) and NaOH chemically modified date palm fiber (NaOH-CMDPF) obtained from discarded agricultural waste for the removal of phenol in an aqueous environment. The adsorbent characterization was performed by using different techniques, i.e., particle size analysis; elemental analyzer (CHN); and BET, FTIR, and FESEM-EDX analysis. The FTIR analysis revealed the presence of various functional groups on the surface of the RDPF and NaOH-CMDPF. The results showed that chemical modification by NaOH increased the phenol adsorption capacity that was well-fitted by the Langmuir isotherm. Higher removal was obtained with NaOH-CMDPF (86%) than with the RDPF (81%). The RDPF and NaOH-CMDPF sorbents' maximum (Q_m) adsorption capacities were more than 45.62 mg/g and 89.67 mg/g and were comparable to the sorption capacities of various other types of agricultural waste biomass reported in the literature. The kinetic studies confirmed that the adsorption of phenol followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic process. The present study concluded that the RDPF and NaOH-CMDPF were eco-friendly and cost-effective in promoting sustainable management and the reuse of the Kingdom's lignocellulosic fiber waste material.

SUBMITTER: Siva Kumar N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10254225 | biostudies-literature | 2023 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Preparation, Characterization, and Chemically Modified Date Palm Fiber Waste Biomass for Enhanced Phenol Removal from an Aqueous Environment.

Siva Kumar Nadavala N Asif Mohammad M Poulose Anesh Manjaly AM Al-Ghurabi Ebrahim H EH Alhamedi Shaddad S SS Koduru Janardhan Reddy JR

Materials (Basel, Switzerland) 20230530 11

The date palm tree is extensively cultivated in Middle Eastern countries such as Saudi Arabia, generating a large amount of waste in the form of leaves, seeds, and fibrous materials. This study examined the feasibility of using raw date palm fiber (RDPF) and NaOH chemically modified date palm fiber (NaOH-CMDPF) obtained from discarded agricultural waste for the removal of phenol in an aqueous environment. The adsorbent characterization was performed by using different techniques, i.e., particle ...[more]

PMID: 37297191

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Project description:Currently, comparisons between biochar and activated carbon in terms of performance, environmental impacts as well as financial implications are limited. In this study, biochar sourced from date palm waste were analysed using gate-to-grave life cycle assessment approach and results were compared to activated carbon derived from woody biomass. Simapro 8.5 software was used to quantitatively simulate the environmental impacts of both adsorbents. Date palm waste biochar and activated carbon global warming potentials (GWPs) were found to be 1.53 and 8.96 kg CO2eq/kg respectively. The cumulative energy demand (CED) for producing date palm waste biochar was found to be 20.3 MJ/kg, whereas, activated carbon resulted in 119.5 MJ/kg. Both adsorbents’ performance in terms of adsorption capacity were compared, and it was found that biochar is comparable with activated carbon. The economic performance demonstrated that the average cost of production of date palm waste biochar and activated carbon were $1.06/kg and $1.34/kg, respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that when the source of energy was changed to renewable energy, a CED dropped to 105.2 MJ/kg and 7.68 MJ/kg, a GWP dropped to 7.29 kg CO2 eq. and 0.665 kg CO2 eq. and production costs dropped to $1.30 and to $1.04 for producing activated carbon and biochar respectively. Based on the results of the study, date palm waste biochar is more cost-effective, shows less environmental impact, and has comparable adsorption efficiency as compared to activated carbon. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • Biochar GWP was 2.36 kg CO2eq/kg and activated carbon GWP was 8.34 kg CO2eq/kg.• Biochar CED was 20.3 MJ/kg and activated carbon CED was 119.5 MJ/kg.• Adsorption capacities of biochar were comparable with activated carbon.• Production cost of biochar was $1.06/kg and activated carbon was $1.34/kg.• Sensitivity analysis showed that switching solar energy reduced CED and GWP. Adsorption capacity; environmental impact; disposal; cost efficiency; sensitivity analysis.

Dataset Information

Preparation, Characterization, and Chemically Modified Date Palm Fiber Waste Biomass for Enhanced Phenol Removal from an Aqueous Environment.

Publications

Preparation, Characterization, and Chemically Modified Date Palm Fiber Waste Biomass for Enhanced Phenol Removal from an Aqueous Environment.

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