Dataset Information

Immunogram defines four cancer-immunity cycle phenotypes with distinct clonal selection patterns across solid tumors.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The cancer-immunity cycle (CI cycle) provides a theoretical framework to illustrate the process of the anticancer immune response. Recently, the update of the CI cycle theory emphasizes the importance of tumor's immunological phenotype. However, there is lack of immunological phenotype of pan-cancer based on CI cycle theory.

Methods

Here, we applied a visualizing method termed 'cancer immunogram' to visualize the state of CI cycle of 8460 solid tumors from TCGA cohort. Unsupervised clustering of the cancer immunogram was performed using the nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) analysis. We applied an evolutionary genomics approach (dN/dS ratio) to evaluate the clonal selection patterns of tumors with distinct immunogram subtypes.

Results

We defined four major CI cycle patterns across 32 cancer types using a cancer immunogram approach. Immunogram-I was characterized by 'hot' and 'exhausted' features, indicating a favorable prognosis. Strikingly, immunogram-II, immunogram-III, and immunogram-IV represented distinct immunosuppressive patterns of 'cold' tumor. Immunogram-II was characterized by 'cold' and 'radical' features, which represented increased expression of immune inhibitor molecules and high levels of positive selection, indicating the worst prognosis. Immunogram-III was characterized by 'cold' and 'recognizable' features and upregulated expression of MHC I molecules. Immunogram-IV was characterized by 'cold' and 'inert' features, which represented overall immunosuppression, lower levels of immunoediting and positive selection, and accumulation of more tumor neoantigens. In particular, favorable overall survival was observed in metastatic urothelial cancer patients with immunogram-I and immunogram-IV after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Meanwhile, a higher response rate to ICI therapy was observed in metastatic gastric cancer patients with immunogram-I phenotype.

Conclusions

Our findings provide new insight into the interaction between immunity and cancer evolution, which may contribute to optimizing immunotherapy strategies.

SUBMITTER: Hu Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10799518 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Immunogram defines four cancer-immunity cycle phenotypes with distinct clonal selection patterns across solid tumors.

Hu Ying Y Sun Huaibo H Shi Wei W Chen Chen C Wu Xueying X Jiang Yu Y Zhang Guoying G Li Na N Song Jin J Zhang Hao H Shen Baiyong B Zeng Hui H Zhang Henghui H

Journal of translational medicine 20240120 1

<h4>Background</h4>The cancer-immunity cycle (CI cycle) provides a theoretical framework to illustrate the process of the anticancer immune response. Recently, the update of the CI cycle theory emphasizes the importance of tumor's immunological phenotype. However, there is lack of immunological phenotype of pan-cancer based on CI cycle theory.<h4>Methods</h4>Here, we applied a visualizing method termed 'cancer immunogram' to visualize the state of CI cycle of 8460 solid tumors from TCGA cohort. ...[more]

PMID: 38243238

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Project description:BackgroundMASLD can manifest as hepatocellular damage, which can result in mild elevation of aminotransferases. However, in some patients, MASLD presents with cholestatic pattern.ObjectiveTo assess the impact of the biochemical pattern on the natural course of MASLD, including liver damage in histology, the accuracy of non-invasive tests(NITs), and prognosis.MethodsMulticenter study enrolling 2156 patients with biopsy-proven MASLD, who were classified based on their[ALT/ULN)]/[(ALP/ULN)] levels at the time of biopsy: (a) hepatocellular pattern(H), > 5; (b) mixed pattern(M),2-5; (c) cholestatic pattern(C), < 2.Outcomes(a) histological evaluation of the single components of NAS, MASH, and fibrosis; (b) NITs and transient elastography assessing advanced fibrosis; (c) prognosis determined by the appearance of decompensated cirrhosis and death.ResultsOut of the 2156 patients, 22.9% exhibited the H-pattern, whilst 31.7% exhibited the C-pattern. Severe steatosis, ballooning, lobular inflammation, and MASH (56.4% H vs. 41.9% M vs. 31.9% C) were more common in H-pattern (p = 0.0001),whilst C-pattern was linked to cirrhosis (5.8% H vs. 5.6% M vs. 10.9% C; p = 0.0001). FIB-4(0.74(95% CI 0.69-0.79) vs. 0.83 (95% CI 0.80-0.85); p = 0.005) and Hepamet Fibrosis Score(0.77 (95% CI 0.69-0.85) vs. 0.84 (95% CI 0.80-0.87); p = 0.044)exhibited lower AUROCs in the H-pattern. The C-pattern[HR 2.37 (95% CI 1.12-5.02); p = 0.024], along with age, diabetes, and cirrhosis were independently associated with mortality. Most patients maintained their initial biochemical pattern during the second evaluation.ConclusionsThe H-pattern exhibited greater necro-inflammation in the histology than the C-pattern, whereas the latter showed more cirrhosis. The accuracy of NITs in detecting fibrosis was decreased in H-pattern. The occurrence of decompensated events and mortality was predominant in C-pattern. Therefore, identifying MASLD phenotypes based on the biochemical presentation could be relevant for clinical practice.

Dataset Information

Immunogram defines four cancer-immunity cycle phenotypes with distinct clonal selection patterns across solid tumors.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Immunogram defines four cancer-immunity cycle phenotypes with distinct clonal selection patterns across solid tumors.

Similar Datasets

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