Dataset Information

Resistance to pyrazinamide in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates from previously treated tuberculosis cases in Southwestern Oromia, Ethiopia.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Pyrazinamide (PZA) susceptibility testing is important to develop evidence-based algorithms for case management. We aimed to assess the prevalence of PZA-resistance and its impact on treatment outcomes in previously treated tuberculosis (TB) cases in southwestern Oromia, Ethiopia.

Methods

A Phenotypic Drug Susceptibility Testing (DST) of PZA with BACTEC MGIT 960 was conducted at the Mycobacteriology Research Center of Jimma University (MRC-JU) from June to November 2021 on sixty-six Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) isolates from previously treated TB cases. SPSS software package version 21 was used. The differences in the proportion of PZA resistance between the groups were compared using the chi squared test. Logistic regression was used to identify the association between PZA resistance and treatment outcomes.

Results

Among 66 MTBC isolates (49 rifampicin-resistant and 17 rifampicin-sensitive) included in this study, 31.8 % were resistant to PZA. The proportion of PZA resistance was almost three times higher in previously treated TB cases with rifampicin resistance than in rifampicin-sensitive patients (38.8 % vs. 11.8 %, p = 0.039). An unfavorable treatment outcome was documented for 23 % (15/65) of the participants. Patients with PZA resistance were almost four times more likely to have an unfavorable treatment outcome than patients with PZA sensitive (aOR 4.2, 95 % CI: 1.13-15.3).

Conclusions

The prevalence of PZA resistance was high compared to the pooled PZA resistance estimated worldwide. The majority of TB cases with PZA resistance had an unfavorable treatment outcome. PZA susceptibility testing should be included in the multidrug-resistant TB diagnostic algorithm to improve management of these patients.

SUBMITTER: Balay G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10787229 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Resistance to pyrazinamide in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> complex isolates from previously treated tuberculosis cases in Southwestern Oromia, Ethiopia.

Balay Getu G Abdella Kedir K Kebede Wakjira W Tadesse Mulualem M Bonsa Zegeye Z Mekonnen Mekidim M Amare Misikir M Abebe Gemeda G

Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases 20231225

<h4>Objective</h4>Pyrazinamide (PZA) susceptibility testing is important to develop evidence-based algorithms for case management. We aimed to assess the prevalence of PZA-resistance and its impact on treatment outcomes in previously treated tuberculosis (TB) cases in southwestern Oromia, Ethiopia.<h4>Methods</h4>A Phenotypic Drug Susceptibility Testing (DST) of PZA with BACTEC MGIT 960 was conducted at the Mycobacteriology Research Center of Jimma University (MRC-JU) from June to November 2021 ...[more]

PMID: 38222863

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundWith the widespread use of rifampicin and isoniazid, bacterial resistance has become a growing problem. Additionally, the lack of relevant baseline information for the frequency of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) gene mutations is a critical issue, and the incidence of this infection in the city of Changchun has not investigated to date. However, compared with the slow traditional methods of drug susceptibility testing, recently developed detection methods, such as rifampicin and isoniazid resistance-related gene chip techniques, allow for rapid, easy detection and simultaneous testing for mutation frequency and drug resistance.MethodsIn this study, the rifampicin and isoniazid resistance-related gene mutation chip method was employed for an epidemiological investigation. To assess the gene mutation characteristics of drug-resistant TB and evaluate the chip method, we tested 2143 clinical specimens from patients from the infectious diseases hospital of Changchun city from January to December 2016. The drug sensitivity test method was used as the reference standard.ResultsThe following mutation frequencies of sites in the rifampicin resistance gene rpoB were found: Ser531Leu (52.6%), His526Tyr (12.3%), and Leu511Pro (8.8%). The multidrug-resistance (MDR)-TB mutation frequency was 34.7% for rpoB Ser531Leu and katG Ser315Thr, 26.4% for rpoB Ser531Leu and inhA promoter - 15 (C → T), and 10.7% for rpoB His526Tyr and katG Ser315Thr. In addition, drug susceptibility testing served as a reference standard. In previously treated clinical cases, the sensitivity and specificity of GeneChip were 83.1 and 98.7% for rifampicin resistance, 79.9 and 99.6% for isoniazid resistance, and 74.1 and 99.8% for MDR-TB.ConclusionsOur experimental results show that the chip method is accurate and reliable; it can be used to detect the type of drug-resistant gene mutation in clinical specimens. Moreover, this study can be used as a reference for future research on TB resistance baselines.