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Material-engineered bioartificial microorganisms enabling efficient scavenging of waterborne viruses.

ABSTRACT: Material-based tactics have attracted extensive attention in driving the functional evolution of organisms. In aiming to design steerable bioartificial organisms to scavenge pathogenic waterborne viruses, we engineer Paramecium caudatum (Para), single-celled microorganisms, with a semiartificial and specific virus-scavenging organelle (VSO). Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles modified with a virus-capture antibody (MNPs@Ab) are integrated into the vacuoles of Para during feeding to produce VSOs, which persist inside Para without impairing their swimming ability. Compared with natural Para, which has no capture specificity and shows inefficient inactivation, the VSO-engineered Para (E-Para) specifically gathers waterborne viruses and confines them inside the VSOs, where the captured viruses are completely deactivated because the peroxidase-like nano-Fe₃O₄ produces virus-killing hydroxyl radicals (•OH) within acidic environment of VSO. After treatment, magnetized E-Para is readily recycled and reused, avoiding further contamination. Materials-based artificial organelles convert natural Para into a living virus scavenger, facilitating waterborne virus clearance without extra energy consumption.

SUBMITTER: Li H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10400550 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Material-engineered bioartificial microorganisms enabling efficient scavenging of waterborne viruses.

Li Huixin H Xu Yanpeng Y Wang Yang Y Cui Yihao Y Lin Jiake J Zhou Yuemin Y Tang Shuling S Zhang Ying Y Hao Haibin H Nie Zihao Z Wang Xiaoyu X Tang Ruikang R

Nature communications 20230803 1

Material-based tactics have attracted extensive attention in driving the functional evolution of organisms. In aiming to design steerable bioartificial organisms to scavenge pathogenic waterborne viruses, we engineer Paramecium caudatum (Para), single-celled microorganisms, with a semiartificial and specific virus-scavenging organelle (VSO). Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> magnetic nanoparticles modified with a virus-capture antibody (MNPs@Ab) are integrated into the vacuoles of Para during feeding ...[more]

PMID: 37537158

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Project description:IntroductionWe have recently reported about a novel technique for the generation of bioartificial vascular grafts based on the use of a compacted fibrin matrix. In this study, we evaluated the effects of a dehydration process on the biomechanical properties of compacted fibrin tubes and whether it allows for their long-term storage.Materials and methodsFibrin was precipitated from fresh frozen plasma by means of cryoprecipitation and simultaneously with a thrombin solution applied in a high-speed rotating casting mold. Subsequent dehydration of the fibrin tubes (29/38) was performed in dry air with a dilator inside the tube to prevent the collapse of the lumen. Dehydrated fibrin tubes were stored for six (n=9) and 12 months (n=10) at room temperature. Comparative analysis was done on initially generated and dehydrated fibrin tubes before and after storage to evaluate the effects of the dehydration process and storage on the biomechanical properties and structure of the tubes.ResultsThirty-eight fibrin tubes were generated by high-speed rotation-molding from 142±3 mg fibrinogen with an inner diameter of 5.8±0.1 mm and a length of 100 mm. A centrifugal force of nearly 900×g compacted applied fibrin, while fluid was pressed out of the matrix and drained from the mold via holes resulting in a 16-fold compaction of the fibrin matrix. Dehydration was characterized by shrinkage of the tubes to a diameter of 3.2±0.2 mm, while the length remained at 100 mm equivalent to a further two-fold compaction. The biomechanical strength of the dehydrated fibrin tubes significantly increased to values comparable to that of native ovine carotid arteries and maintained during the first 6 months of storage. After 12 months of storage, only five of 10 tubes were intact, and only one showed maintained biomechanical strength.DiscussionCompaction of a fibrin matrix in high-speed rotation-moulding and subsequent dehydration enables for the construction of small-caliber fibrin grafts. Over and above, the dehydration process allows their storage and stockpiling as a prerequisite for clinical use.

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Material-engineered bioartificial microorganisms enabling efficient scavenging of waterborne viruses.

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Material-engineered bioartificial microorganisms enabling efficient scavenging of waterborne viruses.

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