Dataset Information

Tomato LysM receptor kinase 4 mediates chitin-elicited fungal resistance in both leaves and fruit.

ABSTRACT: Fungal infection is a major cause of crop and fruit losses. Recognition of chitin, a component of fungal cell walls, endows plants with enhanced fungal resistance. Here, we found that mutation of tomato LysM receptor kinase 4 (SlLYK4) and chitin elicitor receptor kinase 1 (SlCERK1) impaired chitin-induced immune responses in tomato leaves. Compared with the wild type, sllyk4 and slcerk1 mutant leaves were more susceptible to Botrytis cinerea (gray mold). SlLYK4 extracellular domain showed strong binding affinity to chitin, and the binding of SlLYK4 induced SlLYK4-SlCERK1 association. Remarkably, qRT-PCR analysis indicated that SlLYK4 was highly expressed in tomato fruit, and β-GLUCURONIDASE (GUS) expression driven by the SlLYK4 promoter was observed in tomato fruit. Furthermore, SlLYK4 overexpression enhanced disease resistance not only in leaves but also in fruit. Our study suggests that chitin-mediated immunity plays a role in fruit, providing a possible way to reduce fungal infection-related fruit losses by enhancing the chitin-induced immune responses.

SUBMITTER: Ai Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10266952 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Tomato LysM receptor kinase 4 mediates chitin-elicited fungal resistance in both leaves and fruit.

Ai Yingfei Y Li Qinghong Q Li Chenying C Wang Ran R Sun Xun X Chen Songyu S Cai Xin-Zhong XZ Qi Xingjiang X Liang Yan Y

Horticulture research 20230425 6

Fungal infection is a major cause of crop and fruit losses. Recognition of chitin, a component of fungal cell walls, endows plants with enhanced fungal resistance. Here, we found that mutation of tomato LysM receptor kinase 4 (SlLYK4) and chitin elicitor receptor kinase 1 (SlCERK1) impaired chitin-induced immune responses in tomato leaves. Compared with the wild type, sllyk4 and slcerk1 mutant leaves were more susceptible to Botrytis cinerea (gray mold). SlLYK4 extracellular ...[more]

PMID: 37323235

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Project description:A LysM Receptor-like Kinase Mediates Chitin Perception and Fungal Resistance in Arabidopsis Jinrong Wan,1 Xuecheng Zhang,1 David Neece,2 Katrina M. Ramonell,3 Steve Clough,2,4 Sung-yong Kim,1 Minviluz Stacey,1 and Gary Stacey1* 1Division of Plant Sciences, National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA 2Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA 3Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA 4US Department of Agriculture, Soybean/Maize Germplasm, Pathology and Genetics Research, Urbana, IL 61801, USA *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: staceyg@missouri.edu Abstract: Chitin, a polymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, is found in fungal cell walls, but not in plants. Plant cells are capable of perceiving chitin fragments (chitooligosaccharides) to trigger various defense responses. We identified a LysM receptor-like protein (AtLysM RLK1) that is required for the perception of chitooligosaccharides in Arabidopsis. Mutation of this gene blocked the induction of almost all chitooligosaccharide-responsive genes (CRGs) and led to more susceptibility to fungal pathogens, but not to a bacterial pathogen. In addition, exogenously applied chitooligosaccharides enhanced resistance against both fungal and bacterial pathogens in the wild-type plants, but not in the mutant. Together, our data strongly suggest AtLysM RLK1 is the chitin receptor or a key part of the receptor complex and chitin is a PAMP (pathogen-associated molecular pattern) in fungi recognized by the receptor leading to the induction of plant innate immunity against fungal pathogens. Since LysM RLKs were also recently shown to be critical for the perception of the rhizobial lipo-chitin Nod signals, our data suggest that LysM RLKs not just recognize friendly symbiotic rhizobia (via their lipo-chitin Nod signals), but also hostile fungal pathogens (via their cell wall chitin). These data suggest a possible evolutionary relationship between the perception mechanisms of Nod signals and chitin by plants. Keywords: chitooctaose, chitin receptor mutant

Project description:A LysM Receptor-like Kinase Mediates Chitin Perception and Fungal Resistance in Arabidopsis; Jinrong Wan,1 Xuecheng Zhang,1 David Neece,2 Katrina M. Ramonell,3 Steve Clough,2,4 Sung-yong Kim,1 Minviluz Stacey,1 and Gary Stacey1*; 1Division of Plant Sciences, National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; 2Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; 3Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA; 4US Department of Agriculture, Soybean/Maize Germplasm, Pathology and Genetics Research, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: staceyg@missouri.edu; Abstract: Chitin, a polymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, is found in fungal cell walls, but not in plants. Plant cells are capable of perceiving chitin fragments (chitooligosaccharides) to trigger various defense responses. We identified a LysM receptor-like protein (AtLysM RLK1) that is required for the perception of chitooligosaccharides in Arabidopsis. Mutation of this gene blocked the induction of almost all chitooligosaccharide-responsive genes (CRGs) and led to more susceptibility to fungal pathogens, but not to a bacterial pathogen. In addition, exogenously applied chitooligosaccharides enhanced resistance against both fungal and bacterial pathogens in the wild-type plants, but not in the mutant. Together, our data strongly suggest AtLysM RLK1 is the chitin receptor or a key part of the receptor complex and chitin is a PAMP (pathogen-associated molecular pattern) in fungi recognized by the receptor leading to the induction of plant innate immunity against fungal pathogens. Since LysM RLKs were also recently shown to be critical for the perception of the rhizobial lipo-chitin Nod signals, our data suggest that LysM RLKs not just recognize friendly symbiotic rhizobia (via their lipo-chitin Nod signals), but also hostile fungal pathogens (via their cell wall chitin). These data suggest a possible evolutionary relationship between the perception mechanisms of Nod signals and chitin by plants. Experiment Overall Design: wild type Col-0 and chitin receptor mutants treated with or without chitooctaose

Dataset Information

Tomato LysM receptor kinase 4 mediates chitin-elicited fungal resistance in both leaves and fruit.

Publications

Tomato LysM receptor kinase 4 mediates chitin-elicited fungal resistance in both leaves and fruit.

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