Dataset Information

Maturation of the gut metabolome during the first year of life in humans.

ABSTRACT: The gut microbiota is involved in the production of numerous metabolites that maintain host wellbeing. The assembly of the gut microbiome is highly dynamic, and influenced by many postnatal factors, moreover, little is known about the development of the gut metabolome. We showed that geography has an important influence on the microbiome dynamics in the first year of life based on two independent cohorts from China and Sweden. Major compositional differences since birth were the high relative abundance of Bacteroides in the Swedish cohort and Streptococcus in the Chinese cohort. We analyzed the development of the fecal metabolome in the first year of life in the Chinese cohort. Lipid metabolism, especially acylcarnitines and bile acids, was the most abundant metabolic pathway in the newborn gut. Delivery mode and feeding induced particular differences in the gut metabolome since birth. In contrast to C-section newborns, medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines were abundant at newborn age only in vaginally delivered infants, associated by the presence of bacteria such as Bacteroides vulgatus and Parabacteroides merdae. Our data provide a basis for understanding the maturation of the fecal metabolome and the metabolic role of gut microbiota in infancy.

SUBMITTER: Ouyang R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10334852 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan-Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Maturation of the gut metabolome during the first year of life in humans.

Ouyang Runze R Ding Juan J Huang Yan Y Zheng Fujian F Zheng Sijia S Ye Yaorui Y Li Qi Q Wang Xiaolin X Ma Xiao X Zou Yuxin Y Chen Rong R Zhuo Zhihong Z Li Zhen Z Xin Qi Q Zhou Lina L Lu Xin X Ren Zhigang Z Liu Xinyu X Kovatcheva-Datchary Petia P Xu Guowang G

Gut microbes 20230101 1

The gut microbiota is involved in the production of numerous metabolites that maintain host wellbeing. The assembly of the gut microbiome is highly dynamic, and influenced by many postnatal factors, moreover, little is known about the development of the gut metabolome. We showed that geography has an important influence on the microbiome dynamics in the first year of life based on two independent cohorts from China and Sweden. Major compositional differences since birth were the high relative ab ...[more]

PMID: 37424334

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Project description:HIV-exposed uninfected infants (HEU) have abnormal immunologic functions and increased infectious morbidity in the first 6 months of life, which gradually decreases thereafter. The mechanisms underlying HEU immune dysfunctions are unknown. We hypothesized that unique characteristics of the HEU gut microbiota associated with maternal HIV status may underlie the HEU immunologic dysfunctions. We characterized the infant gut, maternal gut, and breast milk microbiomes of mother-infant pairs, including 123 with HEU and 117 with HIV-uninfected infants (HUU), from South Africa. Pan-bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on (i) infant stool at 6, 28, and 62 weeks; (ii) maternal stool at delivery and 62 weeks; and (iii) breast milk at 6 weeks. Infant gut alpha and beta diversities were similar between groups. Microbial composition significantly differed, including 12 genera, 5 families and 1 phylum at 6 weeks; 12 genera and 2 families at 28 weeks; and 2 genera and 2 families at 62 weeks of life. Maternal gut microbiomes significantly differed in beta diversity and microbial composition, and breast milk microbiomes differed in microbial composition only. Infant gut microbiotas extensively overlapped with maternal gut and minimally with breast milk microbiotas. Nevertheless, exclusively breastfed HEU and HUU had less divergent microbiomes than nonexclusively breastfed infants. Feeding pattern and maternal gut microbiome imprint the HEU gut microbiome. Compared to HUU, the HEU gut microbiome prominently differs in early infancy, including increased abundance of taxa previously observed to be present in excess in adults with HIV. The HEU and HUU gut microbiome compositions converge over time, mirroring the kinetics of HEU infectious morbidity risk. IMPORTANCE HIV-exposed uninfected infants (HEU) are highly vulnerable to infections in the first 6 months of life, and this vulnerability decreases to the age of 24 months. Because the microbiome plays a critical role in the education of the infant immune system, which protects them against infections, we characterized the gut microbiomes of HEU and HIV-unexposed infants (HUU) in the first year of life. The HEU and HUU gut microbiomes showed prominent differences at 6 and 28 weeks of life but converged at 62 weeks of life, mirroring the time course of the HEU excess infectious morbidity and suggesting a potential association between the infant gut microbiome structure and susceptibility to infections. Infant gut microbiotas extensively overlapped with maternal gut and minimally with breast milk microbiotas. Moreover, exclusively breastfed HEU and HUU had less divergent microbiomes at 6 and 28 weeks than nonexclusively breastfed HEU and HUU. The factors that affect the HEU gut microbiome, maternal gut microbiome and exclusive breastfeeding, may be targeted by interventions.

Dataset Information

Maturation of the gut metabolome during the first year of life in humans.

Publications

Maturation of the gut metabolome during the first year of life in humans.

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