Dataset Information

Antiviral Properties of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extracts against Respiratory Viruses.

ABSTRACT: Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) is a plant widely used for its beneficial properties both in medical and non-medical fields. Because they produce bioactive metabolites, plants are a major resource for drug discovery. In this study, two different cultivars of leaves of M. oleifera (Salento and Barletta) were obtained by maceration or microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). We demonstrated that extracts obtained by MAE exhibited a lower cytotoxic profile compared to those obtained by maceration at concentrations ranged from 25 to 400 µg/mL, on both Vero CCL-81 and Vero/SLAM cells. We examined their antiviral properties against two viruses, i.e., the human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) and measles virus (MeV), which are both responsible for respiratory infections. The extracts were able to inhibit the infection of both viruses and strongly prevented their attack and entry into the cells in a range of concentrations from 50 to 12 µg/mL. Particularly active was the variety of Salento that registered a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) at 21 µg/mL for HCoV-229E and at 6 µg/mL for MeV. We identified the presence of several compounds through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); in particular, chlorogenic and neochlorogenic acids, quercetin 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (QGP), and glucomoringin (GM) were mainly observed. In the end, M. oleifera can be considered a promising candidate for combating viral infections with a very strong action in the early stages of viral life cycle, probably by destructuring the viral particles blocking the virus-cell fusion.

SUBMITTER: Giugliano R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11359668 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Antiviral Properties of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extracts against Respiratory Viruses.

Giugliano Rosa R Ferraro Valeria V Chianese Annalisa A Della Marca Roberta R Zannella Carla C Galdiero Francesca F Fasciana Teresa M A TMA Giammanco Anna A Salerno Antonio A Cannillo Joseph J Rotondo Natalie Paola NP Lentini Giovanni G Cavalluzzi Maria Maddalena MM De Filippis Anna A Galdiero Massimiliano M

Viruses 20240725 8

Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) is a plant widely used for its beneficial properties both in medical and non-medical fields. Because they produce bioactive metabolites, plants are a major resource for drug discovery. In this study, two different cultivars of leaves of M. oleifera (Salento and Barletta) were obtained by maceration or microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). We demonstrated that extracts obtained by MAE exhibited a lower cytotoxic profile compared to those obtained ...[more]

PMID: 39205173

Similar Datasets

Project description:Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) is revered as s 'miracle tree' due to its remarkable nutritional, medicinal and industrial uses. In our study, a comparative analysis of the nutritional parameters (antioxidant activity, sugar content-TSS, total soluble proteins-TSP and mineral contents), phytochemicals (HPLC analysis of four anticancer compounds), and cytotoxicity of M. oleifera leaf extracts (MLEs) of five selected varieties (conventional, PKM-1, PKM-2, ODC, and Jaffna), was performed. Jaffna variety possessed the highest antioxidant activity (FRAP) followed by other four varieties. The trend observed was: Jaffna (9.47 µg/mL, 18.48 µg/mL, 29.39 µg/mL, and 35.37 µg/mL) > PKM-1 (4.82 µg/mL, 7.63 µg/mL, 22.33 µg/mL, and 27.71 µg/mL) > PKM-2 (2.10 µg/mL, 7.04 µg/mL, 13.18 µg/mL, and 21.78 µg/mL) > ODC (0.17 µg/mL, 2.10 µg/mL, 4.41 µg/mL and 13.94 µg/mL) > Conventional (0.05 µg/mL, 1.08 µg/mL, 2.86 µg/mL, and 5.40 µg/mL), total soluble proteins (TSP) [0.69 ± 0.01 and 0.94 ± 0.01 µg/mL (young and mature stage, respectively)], sugar content (TSS) [0.39 ± 0.01 and 0.51 ± 0.01 µg/mL (young and mature stage, respectively)], chlorophyll content [1.07 ± 0.01 (plantlet stage), 1.36 ± 0.003 (vegetative-stage), 0.82 ± 0.004 (reproductive stage) mg/g], followed by the other four varieties. The trend observed for cytotoxic activities of ethanolic MLEs on HepG2 cell line, based on the IC50 values, was conventional (1.22 mg/mL) > ODC (0.90 mg/mL) > PKM-2 (0.65 mg/mL) > PKM-1 (0.35 mg/mL) > Jaffna (0.15 mg/mL). The results of HPLC quantification of anticancer compounds [beta-sitosterol (0.244%), quercetin (0.216%), kaempferol (0.013%), and moringin (0.063%)] was also in consonance with that of MTT assay. In summary, the trend observed in all the parameters tested was Jaffna > PKM-1 > PKM-2 > ODC > conventional. Thus, Jaffna variety has a better potential to combat malnutrition and cancer and must be recommended for commercial plantations.

Project description:The delayed healing of wounds among people with diabetes is a severe problem worldwide. Hyperglycemia and increased levels of free radicals are the major inhibiting factors of wound healing in diabetic patients. Plant extracts are a rich source of polyphenols, allowing them to be an effective agent for wound healing. Drying temperature and extraction solvent highly affect the stability of polyphenols in plant materials. However, there is a need to optimize the extraction protocol to ensure the efficacy of the final product. For this purpose, the effects of drying temperature and solvents on the polyphenolic composition and diabetic wound healing activity of Moringa oleifera leaves were examined in the present research. Fresh leaves were oven dried at different temperatures (10 °C, 30 °C, 50 °C, and 100 °C) and extracted in three solvents (acetone, ethanol, and methanol) to obtain twelve extracts in total. The extracts were assessed for free radical scavenging and antihyperglycemic effects using DPPH (2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl) and α- glucosidase inhibition assays. Alongside this, a scratch assay was performed to evaluate the cell migration activity of M. oleifera on the human retinal pigment epithelial cell line. The cytotoxicity of the plant extracts was assessed on human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) and hepatocellular carcinoma (Huh-7) cell lines. Using high-performance liquid chromatography, phenolic compounds in extracts of M. oleifera were identified. We found that an ethanol-based extract prepared by drying the leaves at 10 °C contained the highest amounts of identified polyphenols. Moringa oleifera extracts showed remarkable antioxidant, antidiabetic, and cell migration properties. The best results were obtained with leaves dried at 10 °C and 30 °C. Decreased activities were observed with drying temperatures of 50 °C and above. Moreover, M. oleifera extracts exhibited no toxicity on RPE cells, and the same extracts were cytotoxic for Huh-7 cells. This study revealed that M. oleifera leaves extracts can enhance wound healing in diabetic conditions due to their antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, and cell migration effects. The leaves of this plant can be an excellent therapeutic option when extracted at optimum conditions.

Project description:Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) leaves are rich in nutrients and antioxidant compounds that can be consumed to prevent and overcome malnutrition. The water infusion of its leaf is the easiest way to prepare the herbal drink. So far, no information is available on the antioxidant, antimutagenic, and antivirus capacities of this infusion. This study aimed to determine the composition of the bioactive compounds in M. oleifera leaf infusion, measuring for antioxidant and antimutagenic activity, and evaluating any ability to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro). The first two objectives were carried out in vitro. The third objective was carried out in silico. The phytochemical analysis of M. oleifera leaf infusion was carried out using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Antioxidant activity was measured as a factor of the presence of the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The antimutagenicity of M. oleifera leaf powder infusion was measured using the plasmid pBR322 (treated free radical). The interaction between bioactive compounds and Mpro of SARS-CoV-2 was analyzed via molecular docking. The totals of phenolic compound and flavonoid compound from M. oleifera leaf infusion were 1.780 ± 5.00 µg gallic acid equivalent/g (µg GAE/g) and 322.91 ± 0.98 µg quercetin equivalent/g (µg QE/g), respectively. The five main bioactive compounds involved in the infusion were detected by LC-MS. Three of these were flavonoid glucosides, namely quercetin 3-O-glucoside, kaempferol 3-O-neohesperidoside, and kaempferol 3-α-L-dirhamnosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranoside. The other two compounds were undulatoside A, which belongs to chromone-derived flavonoids, and gentiatibetine, which belongs to alkaloids. The antioxidant activity of M. oleifera leaf infusion was IC50 8.19 ± 0.005 µg/mL, which is stronger than the standard butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) IC50 11.60 ± 0.30 µg/mL. The infusion has an antimutagenic effect and therefore protects against deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. In silico studies showed that the five main bioactive compounds have an antiviral capacity. There were strong energy bonds between Mpro molecules and gentiatibetine, quercetin, undulatoside A, kaempferol 3-o-neohesperidoside, and quercetin 3-O-glucoside. Their binding energy values are -5.1, -7.5, -7.7, -5.7, and -8.2 kcal/mol, respectively. Their antioxidant activity, ability to maintain DNA integrity, and antimutagenic properties were more potent than the positive controls. It can be concluded that leaf infusion of M. oleifera does provide a promising herbal drink with good antioxidant, antimutagenic, and antivirus capacities.

Dataset Information

Antiviral Properties of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extracts against Respiratory Viruses.

Publications

Antiviral Properties of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Leaf Extracts against Respiratory Viruses.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets