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Investigation of pulmonary inflammatory responses following intratracheal instillation of and inhalation exposure to polypropylene microplastics.


ABSTRACT:

Background

Microplastics have been detected in the atmosphere as well as in the ocean, and there is concern about their biological effects in the lungs. We conducted a short-term inhalation exposure and intratracheal instillation using rats to evaluate lung disorders related to microplastics. We conducted an inhalation exposure of polypropylene fine powder at a low concentration of 2 mg/m3 and a high concentration of 10 mg/m3 on 8-week-old male Fischer 344 rats for 6 h a day, 5 days a week for 4 weeks. We also conducted an intratracheal instillation of polypropylene at a low dose of 0.2 mg/rat and a high dose of 1.0 mg/rat on 12-week-old male Fischer 344 rats. Rats were dissected from 3 days to 6 months after both exposures, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue were collected to analyze lung inflammation and lung injury.

Results

Both exposures to polypropylene induced a persistent influx of inflammatory cells and expression of CINC-1, CINC-2, and MPO in BALF from 1 month after exposure. Genetic analysis showed a significant increase in inflammation-related factors for up to 6 months. The low concentration in the inhalation exposure of polypropylene also induced mild lung inflammation.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that inhaled polypropylene, which is a microplastic, induces persistent lung inflammation and has the potential for lung disorder. Exposure to 2 mg/m3 induced inflammatory changes and was thought to be the Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL) for acute effects of polypropylene. However, considering the concentration of microplastics in a real general environment, the risk of environmental hazards to humans may be low.

SUBMITTER: Tomonaga T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11301944 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Investigation of pulmonary inflammatory responses following intratracheal instillation of and inhalation exposure to polypropylene microplastics.

Tomonaga Taisuke T   Higashi Hidenori H   Izumi Hiroto H   Nishida Chinatsu C   Kawai Naoki N   Sato Kazuma K   Morimoto Toshiki T   Higashi Yasuyuki Y   Yatera Kazuhiro K   Morimoto Yasuo Y  

Particle and fibre toxicology 20240806 1


<h4>Background</h4>Microplastics have been detected in the atmosphere as well as in the ocean, and there is concern about their biological effects in the lungs. We conducted a short-term inhalation exposure and intratracheal instillation using rats to evaluate lung disorders related to microplastics. We conducted an inhalation exposure of polypropylene fine powder at a low concentration of 2 mg/m<sup>3</sup> and a high concentration of 10 mg/m<sup>3</sup> on 8-week-old male Fischer 344 rats for  ...[more]

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