Dataset Information

Heritability of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Diabetic nephropathy clusters in families, suggesting that genetic factors play a role in its pathogenesis. We investigated whether similar clustering exists for proliferative retinopathy in families with two or more siblings with type 1 diabetes.

Research design and methods

The FinnDiane Study has characterized 20% (4,800 patients) of adults with type 1 diabetes in Finland. In 188 families, there were at least two siblings with type 1 diabetes. Ophthalmic records were obtained for 369 of 396 (93%) and fundus photographs for 251 of 369 (68%) patients. Retinopathy was graded based on photographs and/or repeated ophthalmic examinations using the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy grading scale.

Results

Mean age at onset of diabetes was 14.3 +/- 10.2 years, and mean duration was 25.9 +/- 11.8 years. Proliferative retinopathy was found in 115 of 369 patients (31%). The familial risk of proliferative retinopathy was estimated in 168 of 188 sibships, adjusted for A1C, duration, and mean blood pressure. Proliferative retinopathy in the probands (48 of 168) was associated with an increased risk (odds ratio 2.76 [95% CI 1.25- 6.11], P = 0.01) of proliferative retinopathy in the siblings of probands (61 of 182). The heritability of proliferative retinopathy was h(2) = 0.52 +/- 0.31 (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

We found a familial clustering of proliferative retinopathy in patients with type 1 diabetes. The observation cannot be accounted for by conventional risk factors, suggesting a genetic component in the pathogenesis of proliferative retinopathy in type 1 diabetes.

SUBMITTER: Hietala K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2494680 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Heritability of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Hietala Kustaa K Forsblom Carol C Summanen Paula P Groop Per-Henrik PH

Diabetes 20080428 8

<h4>Objective</h4>Diabetic nephropathy clusters in families, suggesting that genetic factors play a role in its pathogenesis. We investigated whether similar clustering exists for proliferative retinopathy in families with two or more siblings with type 1 diabetes.<h4>Research design and methods</h4>The FinnDiane Study has characterized 20% (4,800 patients) of adults with type 1 diabetes in Finland. In 188 families, there were at least two siblings with type 1 diabetes. Ophthalmic records were o ...[more]

PMID: 18443200

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Project description:BackgroundProliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), a sight-threatening retinopathy, is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in adults. Despite strict control of systemic risk factors, a fraction of patients with diabetes develop PDR, suggesting the existence of other potential pathogenic factors underlying PDR. This study aimed to investigate the plasma metabotype of patients with PDR and to identify novel metabolite markers for PDR. Biomarkers identified from this study will provide scientific insight and new strategies for the early diagnosis and intervention of diabetic retinopathy.MethodsA total of 1024 patients with type 2 diabetes were screened. To match clinical parameters between case and control subjects, patients with PDR (PDR, n = 21) or those with a duration of diabetes of ≥10 years but without diabetic retinopathy (NDR, n = 21) were assigned to the present case-control study. Distinct metabolite profiles of serum were examined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).ResultsThe distinct metabolites between PDR and NDR groups were significantly enriched in 9 KEGG pathways (P < 0.05, impact > 0.1), namely, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, caffeine metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism, purine metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, sulfur metabolism, sphingosine metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism. A total of 63 altered metabolites played important roles in these pathways. Finally, 4 metabolites were selected as candidate biomarkers for PDR, namely, fumaric acid, uridine, acetic acid, and cytidine. The area under the curve for these biomarkers were 0.96, 0.95, 1.0, and 0.95, respectively.ConclusionsThis study suggested that impairment in the metabolism of pyrimidines, arginine and proline were identified as metabolic dysregulation associated with PDR. And fumaric acid, uridine, acetic acid, and cytidine might be potential biomarkers for PDR. Fumaric acid was firstly reported as a novel metabolite marker with no prior reports of association with diabetes or diabetic retinopathy, which might provide insights into potential new pathogenic pathways for diabetic retinopathy.

Project description:To establish adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy as a method to detect and characterize microscopic signs of diabetic retinopathy in capillaries and cone photoreceptors in the parafovea.Recently, adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) has enabled noninvasive assessment of photoreceptors, capillaries, and leukocytes in the retinas of live human subjects. Repeated application of AOSLO imaging along with comparison to fluorescein angiography was used to track individual capillaries near the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) from one eye affected with severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Fluorescein angiography was used to identify clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy, such as microaneurysms and intraretinal microvascular abnormalities, and corresponding regions were imaged and assessed using the AOSLO. In addition, the structural integrity of photoreceptors and the spatial distribution of leukocytes around the parafoveal capillary network were quantitatively assessed.Capillaries and cone photoreceptors were visualized using the AOSLO without the use of injected contrast agents. Although the majority of capillaries were stable over a period of 16 months, one capillary at the edge of the FAZ dropped out, leading to a small but significant increase in FAZ size. Longitudinal assessment of the capillaries also showed microaneurysm formation and disappearance as well as the formation of tiny capillary bends similar in appearance to intraretinal microvascular abnormalities. The leukocytes in the capillary network were found to preferentially travel through the same routes in all four visits, suggesting that these channels are robust against small changes to the surrounding capillaries. In this eye, cone photoreceptor spacing was increased in the fovea when compared with normal data but stable across all visits.AOSLO imaging can be used to longitudinally track capillaries, leukocytes, and photoreceptors in diabetic retinopathy. Capillary changes that can be detected include dropout of individual capillaries as well as formation and disappearance of microaneurysms.

Dataset Information

Heritability of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Objective

Research design and methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Heritability of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Similar Datasets

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