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Variability and immunogenicity of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus surface glycoprotein.

ABSTRACT: The complete surface glycoprotein (SU) nucleotide sequences of three French isolates of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) were determined and compared with those of previously described isolates: three American isolates and one French isolate. Phylogenetic analyses revealed the existence of four distinct and roughly equidistant evolutionary CAEV subtypes. Four conserved and five variable domains were identified in the SU. The fine specificities of antibodies produced against these domains during natural infection were examined using a pepscan analysis. Nine immunogenic segments were delineated throughout the conserved and variable domains of SU, two of them corresponding to conserved immunodominant epitopes. Antigenic determinants which may be involved in the immunopathogenic process induced by CAEV were identified. These results also provide sensitive and specific antigen peptides for the serological detection and differentiation of CAEV and visna/maedi virus infections.

SUBMITTER: Valas S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC112118 | biostudies-literature | 2000 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Variability and immunogenicity of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus surface glycoprotein.

Valas S S Benoit C C Baudry C C Perrin G G Mamoun R Z RZ

Journal of virology 20000701 13

The complete surface glycoprotein (SU) nucleotide sequences of three French isolates of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) were determined and compared with those of previously described isolates: three American isolates and one French isolate. Phylogenetic analyses revealed the existence of four distinct and roughly equidistant evolutionary CAEV subtypes. Four conserved and five variable domains were identified in the SU. The fine specificities of antibodies produced against these doma ...[more]

PMID: 10846103

Similar Datasets

Phage display identifies two Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus env epitopes.

Project description:Using phage display and IgG of a goat infected with Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus (CAEV) we obtained families of 7 mer constrained peptides with consensus motifs LxSDPF/Y and SWN/KHWSY and mapped the epitopes mimicked by them at the Env 6-LISDPY-11 and 67-WNTYHW-72 sites of the mature gp135 amino acid sequence. The first epitope fell into the N-terminal immunogenic aa1-EDYTLISDPYGFS- aa14 site identified previously with a synthetic peptide approach; the second epitope has not been described previously. The first epitope is mostly conserved across CAEV isolates whereas the second newly described epitope is extremely conserved in Small Ruminant Lentiviruses env sequences. As being immunodominant, the epitopes are candidate targets for mimotope-mediated diagnosis and/or neutralization.

| S-EPMC3162499 | biostudies-literature

The dUTPase of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus negatively regulates interferon signaling pathway.

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| S-EPMC8573393 | biostudies-literature

Structure and genetic variability of envelope glycoproteins of two antigenic variants of caprine arthritis-encephalitis lentivirus.

Project description:To define the structure of the caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) env gene and characterize genetic changes which occur during antigenic variation, we sequenced the env genes of CAEV-63 and CAEV-Co, two antigenic variants of CAEV defined by serum neutralization. The deduced primary translation product of the CAEV env gene consists of a 60- to 80-amino-acid signal peptide followed by an amino-terminal surface protein (SU) and a carboxy-terminal transmembrane protein (TM) separated by an Arg-Lys-Lys-Arg cleavage site. The signal peptide cleavage site was verified by amino-terminal amino acid sequencing of native CAEV-63 SU. In addition, immunoprecipitation of [35S]methionine-labeled CAEV-63 proteins by sera from goats immunized with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the CAEV-63 env gene confirmed that antibodies induced by env-encoded recombinant proteins react specifically with native virion SU and TM. The env genes of CAEV-63 and CAEV-Co encode 28 conserved cysteines and 25 conserved potential N-linked glycosylation sites. Nucleotide sequence variability results in 62 amino acid changes and one deletion within the SU and 34 amino acid changes within the TM.

| S-EPMC250234 | biostudies-other

Isolation and Identification of Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus from Animals in the Republic of Mordovia.

Project description:This article presents the results of virological and genetic studies of an isolate of caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) virus from the republic of Mordovia, Russian Federation. The isolate was found during monitoring studies of goat blood samples for the viral genome, and the presence of antibodies to lentiviruses was detected. According to the recommendation of the OIE, the positive result of PCR was confirmed with nucleotide sequencing. It was found that the obtained nucleotide sequence is identical to the genome of small ruminant lentiviruses presented in the GenBank database. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the isolate "Mordovia-2018" was included in the same cluster with an isolate from the Tver region of the Russian Federation detected in 2008. The sequence of the fragment of the env-gene of the isolate from the republic of Mordovia is available in GenBank under the number MN186380.1. To isolate the virus, a fraction of peripheral blood monocyte cells from the animal's blood was added to a monolayer of lamb synovial membrane cell culture, and ten passages were carried out. The first manifestations of the cytopathic effect were observed after the third passage on the eighth day of cultivation in the form of single large cells of irregular shape with 5-7 nuclei. At the seventh passage, multiple syncytium with 7-12 nuclei were observed. At subsequent passage levels, the formation of syncytium containing more than 10-14 nuclei was observed.

| S-EPMC10375997 | biostudies-literature

Immunogenicity of a lentiviral-based DNA vaccine driven by the 5'LTR of the naturally attenuated caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) in mice and macaques.

Project description:Increasing the safety and the efficacy of existing HIV vaccines is one of the strategies that could help to promote the development of a vaccine for human use. We developed a HIV DNA vaccine (?4-SHIVKU2) that has been shown to induce potent polyfunctional HIV-specific T cell responses following a single dose immunization of mice and macaques. ?4-SHIVKU2 also induced protection when immunized macaques were challenged with homologous pathogenic viruses. In the present study, our aim was to examine whether a chimeric HIV DNA vaccine (CAL-?4-SHIVKU2) whose genome is driven by the LTR of the goat lentivirus, caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAEV) expresses efficiently the vaccine antigens and induces potent immune responses in animal models for HIV vaccine. Data of radioimmunoprecipitation assays clearly show that this chimeric genome drives efficient expression of all HIV antigens in the construct. In addition, evaluation of the p24 Gag protein in the supernatant of HEK-293-T cells transfected in parallel with ?4-SHIVKU2 and CAL-?4-SHIVKU2 showed no difference suggesting that these two LTRs are inducing equally the expression of the viral genes. Immunization of mice and macaques using our single dose immunization regimen resulted in induction of similar IFN-? ELISPOT responses in ?4-SHIVKU2- and CAL-?4-SHIVKU2-treated mice. Similar profiles of T cell responses were also detected both in mice and macaques when multiparametric flow cytometry analyses were performed. Since CAEV LTR is not dependent of Tat to drive viral gene expression and is not functional for integration with HIV integrase, this new vector increases the safety and efficacy of our vaccine vectors and vaccination strategy.

| S-EPMC3341415 | biostudies-literature

Two species of Rev proteins, with distinct N termini, are expressed by caprine arthritis encephalitis virus.

Project description:Several cDNA clones representing alternatively spliced Rev-specific transcripts were isolated from a cDNA library prepared from Himalayan tahr cells infected with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV). We previously characterized two rev-like cDNA species, d1 and d2, and a tat e1 cDNA containing the rev coding sequence downstream to the tat. In these cDNAs, the rev coding domain derives its amino terminus from the N terminus of env, which is spliced to the 3' open reading frame encoding the putative Rev protein. In this study, we report the genetic structure of a fourth rev-like cDNA (designated g1), which lacks the 5' env-derived sequences. All of these rev transcripts, including cDNA g1, increased the level of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase expression when cotransfected with a reporter plasmid containing the CAEV Rev-response element-spanning region downstream of the cat coding sequences. Western blot (immunoblot) analysis showed that each transfected cDNA species gave rise to a 16-kDa protein lacking env-encoded amino-terminal epitopes. In contrast, CAEV-infected Himalayan tahr cells expressed only a 20-kDa protein, whose N terminus, in contrast, is derived from the env. Moreover, only the 20-kDa protein was also detected in the mature CAEV virions. These observations suggest that the transcripts d1, d2, and e1 can potentially, in appropriate cellular context, encode two Rev isoforms differing in their N termini, whereas the g1 transcript encodes only the 16-kDa species. Elucidation of the significance of the 16-kDa Rev protein in CAEV biology must await further studies.

| S-EPMC190122 | biostudies-other

dUTPase-minus caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus is attenuated for pathogenesis and accumulates G-to-A substitutions.

Project description:The importance of the virally encoded dUTPase for CAEV replication, invasiveness, pathogenesis, and genetic stability was investigated in goats infected by viruses with single point (DU-G) and deletion (DU-1) mutations of the dUTPase gene (DU gene). The DU gene was found to be dispensable for CAEV replication in vivo as judged by times taken to seroconvert, frequencies of viral isolation, and tissue distribution of viral RNAs. DU- reversion at week 34 in one of three goats infected with the single point mutant DU-G, however, suggested that the viral dUTPase confers some advantages for replication in vivo. Moreover, we show that dUTPase is necessary for the timely development of bilateral arthritic lesions of the carpus. Finally, dUTPase was shown to efficiently prevent accumulation of G-to-A transitions in the viral genome.

| S-EPMC191673 | biostudies-other

First study on the molecular prevalence of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus in goats in Babylon, Iraq.

Project description:Background and aimCaprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) is a virus that affects goats all over the world and causes enormous economic losses; as a result, screening for the disease is a priority, especially in Iraq. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of CAEV in infected goats using the précised PCR method in Babylon, Iraq.Materials and methodsA total of 85 blood samples from goats aged 1 month to ≥6 years were analyzed for CAEV infections using molecular methods. The polymerase chain reaction primer was designed to amplify a 573 bp region of the proviral pol gene.ResultsThe CAEV tests revealed that five out of 85 goats were positive for CAEV. There were no significant differences in CAEV infection according to goat sex and significant differences according to age.ConclusionBased on these results, the present study is the first molecular survey to confirm the current CAEV genome in an Iraqi goat flock.

| S-EPMC9178586 | biostudies-literature

Demonstration of coinfection with and recombination by caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus and maedi-visna virus in naturally infected goats.

Project description:Recombination of different strains and subtypes is a hallmark of lentivirus infections, particularly for human immunodeficiency virus, and contributes significantly to viral diversity and evolution both within individual hosts and within populations. Recombinant viruses are generated in individuals coinfected or superinfected with more than one lentiviral strain or subtype. This, however, has never been described in vivo for the prototype lentivirus maedi-visna virus of sheep and its closely related caprine counterpart, the caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus. Cross-species infections occur in animals living under natural conditions, which suggests that dual infections with small-ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) are possible. In this paper we describe the first documented case of coinfection and viral recombination in two naturally infected goats. DNA fragments encompassing a variable region of the envelope glycoprotein were obtained from these two animals by end-limiting dilution PCR of peripheral blood mononuclear cells or infected cocultures. Genetic analyses, including nucleotide sequencing and heteroduplex mobility assays, showed that these goats harbored two distinct populations of SRLVs. Phylogenetic analysis permitted us to assign these sequences to the maedi-visna virus group (SRLV group A) or the caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus group (SRLV group B). SimPlot analysis showed clear evidence of A/B recombination within the env gene segment of a virus detected in one of the two goats. This case provides conclusive evidence that coinfection by different strains of SRLVs of groups A and B can indeed occur and that these viruses actually recombine in vivo.

| S-EPMC1900236 | biostudies-literature

Transmembrane protein oligomers of caprine arthritis-encephalitis lentivirus are immunodominant in goats with progressive arthritis.

Project description:To dissect mechanisms of caprine arthritis-encephalitis lentivirus-induced arthritis, an undefined immunodominant viral glycoprotein, gp90 (G. C. Johnson, A. F. Barbet, P. Klevjer-Anderson, and T. C. McGuire, Infect. Immun. 41:657-665, 1983), was characterized. Monoclonal antibody to gp90 and specific antiserum to env gene products demonstrated that gp90 was a transmembrane protein (TM) dimer. Goats with progressive arthritis had high antibody titers to oligomeric and monomeric (38-kDa) TM.

| S-EPMC241096 | biostudies-other

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