Dataset Information

Molecular fingerprinting of the fecal microbiota of children raised according to different lifestyles.

ABSTRACT: In this population-based study, 90 children from three European countries were examined to determine the impact of lifestyle on the fecal microbiota. The study was designed to assess the impact of two extreme lifestyles that we hypothesized could impact the microbial composition in the gut: i.e., an anthroposophic lifestyle (restricted use of antibiotics, greater consumption of fermented vegetables, etc.) versus living on a farm (greater consumption of farm milk, contact with animals, etc.). In previous studies, these lifestyles correlated with lower prevalence of allergies. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) was used to assess the bacterial composition in fecal samples since recent studies have shown that the majority of this community cannot be cultivated. The T-RFLP data were used to calculate richness and evenness of the fecal microbiota. Children that were attending Steiner schools (anthroposophic children) had a significantly higher diversity of microbes in their feces than farm children, who in turn also had lower diversity than the control groups. Specific primers were also used to focus on the Lactobacillus-like community (lactic acid bacteria [LAB]). Large differences were found in the LAB subpopulations in the sampled groups. In some children, the LAB subpopulation was dominated by a species that has not yet been cultivated.

SUBMITTER: Dicksved J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC1855685 | biostudies-literature | 2007 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Molecular fingerprinting of the fecal microbiota of children raised according to different lifestyles.

Dicksved Johan J Flöistrup Helen H Bergström Anna A Rosenquist Magnus M Pershagen Göran G Scheynius Annika A Roos Stefan S Alm Johan S JS Engstrand Lars L Braun-Fahrländer Charlotte C von Mutius Erika E Jansson Janet K JK

Applied and environmental microbiology 20070209 7

In this population-based study, 90 children from three European countries were examined to determine the impact of lifestyle on the fecal microbiota. The study was designed to assess the impact of two extreme lifestyles that we hypothesized could impact the microbial composition in the gut: i.e., an anthroposophic lifestyle (restricted use of antibiotics, greater consumption of fermented vegetables, etc.) versus living on a farm (greater consumption of farm milk, contact with animals, etc.). In ...[more]

PMID: 17293501

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Project description:Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) constitute one of the leading causes of antibiotic administration, hospitalization and death among children <5 years old. The upper respiratory tract microbiota has been suggested to explain differential susceptibility to ARIs and modulate ARI severity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation of nasopharyngeal microbiota and other microbiological parameters with respiratory health and disease, and to assess nasopharyngeal microbiota diagnostic utility for discriminating between different respiratory health statuses. We conducted a prospective case-control study at Hospital Sant Joan de Deu (Barcelona, Spain) from 2014 to 2018. This study included three groups of children <18 years with gradual decrease of ARI severity: cases with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) (representative of lower respiratory tract infections and systemic infections), symptomatic controls with mild viral upper respiratory tract infections (URTI), and healthy/asymptomatic controls according to an approximate case-control ratio 1:2. Nasopharyngeal samples were collected from participants for detection, quantification and serotyping of pneumococcal DNA, viral DNA/RNA detection and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Microbiological parameters were included on case-control classification models. A total of 140 subjects were recruited (IPD=27, URTI=48, healthy/asymptomatic control=65). Children's nasopharyngeal microbiota composition varied according to respiratory health status and infection severity. The IPD group was characterized by overrepresentation of Streptococcus pneumoniae, higher frequency of invasive pneumococcal serotypes, increased rate of viral infection and underrepresentation of potential protective bacterial species such as Dolosigranulum pigrum and Moraxella lincolnii. Microbiota-based classification models differentiated cases from controls with moderately high accuracy. These results demonstrate the close relationship existing between a child's nasopharyngeal microbiota and respiratory health, and provide initial evidence of the potential of microbiota-based diagnostics for differential diagnosis of severe ARIs using non-invasive samples.

Dataset Information

Molecular fingerprinting of the fecal microbiota of children raised according to different lifestyles.

Publications

Molecular fingerprinting of the fecal microbiota of children raised according to different lifestyles.

Similar Datasets

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