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Stromal derived factor-1 exerts differential regulation on distinct cortical cell populations in vitro.

ABSTRACT: Stromal derived factor (SDF-1), an alpha chemokine, is a widely known chemoattractant in the immune system. A growing body of evidence now suggests multiple regulatory roles for SDF-1 in the developing nervous system.To investigate the role of SDF-1 signaling in the growth and differentiation of cortical cells, we performed numerous in vitro experiments, including gene chip and quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Using SDF-1 medium and AMD3100, a receptor antagonist, we demonstrate that the chemokine signaling regulates key events during early cortical development. First, SDF-1 signaling maintains cortical progenitors in proliferation, possibly through a mechanism involving connexin 43 mediated intercellular coupling. Second, SDF-1 signaling upregulates the differentiation of cortical GABAergic neurons, independent of sonic signaling pathway. Third, SDF-1 enables the elongation and branching of axons of cortical glutamatergic neurons. Finally, cortical cultures derived from CXCR4-/- mutants show a close parallel to AMD3100 treatment with reduced cell proliferation and differentiation of GABAergic neurons.Results from this study show that SDF-1 regulates distinct cortical cell populations in vitro.

SUBMITTER: Pritchett J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1854892 | biostudies-literature | 2007 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Stromal derived factor-1 exerts differential regulation on distinct cortical cell populations in vitro.

Pritchett James J Wright Clare C Zeef Leo L Nadarajah Bagirathy B

BMC developmental biology 20070410

<h4>Background</h4>Stromal derived factor (SDF-1), an alpha chemokine, is a widely known chemoattractant in the immune system. A growing body of evidence now suggests multiple regulatory roles for SDF-1 in the developing nervous system.<h4>Results</h4>To investigate the role of SDF-1 signaling in the growth and differentiation of cortical cells, we performed numerous in vitro experiments, including gene chip and quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Using SDF-1 medium and AMD3100, a receptor antagonist, ...[more]

PMID: 17425785

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Project description:The transcriptional profile induced by hypoxia plays important roles in the chondrogenic differentiation of marrow stromal/stem cells (MSC) and is mediated by the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) complex. However, various compounds can also stabilize HIF's oxygen-responsive element, HIF-1α, at normoxia and mimic many hypoxia-induced cellular responses. Such compounds may prove efficacious in cartilage tissue engineering, where microenvironmental cues may mediate functional tissue formation. Here, we investigated three HIF-stabilizing compounds, which each have distinct mechanisms of action, to understand how they differentially influenced the chondrogenesis of human bone marrow-derived MSC (hBM-MSC) in vitro. hBM-MSCs were chondrogenically-induced in transforming growth factor-β3-containing media in the presence of HIF-stabilizing compounds. HIF-1α stabilization was assessed by HIF-1α immunofluorescence staining, expression of HIF target and articular chondrocyte specific genes by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and cartilage-like extracellular matrix production by immunofluorescence and histochemical staining. We demonstrate that all three compounds induced similar levels of HIF-1α nuclear localization. However, while the 2-oxoglutarate analog dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) promoted upregulation of a selection of HIF target genes, desferrioxamine (DFX) and cobalt chloride (CoCl2 ), compounds that chelate or compete with divalent iron (Fe2+ ), respectively, did not. Moreover, DMOG induced a more chondrogenic transcriptional profile, which was abolished by Acriflavine, an inhibitor of HIF-1α-HIF-β binding, while the chondrogenic effects of DFX and CoCl2 were more limited. Together, these data suggest that HIF-1α function during hBM-MSC chondrogenesis may be regulated by mechanisms with a greater dependence on 2-oxoglutarate than Fe2+ availability. These results may have important implications for understanding cartilage disease and developing targeted therapies for cartilage repair. Stem Cells 2018;36:1380-1392.

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Stromal derived factor-1 exerts differential regulation on distinct cortical cell populations in vitro.

Publications

Stromal derived factor-1 exerts differential regulation on distinct cortical cell populations in vitro.

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