Project description:To describe a simplified ab-interno cow-hitch suture fixation technique for repositioning decentered posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL).Two cases are presented with the surgical correction of decentered and subluxated IOL. Ab-interno scleral suture fixation technique with hitch-cow knot in the eye was performed with a ciliary sulcus guide instrument and 1 year follow-up was completed.Both of the patients had well centered lenses postoperatively. Corrected distant and near visual acuities of the patients were improved. There was no significant postoperative complication. In the follow-up period of 1 year, no evidence of suture erosion was found.Ab-interno scleral suture loop fixation with hitch-cow knot in the eye was effective in repositioning decentered or subluxated PC IOLs with excellent postoperative centered lenses and visual outcomes.
Project description:PurposeNecrotizing retinopathy is an uncommon, devastating, potentially blinding condition, which can be seen in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. The purpose of this case is to report a new subset of necrotizing viral retinopathy.ObservationA 34-year old lady presented to our outpatient department with sudden diminution of vision in both eyes following a brief history of viral fever with vesicular rashes. Fundus examination showed areas of necrotizing retinitis in posterior pole involving macula with scattered superficial retinal hemorrhages, cotton-wool spots in both the eyes. She was treated with intravenous acyclovir and oral valacyclovir.Conclusion and importanceOur case may represent a new subset of necrotizing viral retinopathy, which may intermediate the clinical pictures of acute retinal necrosis and progressive outer retinal necrosis.
Project description:Plasma-mediated ab interno trabeculectomy with the trabectome was first approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2004 for use in adult and pediatric glaucomas. Since then, increased clinical experience and updated outcome data have led to its expanded use, including a range of glaucomas and angle presentations, previously deemed to be relatively contraindicated. The main benefits are a high degree of safety, ease, and speed compared to traditional filtering surgery and tube shunts. The increasing burden of glaucoma and expanding life expectancy has resulted in demand for well-trained surgeons. In this article, we discuss the results of trabectome surgery in standard and nonstandard indications. We present training strategies of the surgical technique that include a pig eye model, and visualization exercises that can be performed before and at the conclusion of standard cataract surgery in patients who do not have glaucoma. We detail the mechanism of enhancing the conventional outflow pathway and describe methods of visualization and function testing.
Project description:IntroductionIntraoperative observation of ocular structures using microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography (iOCT) has been adopted recently. I report my initial feasibility assessment of iOCT for the incised trabecular meshwork observation during microhook ab interno trabeculotomy.Case seriesBoth the nasal and temporal sides or either side of the trabecular meshwork/inner wall of Schlemm's canal was incised more than 3 clock hours. After then, under observation using a Swan-Jacob gonioprism lens with the real-time 5-line scan mode, OCT images of the area were successfully acquired in 10 (83%) of 12 sides in nine eyes. Based on the appearance of the acquired images of the 10 sides, the trabeculotomy cleft could be classified into three incisional patterns, that is, six (60%) anterior-opening patterns (posterior-based flap), three (30%) middle-opening patterns (posterior- and anterior-based flaps), and one (10%) posterior-opening pattern (anterior-based flap), according to the predominant locations of the trabecular meshwork flaps.ConclusionIntraoperative observation of the gonio structures including the trabeculotomy cleft was feasible using the RESCAN 700 in combination with a gonioprism.
Project description:PURPOSE:To investigate whether microsurgical excision of trabecular meshwork (TM) in an ex vivo pigmentary glaucoma model can normalize the hypertensive phenotype. METHODS:Eight eyes of a porcine pigmentary glaucoma model underwent 90° of microsurgical TM excision with an aspirating dual-blade (Goniotome (G)). 24 hours later, additional 90° of TM were removed. Anterior segments with sham surgeries served as the control (C). Outflow facility and intraocular pressure (IOP) were analyzed. Histology with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) was obtained. RESULTS:After the first 90° TM excision, IOP was significantly lower in G (10.2±2.4 mmHg, n = 7) than C (20.0±2.0mmHg, n = 8, P<0.01). Outflow facility in G (0.38±0.07 ?l/min/mmHg) was higher than C (0.16±0.02 ?l/min/mmHg, P<0.01). After the second 90° TM excision, IOP in G (6.46±0.81 mmHg, n = 7) was significantly lower than C (20.3±1.7 mmHg, n = 8, P<0.001), while the outflow facility in G (0.50±0.05 ?l/min/mmHg, n = 7) was higher than C (0.16±0.01 ?l/min/mmHg, n = 8, P<0.001). Compared to the first excision, excision of an additional 90° did not change of IOP (P = 0.20) or outflow facility (P = 0.17) further. CONCLUSIONS:Excision of 90° of TM in a pigmentary glaucoma model using an aspirating dual-blade decreased IOP and increased outflow facility.
Project description:To analyse ab interno trabeculectomy (AIT) with the trabectome and combined phacoemulsification with AIT (phaco-AIT) by Shaffer angle grade (SG).Prospective study of AIT and phaco-AIT with narrow angles of SG?2 versus open angles ?3. Outcomes included intraocular pressure (IOP), medications, complications, secondary surgery and success (IOP <21?mm?Hg and >20% reduction without further surgery). Exclusion criteria were missing preoperative data and <1?year follow-up.Of 671 included cases, at 1?year AIT SG?2 (n=43) had an IOP reduction of 42% from 27.3±7.4 to 15.7±3.0?mm?Hg (p<0.01) versus AIT SG?3 (n=271) with an IOP reduction of 37% from 26.1±7.8 to 16.4±3.9?mm?Hg (p<0.01). In phaco-AIT with SG?2 (n=48), IOP was reduced 24% from 20.7±7.0 to 15.7±3.6?mm?Hg (p<0.01) versus phaco-AIT with SG?3 (n=309) with an IOP reduction of 25% from 22.6±6.4 to 17.0±3.4?mm?Hg (p<0.01). There was no difference between SG?2 and SG?3 in reduction of IOP or medications, complications, secondary surgery and success rates (p>0.05).SG?2 is not associated with worse outcomes in AIT or phaco-AIT.
Project description:Microhook trabeculotomy (μLOT), recently developed by Tanito belongs to minimally invasive glaucoma surgery and contributes to intraocular pressure (IOP) control in eyes with glaucoma resistant to medical therapy. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of μLOT for uveitic glaucoma. The medical records of consecutive 36 eyes from 30 patients who underwent μLOT and were followed up over post-operative 1 year were reviewed. The surgical success (IOP = 5-20 mmHg and ΔIOP ≥ 20% with additional anti-glaucoma drugs) was achieved in 67% of eyes at post-operative 12 months. The median IOP significantly decreased from 30.5 mmHg pre-operatively to 15 mmHg at 12 months post-operatively (p = 0.001), and the median glaucoma drug score changed from 5 pre-operatively to 2.5 at 12 months post-operatively (p = 0.301). Intraocular inflammation scores at post-operative 6 weeks did not show a significant worsening as compared to pre-operatively, and 8 (22%) eyes exhibited exacerbation of inflammation during the 12-month follow-up period. Post-operative complications were confirmed in 58% of eyes, but most of them were mild and transient or successfully managed. With its favorable benefit-risk profile, μLOT would be an option worth considering as the first glaucoma surgery for uveitic glaucoma.
Project description:Parasites enter the eye through hematogenous spread. The interaction with host immune system may result in its destruction but not without collateral damage to the vital retinal structures. Currently, the accepted treatment for ocular parasitosis is surgical removal or direct laser photocoagulation. A 24-year-old Indian woman presented with abrupt painless loss of vision to 5/300. A large yellow-white lesion centered at macula was observed with associated retinal and subretinal hemorrhage and neurosensory retinal detachment. A parasite was seen protruding at the center of the lesion. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated disc leakage and vessel wall staining. Ultrasonography demonstrated a highly reflective subretinal lesion with aftershadowing. Serological test was positive for anti-cysticercus (IgM) antibody. Treatment with prednisolone and albendazole resulted in resolution of the lesion within 2 months with improvement of visual acuity to 20/400. A noncystic form of subretinal cysticercosis is likely with suggestive B-scan ultrasonography and serological investigations.
Project description:To assess the roles of preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) level on the IOP reducing efficacy of microhook ab interno trabeculotomy (µLOT), 126 consecutive open-angle glaucomatous eyes (90 primary open angle glaucoma, 36 exfoliation glaucoma) of 126 Japanese subjects (60 men, 66 women; mean age ± standard deviation, 70.5 ± 11.4 years) who underwent µLOT alone (25 eyes, 20%) or combined µLOT and cataract surgery (101 eyes, 80%) were retrospectively included, and subdivided into four groups based on the quartile of preoperative IOP: Q1, ≤15 mmHg; Q2, 15-18 mmHg, Q3, 18-21 mmHg, and Q4, >21 mmHg. Preoperative and 12 months postoperative IOPs and numbers of antiglaucoma medications were compared among IOP groups. Factors associated with postoperative IOP were assessed using multivariate analysis, and the success of IOP control was assessed with various definitions. Postoperatively, IOP was significantly higher in Q3 (p < 0.0146) and Q4 (p = 0.0320) groups than Q1 group, while the number of medications was not significantly different among four IOP groups (p = 0.1966). Older age was associated with lower postoperative IOP, and higher preoperative IOP was associated with higher postoperative IOP, while sex, glaucoma type, surgical procedure, lens status, extent of trabeculotomy incision, and preoperative number of medications were not associated with postoperative IOP. The success rates for IOP ≤ 18 and ≤15 mmHg were higher in lower preoperative IOP groups (i.e., Q1 and Q2) than higher preoperative IOP groups (Q3 and Q4), while the success rate for ≥20% IOP reduction was higher in higher preoperative IOP groups than in lower preoperative IOP groups; the success rate for ≥0% IOP reduction was equivalent among groups. By reviewing the previous studies in ab interno trabeculotomy/goniotomy procedures, positive correlation between preoperative and postoperative IOPs was preserved throughout the studies and surgical procedures. After the µLOT, larger %IOP reduction was achieved in higher preoperative IOP groups than in lower preoperative IOP groups, while postoperative IOP was still lower than in lower preoperative IOP groups.