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Universal cold RNA phase transitions.

ABSTRACT: RNA's diversity of structures and functions impacts all life forms since primordia. We use calorimetric force spectroscopy to investigate RNA folding landscapes in previously unexplored low-temperature conditions. We find that Watson-Crick RNA hairpins, the most basic secondary structure elements, undergo a glass-like transition below [Formula: see text]C where the heat capacity abruptly changes and the RNA folds into a diversity of misfolded structures. We hypothesize that an altered RNA biochemistry, determined by sequence-independent ribose-water interactions, outweighs sequence-dependent base pairing. The ubiquitous ribose-water interactions lead to universal RNA phase transitions below T_G, such as maximum stability at [Formula: see text]C where water density is maximum, and cold denaturation at [Formula: see text]C. RNA cold biochemistry may have a profound impact on RNA function and evolution.

SUBMITTER: Rissone P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11348302 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Universal cold RNA phase transitions.

Rissone Paolo P Severino Aurélien A Pastor Isabel I Ritort Felix F

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20240816 34

RNA's diversity of structures and functions impacts all life forms since primordia. We use calorimetric force spectroscopy to investigate RNA folding landscapes in previously unexplored low-temperature conditions. We find that Watson-Crick RNA hairpins, the most basic secondary structure elements, undergo a glass-like transition below [Formula: see text]C where the heat capacity abruptly changes and the RNA folds into a diversity of misfolded structures. We hypothesize that an altered RNA bioche ...[more]

PMID: 39150781

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