Dataset Information

Oral shedding of herpes simplex virus type 2.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 and HSV-2 reactivate preferentially in the oral and genital area, respectively. We aimed to define frequency and characteristics associated with oral shedding of HSV-2.

Methods

Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of patients with documented HSV-2 infection and at least one oral viral culture obtained were selected from the University of Washington Virology Research Clinic database.

Results

Of 1388 people meeting the entry criteria, 44 (3.2%) had HSV-2 isolated at least once from their mouths. In comparison with the 1344 people who did not have HSV-2 isolated from their mouth, participants with oral HSV-2 were more likely to be male (OR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.0 to 3.7), HIV positive (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.4 to 6.0), and homosexual (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.2), and to have collected a larger number of oral specimens (median 32 v 4, p<0.001). Of the 58 days with oral HSV-2 isolation, 15 (25%) occurred during newly acquired HSV-2 infection, 12 (21%) during a recurrence with genital lesions, three (5%) during a recurrence with oral lesions, and three (5%) during a recurrence with oral and genital lesions; 25 (43%) occurred during asymptomatic shedding. Oral HSV-2 was found less frequently than oral HSV-1 (0.06% v 1%, p<0.001) in people with HSV-1 and HSV-2 antibody, and less frequently than genital HSV-2 (0.09% v 7%, p<0.001).

Conclusions

Oral reactivation of HSV-2 as defined by viral isolation is uncommon and usually occurs in the setting of first episode of genital HSV-2 or during genital recurrence of HSV-2.

SUBMITTER: Wald A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1744863 | biostudies-literature | 2004 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Oral shedding of herpes simplex virus type 2.

Wald A A Ericsson M M Krantz E E Selke S S Corey L L

Sexually transmitted infections 20040801 4

<h4>Objectives</h4>Herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 and HSV-2 reactivate preferentially in the oral and genital area, respectively. We aimed to define frequency and characteristics associated with oral shedding of HSV-2.<h4>Methods</h4>Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of patients with documented HSV-2 infection and at least one oral viral culture obtained were selected from the University of Washington Virology Research Clinic database.<h4>Results</h4>Of 1388 people meeting the entry criter ...[more]

PMID: 15295123

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Project description:Herpes simplex virus replicates in the nucleus, where new capsids are assembled. It produces procapsids devoid of nucleic acid but containing the preVP22a scaffold protein. These thermo-unstable particles then mature into A-, B- or C-nuclear icosahedral capsids, depending on their ability to shed the proteolytically processed scaffold and incorporation of the viral genome. To study how these viral capsids differ, we performed proteomics studies of highly enriched HSV-1 A-, B- and C-nuclear capsids, relying in part on a novel and powerful flow virometry approach to purify C-capsids. We found that the viral particles contained the expected capsid components and identified several tegument proteins in the C-capsid fraction (pUL21, pUL36, pUL46, pUL48, pUL49, pUL50, pUL51 and pUS10). Moreover, numerous ribosomal, hnRNPs and other host proteins, absent from the uninfected controls, were detected on the capsids with some of them seemingly specific to C-capsids (glycogen synthase, four different keratin-related proteins, fibronectin 1 and PCBP1). A subsequent proteomics analysis was performed to rule out the presence of protein complexes that may share similar density as the viral capsids but do not otherwise interact with them. Using pUL25 or VP5 mutant viruses incapable of assembling C-nuclear or all nuclear capsids, respectively, we confirmed the bulk of our initial findings. Naturally, it will next be important to address the functional relevance of these proteins.IMPORTANCE Much is known about the biology of herpesviruses. This includes their unique ability to traverse the two nuclear envelopes by sequential budding and fusion steps. For HSV-1, this implies the pUL31/pUL34 and pUL17/pUL25 complexes that may favor C-capsid egress. However, this selection process is not clear, nor are all the differences that distinguish A-, B- and C-capsids. The present study probes what proteins compose these capsids, including host proteins. This should open up new research avenues to clarify the biology of this most interesting family of viruses. It also reiterates the use of flow virometry as an innovative tool to purify viral particles.

Dataset Information

Oral shedding of herpes simplex virus type 2.

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Oral shedding of herpes simplex virus type 2.

Similar Datasets

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