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Improved epitaxial growth and multiferroic properties of Bi₃Fe₂Mn₂O_x using CeO₂ re-seeding layers.

ABSTRACT: In ferroelectric and multiferroic-based devices, it is often necessary to grow thicker films for enhanced properties. For certain phases that rely on substrate strain for growth, such thicker film growths beyond the typical thin film regime could be challenging. As an example, the Bi₃Fe₂Mn₂O_x (BFMO) Aurivillius supercell (SC) phase possesses highly desirable multiferroic (i.e., ferromagnetic and ferroelectric) properties and a unique layered structure but relies heavily on substrate strain. Beyond the thin film regime (approximately 100 nm), a less desirable pseudo-cubic (PC) phase is formed. In this work, a novel heterogeneous re-seeding method is applied to maintain the strained growth in this SC phase beyond the thin film regime, thus enabling the growth of thick BFMO SC phase films. The insertion of periodic CeO₂ interlayers reintroduces the heteroepitaxial strain and effectively re-initiates the growth of the SC phase. The thick BFMO SC phase maintains the overall multiferroic and interesting anisotropic optical properties, even exceeding those of the typical 100 nm SC film. This re-seeding method can be effectively adopted with other SC systems or strain-dependent thin films, thus introducing practical applications of the new SC phases without thickness limitations.

SUBMITTER: Barnard JP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10597562 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Improved epitaxial growth and multiferroic properties of Bi3Fe2Mn2Ox using CeO2 re-seeding layers.

Barnard James P JP Shen Jianan J Zhang Yizhi Y Lu Juanjuan J Song Jiawei J Siddiqui Aleem A Sarma Raktim R Wang Haiyan H

Nanoscale advances 20231002 21

In ferroelectric and multiferroic-based devices, it is often necessary to grow thicker films for enhanced properties. For certain phases that rely on substrate strain for growth, such thicker film growths beyond the typical thin film regime could be challenging. As an example, the Bi3Fe2Mn2Ox (BFMO) Aurivillius supercell (SC) phase possesses highly desirable multiferroic (i.e., ferromagnetic and ferroelectric) properties and a unique laye ...[more]

PMID: 37881699

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Project description:The scattering pattern of a crystal obeys the symmetry of the crystal structure through the corresponding Laue group. This is usually also true for the diffuse scattering, containing information about disorder, but here a case is reported where the diffuse scattering is of lower symmetry than the parent crystal structure. The mineral bixbyite has been studied by X-ray and neutron scattering techniques since 1928 with some of the most recent studies characterizing the low-temperature transition to a magnetically disordered spin-glass state. However, bixbyite also exhibits structural disorder, and here single-crystal X-ray and neutron scattering is used to characterize the different modes of disorder present. One-dimensional rods of diffuse scattering are observed in the cubic mineral bixbyite, which break the expected symmetry of the scattering pattern. It is shown that this scattering arises from epitaxial intergrowths of the related mineral, braunite. The presence of this disorder mode is found to be directly observable as well-defined residuals in the average structure refined against the Bragg diffraction. An additional three-dimensional diffuse scattering component is observed in neutron scattering data, which is shown to originate from the substitutional disorder on the Fe/Mn sites. This occupational disorder gives rise to local relaxations of the oxide sublattice, and the pattern of oxide displacements can be rationalized based on crystal-field theory. The combined use of neutron and X-ray single-crystal scattering techniques highlights their great complementarity. In particular, the large sample requirements for neutron scattering experiments prove to be an obstacle in solving the intergrowth disorder due to several growth orientations, whereas for X-ray scattering the one-dimensional nature of the intergrowth disorder renders solving this a more tractable task. On the other hand, the oxide relaxations cannot be resolved using X-rays due to the low Mn/Fe contrast. By combining the two approaches both types of disorder have been characterized.

Dataset Information

Improved epitaxial growth and multiferroic properties of Bi₃Fe₂Mn₂O_x using CeO₂ re-seeding layers.

Publications

Improved epitaxial growth and multiferroic properties of Bi<sub>3</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub><i>x</i></sub> using CeO<sub>2</sub> re-seeding layers.

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