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In situ observation of coalescence of nuclei in colloidal crystal-crystal transitions.

ABSTRACT: Coalescence of nuclei in phase transitions significantly influences the transition rate and the properties of product materials, but these processes occur rapidly and are difficult to observe at the microscopic scale. Here, we directly image the coalescence of nuclei with single particle resolution during the crystal-crystal transition from a multilayer square to triangular lattices. The coalescence process exhibits three similar stages across a variety of scenarios: coupled growth of two nuclei, their attachment, and relaxation of the coalesced nucleus. The kinetics vary with nucleus size, interface, and lattice orientation; the kinetics include acceleration of nucleus growth, small nucleus liquefaction, and generation/annihilation of defects. Related mechanisms, such as strain induced by nucleus growth and the lower energy of liquid-crystal versus crystal-crystal interfaces, appear to be common to both atomic and colloidal crystals.

SUBMITTER: Peng Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10427646 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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In situ observation of coalescence of nuclei in colloidal crystal-crystal transitions.

Peng Yi Y Li Wei W Still Tim T Yodh Arjun G AG Han Yilong Y

Nature communications 20230815 1

Coalescence of nuclei in phase transitions significantly influences the transition rate and the properties of product materials, but these processes occur rapidly and are difficult to observe at the microscopic scale. Here, we directly image the coalescence of nuclei with single particle resolution during the crystal-crystal transition from a multilayer square to triangular lattices. The coalescence process exhibits three similar stages across a variety of scenarios: coupled growth of two nuclei ...[more]

PMID: 37582924

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