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Sfrp1 inhibits lung fibroblast invasion during transition to injury-induced myofibroblasts.


ABSTRACT:

Background

Fibroblast-to-myofibroblast conversion is a major driver of tissue remodelling in organ fibrosis. Distinct lineages of fibroblasts support homeostatic tissue niche functions, yet their specific activation states and phenotypic trajectories during injury and repair have remained unclear.

Methods

We combined spatial transcriptomics, multiplexed immunostainings, longitudinal single-cell RNA-sequencing and genetic lineage tracing to study fibroblast fates during mouse lung regeneration. Our findings were validated in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patient tissues in situ as well as in cell differentiation and invasion assays using patient lung fibroblasts. Cell differentiation and invasion assays established a function of SFRP1 in regulating human lung fibroblast invasion in response to transforming growth factor (TGF)β1.

Measurements and main results

We discovered a transitional fibroblast state characterised by high Sfrp1 expression, derived from both Tcf21-Cre lineage positive and negative cells. Sfrp1 + cells appeared early after injury in peribronchiolar, adventitial and alveolar locations and preceded the emergence of myofibroblasts. We identified lineage-specific paracrine signals and inferred converging transcriptional trajectories towards Sfrp1 + transitional fibroblasts and Cthrc1 + myofibroblasts. TGFβ1 downregulated SFRP1 in noninvasive transitional cells and induced their switch to an invasive CTHRC1+ myofibroblast identity. Finally, using loss-of-function studies we showed that SFRP1 modulates TGFβ1-induced fibroblast invasion and RHOA pathway activity.

Conclusions

Our study reveals the convergence of spatially and transcriptionally distinct fibroblast lineages into transcriptionally uniform myofibroblasts and identifies SFRP1 as a modulator of TGFβ1-driven fibroblast phenotypes in fibrogenesis. These findings are relevant in the context of therapeutic interventions that aim at limiting or reversing fibroblast foci formation.

SUBMITTER: Mayr CH 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10850614 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Sfrp1 inhibits lung fibroblast invasion during transition to injury-induced myofibroblasts.

Mayr Christoph H CH   Sengupta Arunima A   Asgharpour Sara S   Ansari Meshal M   Pestoni Jeanine C JC   Ogar Paulina P   Angelidis Ilias I   Liontos Andreas A   Rodriguez-Castillo José Alberto JA   Lang Niklas J NJ   Strunz Maximilian M   Porras-Gonzalez Diana D   Gerckens Michael M   De Sadeleer Laurens J LJ   Oehrle Bettina B   Viteri-Alvarez Valeria V   Fernandez Isis E IE   Tallquist Michelle M   Irmler Martin M   Beckers Johannes J   Eickelberg Oliver O   Stoleriu Gabriel Mircea GM   Behr Jürgen J   Kneidinger Nikolaus N   Wuyts Wim A WA   Wasnick Roxana Maria RM   Yildirim Ali Önder AÖ   Ahlbrecht Katrin K   Morty Rory E RE   Samakovlis Christos C   Theis Fabian J FJ   Burgstaller Gerald G   Schiller Herbert B HB  

The European respiratory journal 20240208 2


<h4>Background</h4>Fibroblast-to-myofibroblast conversion is a major driver of tissue remodelling in organ fibrosis. Distinct lineages of fibroblasts support homeostatic tissue niche functions, yet their specific activation states and phenotypic trajectories during injury and repair have remained unclear.<h4>Methods</h4>We combined spatial transcriptomics, multiplexed immunostainings, longitudinal single-cell RNA-sequencing and genetic lineage tracing to study fibroblast fates during mouse lung  ...[more]

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